Intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging: comparison of diffusion and perfusion characteristics between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and post-chemoradiation fibrosis
Objectives To compare the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion and perfusion characteristics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and post-chemoradiation fibrosis to aid in their differentiation. Methods Fifty-three (64 %) patients with newly diagnosed NPC and 30 (36 %) patients with biopsy-pr...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | European radiology 2013-10, Vol.23 (10), p.2793-2801 |
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| creator | Lai, Vincent Li, Xiao Lee, Victor Ho Fun Lam, Ka On Chan, Queenie Khong, Pek Lan |
| description | Objectives
To compare the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion and perfusion characteristics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and post-chemoradiation fibrosis to aid in their differentiation.
Methods
Fifty-three (64 %) patients with newly diagnosed NPC and 30 (36 %) patients with biopsy-proven post-chemoradiation fibrosis were recruited into tumour and fibrosis groups respectively. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed using 13
b
values (0–1,000 s/mm
2
). Their respective IVIM parameters (
D
, pure diffusion;
f
, perfusion fraction;
D
*, pseudodiffusion coefficient) were obtained.
Results
D
and
f
were significantly lower in NPC (
D
= 0.752 ± 0.194 × 10
-3
mm
2
/s,
P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00330-013-2889-8 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_1433069021</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>3073673831</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c438t-e3ffcb8c3d940eda2f44849f1ca69829bfa30eee949264f7acb655ff44761bb23</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kV1vFCEYhYnR2LX1B3jTkHhN5asz0Lum8aNJjYmx14RhXnZpdmAKrLX_xp8q66xNb7wi8D7nPeQchN4xesYo7T8USoWghDJBuFKaqBdoxaTghFElX6IV1UKRXmt5hN6Uckcp1Uz2r9ERFz3nSvcr9Ps61mx_pl-wxSG6tIEMseIp1ZAi_vodh8muQ1xfYJem2eZQ2nPyeAze78qesXHEM-TDzW1stq5CA2twBQ9QHwAijrakuc0e4xrsFjubXYhpsos8lUrcBqaU7RjsX2sfhpxKKCfolbfbAm8P5zG6_fTxx9UXcvPt8_XV5Q1xUqhKQHjvBuXEqCWF0XIvpZLaM2c7rbgevBUUALTUvJO-t27ozs99o_qODQMXx-j9snfO6X4HpZq7tMuxWZoWqaCdppw1ii2Ua58rGbyZc0soPxpGzb4Ts3RiWidm34lRTXN62LwbJhifFP9KaABfgNJGLZ_8zPq_W_8ApQqcnA</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1433069021</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging: comparison of diffusion and perfusion characteristics between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and post-chemoradiation fibrosis</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals</source><creator>Lai, Vincent ; Li, Xiao ; Lee, Victor Ho Fun ; Lam, Ka On ; Chan, Queenie ; Khong, Pek Lan</creator><creatorcontrib>Lai, Vincent ; Li, Xiao ; Lee, Victor Ho Fun ; Lam, Ka On ; Chan, Queenie ; Khong, Pek Lan</creatorcontrib><description>Objectives
To compare the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion and perfusion characteristics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and post-chemoradiation fibrosis to aid in their differentiation.
Methods
Fifty-three (64 %) patients with newly diagnosed NPC and 30 (36 %) patients with biopsy-proven post-chemoradiation fibrosis were recruited into tumour and fibrosis groups respectively. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed using 13
b
values (0–1,000 s/mm
2
). Their respective IVIM parameters (
D
, pure diffusion;
f
, perfusion fraction;
D
*, pseudodiffusion coefficient) were obtained.
Results
D
and
f
were significantly lower in NPC (
D
= 0.752 ± 0.194 × 10
-3
mm
2
/s,
P
<0.001;
f
= 0.122 ± 0.095,
P
<0.001) than in fibrosis (
D
= 1.423 ± 0.364 × 10
-3
mm
2
/s;
f
= 0.190 ± 0.120); while
D
* was significantly higher in NPC (111.366 ± 65.528 × 10
-3
mm
2
/s,
P
<0.001) than in fibrosis (77.468 ± 62.168 × 10
-3
mm
2
/s). Respective cut-off values with sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were:
D
= 1.062 × 10
-3
mm
2
/s (100 %, 100 %, 100 %);
f
= 0.132 (66.0 %, 100 %, 78.3 %);
D
* = 85.283 × 10
-3
mm
2
/s (100 %, 90.7 %, 96.4 %).
