Simultaneous determination of 5 psychotropic drugs of various types in an autopsy case of acute multiple drug poisoning
Abstract We attempted the simultaneous determination of 5 drugs, mirtazapine, sertraline, chlorpromazine, amoxapine and zolpidem, detected in a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry screening test in an autopsy case. The solid-phase extraction of the analytes from biological samples was achieved usin...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Forensic science international 2013-04, Vol.227 (1), p.90-94 |
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| creator | Sasaki, Chizuko Shinozuka, Tatsuo Murakami, Chikako Irie, Wataru Maeda, Kazuho Watanabe, Toshimasa Nakamaru, Naomi Furukawa, Masataka Nakamura, Shigeki Kurihara, Katsuyoshi |
| description | Abstract We attempted the simultaneous determination of 5 drugs, mirtazapine, sertraline, chlorpromazine, amoxapine and zolpidem, detected in a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry screening test in an autopsy case. The solid-phase extraction of the analytes from biological samples was achieved using Oasis® HLB cartridges (Waters, Milford, MA, USA). Gas chromatography was performed on a HP-5MS fused silica capillary column (30 m × 0.25 mm i.d., 0.25 μm film thickness, Agilent Technologies). The mass spectrometer was operated with an electron energy of 70 eV in electron impact mode. The qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed in full-scan mode and the selected ion monitoring mode, respectively. The total ion chromatogram showed good separation of these drugs. Linear graphs were obtained with good correlation coefficients for these drugs from 0.001 to 2.0 μg/mL ( r2 = 0.9909–0.9986) using imipramine-d6 as an internal standard. The recoveries of these drugs were found to be 62.8–88.0% in spiked whole blood. Mirtazapine, sertraline, chlorpromazine, amoxapine and zolpidem were found in post-mortem samples of the deceased at concentrations of 2.67, 0.07, 0.25, 0.32 and 0.68 μg/mL, respectively. The concentration of mirtazapine was within the lethal level and those of amoxapine and zolpidem were within the toxic level. We diagnosed that the cause of death was acute multiple drug poisoning. The simple and practical procedure used in this study is useful for the simultaneous determination of psychotropic drugs of various types in post-mortem biological samples. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.11.015 |
| format | Article |
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The solid-phase extraction of the analytes from biological samples was achieved using Oasis® HLB cartridges (Waters, Milford, MA, USA). Gas chromatography was performed on a HP-5MS fused silica capillary column (30 m × 0.25 mm i.d., 0.25 μm film thickness, Agilent Technologies). The mass spectrometer was operated with an electron energy of 70 eV in electron impact mode. The qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed in full-scan mode and the selected ion monitoring mode, respectively. The total ion chromatogram showed good separation of these drugs. Linear graphs were obtained with good correlation coefficients for these drugs from 0.001 to 2.0 μg/mL ( r2 = 0.9909–0.9986) using imipramine-d6 as an internal standard. The recoveries of these drugs were found to be 62.8–88.0% in spiked whole blood. Mirtazapine, sertraline, chlorpromazine, amoxapine and zolpidem were found in post-mortem samples of the deceased at concentrations of 2.67, 0.07, 0.25, 0.32 and 0.68 μg/mL, respectively. The concentration of mirtazapine was within the lethal level and those of amoxapine and zolpidem were within the toxic level. We diagnosed that the cause of death was acute multiple drug poisoning. The simple and practical procedure used in this study is useful for the simultaneous determination of psychotropic drugs of various types in post-mortem biological samples.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0379-0738</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1872-6283</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.11.015</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23266306</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Ireland: Elsevier Ireland Ltd</publisher><subject>Adult ; Amoxapine - analysis ; Amoxapine - poisoning ; Calibration ; Chlorpromazine - analysis ; Chlorpromazine - poisoning ; Drug dosages ; Female ; Forensic sciences ; Forensic Toxicology ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry - methods ; Gastrointestinal Contents - chemistry ; GC–MS ; Humans ; Mianserin - analogs & derivatives ; Mianserin - analysis ; Mianserin - poisoning ; Mirtazapine ; Multiple drug poisoning ; Pathology ; Poisoning ; Psychotropic drugs ; Psychotropic Drugs - analysis ; Psychotropic Drugs - poisoning ; Pyridines - analysis ; Pyridines - poisoning ; Sertraline - analysis ; Sertraline - poisoning ; Simultaneous determination ; Solid Phase Extraction</subject><ispartof>Forensic science international, 2013-04, Vol.227 (1), p.90-94</ispartof><rights>Elsevier Ireland Ltd</rights><rights>2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier Limited Apr 10, 2013</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c553t-4de0d257c836167e09db488826d0cbd830f7165c9b3bdcae89d9e0d833d95aba3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c553t-4de0d257c836167e09db488826d0cbd830f7165c9b3bdcae89d9e0d833d95aba3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/1351928472?