Conclusion
NPC and post-chemoradiation fibrosis have distinctive IVIM parameters. IVIM MR imaging is potentially useful in discrimination between NPC and fibrosis.
Key Points
•
New MRI techniques offer greater help in the assessment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
.
•
Tumour and post
-
chemoradiation fibrosis have distinctive intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion
/
perfusion parameters
.
•
Non
-
invasive IVIM MRI may help differentiate between tumour and fibrosis
.
•
Pure diffusion is a robust independent discriminating factor which improves diagnostic confidence
.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0938-7994</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-1084</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00330-013-2889-8</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23722897</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy ; Cancer ; Carcinoma ; Chemoradiotherapy - adverse effects ; Chemoradiotherapy - methods ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diagnostic Radiology ; Female ; Head and Neck ; Humans ; Imaging ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional - methods ; Internal Medicine ; Interventional Radiology ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography - methods ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Male ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Middle Aged ; Motion ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms - pathology ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms - therapy ; Neuroradiology ; Radiation Pneumonitis - etiology ; Radiation Pneumonitis - pathology ; Radiology ; Reproducibility of Results ; Respiratory-Gated Imaging Techniques - methods ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Treatment Outcome ; Tumor Burden ; Ultrasound ; Viral infections ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>European radiology, 2013-10, Vol.23 (10), p.2793-2801</ispartof><rights>European Society of Radiology 2013</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c438t-e3ffcb8c3d940eda2f44849f1ca69829bfa30eee949264f7acb655ff44761bb23</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c438t-e3ffcb8c3d940eda2f44849f1ca69829bfa30eee949264f7acb655ff44761bb23</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00330-013-2889-8$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00330-013-2889-8$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23722897$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lai, Vincent</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Xiao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Victor Ho Fun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lam, Ka On</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chan, Queenie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khong, Pek Lan</creatorcontrib><title>Intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging: comparison of diffusion and perfusion characteristics between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and post-chemoradiation fibrosis</title><title>European radiology</title><addtitle>Eur Radiol</addtitle><addtitle>Eur Radiol</addtitle><description>Objectives
To compare the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion and perfusion characteristics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and post-chemoradiation fibrosis to aid in their differentiation.
Methods
Fifty-three (64 %) patients with newly diagnosed NPC and 30 (36 %) patients with biopsy-proven post-chemoradiation fibrosis were recruited into tumour and fibrosis groups respectively. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed using 13
b
values (0–1,000 s/mm
2
). Their respective IVIM parameters (
D
, pure diffusion;
f
, perfusion fraction;
D
*, pseudodiffusion coefficient) were obtained.
Results
D
and
f
were significantly lower in NPC (
D
= 0.752 ± 0.194 × 10
-3
mm
2
/s,
P
<0.001;
f
= 0.122 ± 0.095,
P
<0.001) than in fibrosis (
D
= 1.423 ± 0.364 × 10
-3
mm
2
/s;
f
= 0.190 ± 0.120); while
D
* was significantly higher in NPC (111.366 ± 65.528 × 10
-3
mm
2
/s,
P
<0.001) than in fibrosis (77.468 ± 62.168 × 10
-3
mm
2
/s). Respective cut-off values with sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were:
D
= 1.062 × 10
-3
mm
2
/s (100 %, 100 %, 100 %);
f
= 0.132 (66.0 %, 100 %, 78.3 %);
D
* = 85.283 × 10
-3
mm
2
/s (100 %, 90.7 %, 96.4 %).
Conclusion
NPC and post-chemoradiation fibrosis have distinctive IVIM parameters. IVIM MR imaging is potentially useful in discrimination between NPC and fibrosis.
Key Points
•
New MRI techniques offer greater help in the assessment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
.
•
Tumour and post
-
chemoradiation fibrosis have distinctive intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion
/
perfusion parameters
.
•
Non
-
invasive IVIM MRI may help differentiate between tumour and fibrosis
.
•
Pure diffusion is a robust independent discriminating factor which improves diagnostic confidence
.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Biopsy</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Carcinoma</subject><subject>Chemoradiotherapy - adverse effects</subject><subject>Chemoradiotherapy - methods</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Diagnosis, Differential</subject><subject>Diagnostic Radiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Head and Neck</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Imaging</subject><subject>Imaging, Three-Dimensional - methods</subject><subject>Internal Medicine</subject><subject>Interventional Radiology</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Angiography - methods</subject><subject>Magnetic resonance imaging</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Motion</subject><subject>Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma</subject><subject>Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms - pathology</subject><subject>Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms - therapy</subject><subject>Neuroradiology</subject><subject>Radiation Pneumonitis - etiology</subject><subject>Radiation Pneumonitis - pathology</subject><subject>Radiology</subject><subject>Reproducibility of Results</subject><subject>Respiratory-Gated Imaging Techniques - methods</subject><subject>Sensitivity and Specificity</subject><subject>Treatment Outcome</subject><subject>Tumor Burden</subject><subject>Ultrasound</subject><subject>Viral infections</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0938-7994</issn><issn>1432-1084</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kV1vFCEYhYnR2LX1B3jTkHhN5asz0Lum8aNJjYmx14RhXnZpdmAKrLX_xp8q66xNb7wi8D7nPeQchN4xesYo7T8USoWghDJBuFKaqBdoxaTghFElX6IV1UKRXmt5hN6Uckcp1Uz2r9ERFz3nSvcr9Ps61mx_pl-wxSG6tIEMseIp1ZAi_vodh8muQ1xfYJem2eZQ2nPyeAze78qesXHEM-TDzW1stq5CA2twBQ9QHwAijrakuc0e4xrsFjubXYhpsos8lUrcBqaU7RjsX2sfhpxKKCfolbfbAm8P5zG6_fTxx9UXcvPt8_XV5Q1xUqhKQHjvBuXEqCWF0XIvpZLaM2c7rbgevBUUALTUvJO-t27ozs99o_qODQMXx-j9snfO6X4HpZq7tMuxWZoWqaCdppw1ii2Ua58rGbyZc0soPxpGzb4Ts3RiWidm34lRTXN62LwbJhifFP9KaABfgNJGLZ_8zPq_W_8ApQqcnA</recordid><startdate>20131001</startdate><enddate>20131001</enddate><creator>Lai, Vincent</creator><creator>Li, Xiao</creator><creator>Lee, Victor Ho Fun</creator><creator>Lam, Ka On</creator><creator>Chan, Queenie</creator><creator>Khong, Pek Lan</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20131001</creationdate><title>Intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging: comparison of diffusion and perfusion characteristics between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and post-chemoradiation fibrosis</title><author>Lai, Vincent ; Li, Xiao ; Lee, Victor Ho Fun ; Lam, Ka On ; Chan, Queenie ; Khong, Pek Lan</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c438t-e3ffcb8c3d940eda2f44849f1ca69829bfa30eee949264f7acb655ff44761bb23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Biopsy</topic><topic>Cancer</topic><topic>Carcinoma</topic><topic>Chemoradiotherapy - adverse effects</topic><topic>Chemoradiotherapy - methods</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Diagnosis, Differential</topic><topic>Diagnostic Radiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Head and Neck</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Imaging</topic><topic>Imaging, Three-Dimensional - methods</topic><topic>Internal Medicine</topic><topic>Interventional Radiology</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Angiography - methods</topic><topic>Magnetic resonance imaging</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Motion</topic><topic>Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma</topic><topic>Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms - pathology</topic><topic>Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms - therapy</topic><topic>Neuroradiology</topic><topic>Radiation Pneumonitis - etiology</topic><topic>Radiation Pneumonitis - pathology</topic><topic>Radiology</topic><topic>Reproducibility of Results</topic><topic>Respiratory-Gated Imaging Techniques - methods</topic><topic>Sensitivity and Specificity</topic><topic>Treatment Outcome</topic><topic>Tumor Burden</topic><topic>Ultrasound</topic><topic>Viral infections</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lai, Vincent</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Xiao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Victor Ho Fun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lam, Ka On</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chan, Queenie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khong, Pek Lan</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><jtitle>European radiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lai, Vincent</au><au>Li, Xiao</au><au>Lee, Victor Ho Fun</au><au>Lam, Ka On</au><au>Chan, Queenie</au><au>Khong, Pek Lan</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging: comparison of diffusion and perfusion characteristics between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and post-chemoradiation fibrosis</atitle><jtitle>European radiology</jtitle><stitle>Eur Radiol</stitle><addtitle>Eur Radiol</addtitle><date>2013-10-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>23</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>2793</spage><epage>2801</epage><pages>2793-2801</pages><issn>0938-7994</issn><eissn>1432-1084</eissn><abstract>Objectives
To compare the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion and perfusion characteristics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and post-chemoradiation fibrosis to aid in their differentiation.