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3536,27903,27904,45974,64362,64366,72216</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23266306$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sasaki, Chizuko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shinozuka, Tatsuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Murakami, Chikako</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Irie, Wataru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maeda, Kazuho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Watanabe, Toshimasa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nakamaru, Naomi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Furukawa, Masataka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nakamura, Shigeki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kurihara, Katsuyoshi</creatorcontrib><title>Simultaneous determination of 5 psychotropic drugs of various types in an autopsy case of acute multiple drug poisoning</title><title>Forensic science international</title><addtitle>Forensic Sci Int</addtitle><description>Abstract We attempted the simultaneous determination of 5 drugs, mirtazapine, sertraline, chlorpromazine, amoxapine and zolpidem, detected in a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry screening test in an autopsy case. The solid-phase extraction of the analytes from biological samples was achieved using Oasis® HLB cartridges (Waters, Milford, MA, USA). Gas chromatography was performed on a HP-5MS fused silica capillary column (30 m × 0.25 mm i.d., 0.25 μm film thickness, Agilent Technologies). The mass spectrometer was operated with an electron energy of 70 eV in electron impact mode. The qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed in full-scan mode and the selected ion monitoring mode, respectively. The total ion chromatogram showed good separation of these drugs. Linear graphs were obtained with good correlation coefficients for these drugs from 0.001 to 2.0 μg/mL ( r2 = 0.9909–0.9986) using imipramine-d6 as an internal standard. The recoveries of these drugs were found to be 62.8–88.0% in spiked whole blood. Mirtazapine, sertraline, chlorpromazine, amoxapine and zolpidem were found in post-mortem samples of the deceased at concentrations of 2.67, 0.07, 0.25, 0.32 and 0.68 μg/mL, respectively. The concentration of mirtazapine was within the lethal level and those of amoxapine and zolpidem were within the toxic level. We diagnosed that the cause of death was acute multiple drug poisoning. The simple and practical procedure used in this study is useful for the simultaneous determination of psychotropic drugs of various types in post-mortem biological samples.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Amoxapine - analysis</subject><subject>Amoxapine - poisoning</subject><subject>Calibration</subject><subject>Chlorpromazine - analysis</subject><subject>Chlorpromazine - poisoning</subject><subject>Drug dosages</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Forensic sciences</subject><subject>Forensic Toxicology</subject><subject>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry - methods</subject><subject>Gastrointestinal Contents - chemistry</subject><subject>GC–MS</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Mianserin - analogs & derivatives</subject><subject>Mianserin - analysis</subject><subject>Mianserin - poisoning</subject><subject>Mirtazapine</subject><subject>Multiple drug poisoning</subject><subject>Pathology</subject><subject>Poisoning</subject><subject>Psychotropic drugs</subject><subject>Psychotropic Drugs - analysis</subject><subject>Psychotropic Drugs - poisoning</subject><subject>Pyridines - analysis</subject><subject>Pyridines - poisoning</subject><subject>Sertraline - analysis</subject><subject>Sertraline - poisoning</subject><subject>Simultaneous determination</subject><subject>Solid Phase 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determination of 5 psychotropic drugs of various types in an autopsy case of acute multiple drug poisoning</title><author>Sasaki, Chizuko ; Shinozuka, Tatsuo ; Murakami, Chikako ; Irie, Wataru ; Maeda, Kazuho ; Watanabe, Toshimasa ; Nakamaru, Naomi ; Furukawa, Masataka ; Nakamura, Shigeki ; Kurihara, Katsuyoshi</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c553t-4de0d257c836167e09db488826d0cbd830f7165c9b3bdcae89d9e0d833d95aba3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Amoxapine - analysis</topic><topic>Amoxapine - poisoning</topic><topic>Calibration</topic><topic>Chlorpromazine - analysis</topic><topic>Chlorpromazine - poisoning</topic><topic>Drug dosages</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Forensic sciences</topic><topic>Forensic Toxicology</topic><topic>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry - methods</topic><topic>Gastrointestinal Contents - chemistry</topic><topic>GC–MS</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Mianserin - analogs & derivatives</topic><topic>Mianserin - analysis</topic><topic>Mianserin - poisoning</topic><topic>Mirtazapine</topic><topic>Multiple drug poisoning</topic><topic>Pathology</topic><topic>Poisoning</topic><topic>Psychotropic drugs</topic><topic>Psychotropic Drugs - analysis</topic><topic>Psychotropic Drugs - poisoning</topic><topic>Pyridines - analysis</topic><topic>Pyridines - poisoning</topic><topic>Sertraline - analysis</topic><topic>Sertraline - poisoning</topic><topic>Simultaneous determination</topic><topic>Solid Phase Extraction</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sasaki, Chizuko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shinozuka, Tatsuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Murakami, Chikako</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Irie, Wataru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maeda, Kazuho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Watanabe, 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Chizuko</au><au>Shinozuka, Tatsuo</au><au>Murakami, Chikako</au><au>Irie, Wataru</au><au>Maeda, Kazuho</au><au>Watanabe, Toshimasa</au><au>Nakamaru, Naomi</au><au>Furukawa, Masataka</au><au>Nakamura, Shigeki</au><au>Kurihara, Katsuyoshi</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Simultaneous determination of 5 psychotropic drugs of various types in an autopsy case of acute multiple drug poisoning</atitle><jtitle>Forensic science international</jtitle><addtitle>Forensic Sci Int</addtitle><date>2013-04-10</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>227</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>90</spage><epage>94</epage><pages>90-94</pages><issn>0379-0738</issn><eissn>1872-6283</eissn><abstract>Abstract We attempted the simultaneous determination of 5 drugs, mirtazapine, sertraline, chlorpromazine, amoxapine and zolpidem, detected in a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry screening test in an autopsy case. The solid-phase extraction of the analytes from biological samples was achieved using Oasis® HLB cartridges (Waters, Milford, MA, USA). Gas chromatography was performed on a HP-5MS fused silica capillary column (30 m × 0.25 mm i.d., 0.25 μm film thickness, Agilent Technologies). The mass spectrometer was operated with an electron energy of 70 eV in electron impact mode. The qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed in full-scan mode and the selected ion monitoring mode, respectively. The total ion chromatogram showed good separation of these drugs. Linear graphs were obtained with good correlation coefficients for these drugs from 0.001 to 2.0 μg/mL ( r2 = 0.9909–0.9986) using imipramine-d6 as an internal standard. The recoveries of these drugs were found to be 62.8–88.0% in spiked whole blood. Mirtazapine, sertraline, chlorpromazine, amoxapine and zolpidem were found in post-mortem samples of the deceased at concentrations of 2.67, 0.07, 0.25, 0.32 and 0.68 μg/mL, respectively. The concentration of mirtazapine was within the lethal level and those of amoxapine and zolpidem were within the toxic level. We diagnosed that the cause of death was acute multiple drug poisoning. The simple and practical procedure used in this study is useful for the simultaneous determination of psychotropic drugs of various types in post-mortem biological samples.</abstract><cop>Ireland</cop><pub>Elsevier Ireland Ltd</pub><pmid>23266306</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.11.015</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Amoxapine - analysis Amoxapine - poisoning Calibration Chlorpromazine - analysis Chlorpromazine - poisoning Drug dosages Female Forensic sciences Forensic Toxicology Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry - methods Gastrointestinal Contents - chemistry GC–MS Humans Mianserin - analogs & derivatives Mianserin - analysis Mianserin - poisoning Mirtazapine Multiple drug poisoning Pathology Poisoning Psychotropic drugs Psychotropic Drugs - analysis Psychotropic Drugs - poisoning Pyridines - analysis Pyridines - poisoning Sertraline - analysis Sertraline - poisoning Simultaneous determination Solid Phase Extraction |
| title | Simultaneous determination of 5 psychotropic drugs of various types in an autopsy case of acute multiple drug poisoning |
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