Methods
Fifty-three (64 %) patients with newly diagnosed NPC and 30 (36 %) patients with biopsy-proven post-chemoradiation fibrosis were recruited into tumour and fibrosis groups respectively. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed using 13
b
values (0–1,000 s/mm
2
). Their respective IVIM parameters (
D
, pure diffusion;
f
, perfusion fraction;
D
*, pseudodiffusion coefficient) were obtained.
Results
D
and
f
were significantly lower in NPC (
D
= 0.752 ± 0.194 × 10
-3
mm
2
/s,
P
<0.001;
f
= 0.122 ± 0.095,
P
<0.001) than in fibrosis (
D
= 1.423 ± 0.364 × 10
-3
mm
2
/s;
f
= 0.190 ± 0.120); while
D
* was significantly higher in NPC (111.366 ± 65.528 × 10
-3
mm
2
/s,
P
<0.001) than in fibrosis (77.468 ± 62.168 × 10
-3
mm
2
/s). Respective cut-off values with sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were:
D
= 1.062 × 10
-3
mm
2
/s (100 %, 100 %, 100 %);
f
= 0.132 (66.0 %, 100 %, 78.3 %);
D
* = 85.283 × 10
-3
mm
2
/s (100 %, 90.7 %, 96.4 %).
Conclusion
NPC and post-chemoradiation fibrosis have distinctive IVIM parameters. IVIM MR imaging is potentially useful in discrimination between NPC and fibrosis.
Key Points
•
New MRI techniques offer greater help in the assessment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
.
•
Tumour and post
-
chemoradiation fibrosis have distinctive intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion
/
perfusion parameters
.
•
Non
-
invasive IVIM MRI may help differentiate between tumour and fibrosis
.
•
Pure diffusion is a robust independent discriminating factor which improves diagnostic confidence
.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>23722897</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00330-013-2889-8</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0938-7994 |
| ispartof | European radiology, 2013-10, Vol.23 (10), p.2793-2801 |
| issn | 0938-7994 1432-1084 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_journals_1433069021 |
| source | MEDLINE; Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Biopsy Cancer Carcinoma Chemoradiotherapy - adverse effects Chemoradiotherapy - methods Child Diagnosis, Differential Diagnostic Radiology Female Head and Neck Humans Imaging Imaging, Three-Dimensional - methods Internal Medicine Interventional Radiology Magnetic Resonance Angiography - methods Magnetic resonance imaging Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Middle Aged Motion Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms - pathology Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms - therapy Neuroradiology Radiation Pneumonitis - etiology Radiation Pneumonitis - pathology Radiology Reproducibility of Results Respiratory-Gated Imaging Techniques - methods Sensitivity and Specificity Treatment Outcome Tumor Burden Ultrasound Viral infections Young Adult |
| title | Intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging: comparison of diffusion and perfusion characteristics between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and post-chemoradiation fibrosis |
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