MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS IN KEY WEST, FLORIDA
In 1984, a press release by a Miami, Florida, neurologist described a possible cluster of persons with multiple sclerosis in Key West, Florida. The authors examined the cluster using prevalence rates, which are recognized as having a latitudinal gradient for multiple sclerosis, being generally high...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of epidemiology 1989-11, Vol.130 (5), p.935-949 |
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| container_title | American journal of epidemiology |
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| creator | HELMICK, CHARLES G. WRIGLEY, J. MICHAEL ZACK, MATTHEW M. BIGLER, WILLIAM J. LEHMAN, JANET I. JANSSEN, ROBERT S. HARTWIG, E. CHARLES WITTE, JOHN J. |
| description | In 1984, a press release by a Miami, Florida, neurologist described a possible cluster of persons with multiple sclerosis in Key West, Florida. The authors examined the cluster using prevalence rates, which are recognized as having a latitudinal gradient for multiple sclerosis, being generally high at high latitudes and low at low latitudes. Case ascertainment showed 32 definite or probable cases among residents of the study area (latitude, 24.5° N) on September 1, 1985, a prevalence rate of 70.1/100,000 population—14 times the rate estimated for this latitude by modeling techniques based on US and international data, 7-44 times the rate for areas at similar latitudes (Mexico City, Mexico; Hawaii; New Orieans, Louisiana; and Charles County, South Carolina), and 2.5 times the expected rate for all US latitudes below 37° N. This finding could not be explained by changes in diagnostic criteria, case ascertainment bias, immigration of people from high-risk areas, an unusual population structure, a large percentage of related cases, or better survival. Prevalent cases (n = 22) were more likely than general population controls (n = 76), matched by sex and 10-year age group, to have: lived longer in Key West, been a nurse, ever owned a Siamese cat, had detectable antibody titers to coxsackievirus A2 and poliovirus 2, and ever visited a local military base (Fleming Key). Key West has an unusually high prevalence of multiple sclerosis that may be related to these risk factors. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115426 |
| format | Article |
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MICHAEL ; ZACK, MATTHEW M. ; BIGLER, WILLIAM J. ; LEHMAN, JANET I. ; JANSSEN, ROBERT S. ; HARTWIG, E. CHARLES ; WITTE, JOHN J.</creator><creatorcontrib>HELMICK, CHARLES G. ; WRIGLEY, J. MICHAEL ; ZACK, MATTHEW M. ; BIGLER, WILLIAM J. ; LEHMAN, JANET I. ; JANSSEN, ROBERT S. ; HARTWIG, E. CHARLES ; WITTE, JOHN J.</creatorcontrib><description>In 1984, a press release by a Miami, Florida, neurologist described a possible cluster of persons with multiple sclerosis in Key West, Florida. The authors examined the cluster using prevalence rates, which are recognized as having a latitudinal gradient for multiple sclerosis, being generally high at high latitudes and low at low latitudes. Case ascertainment showed 32 definite or probable cases among residents of the study area (latitude, 24.5° N) on September 1, 1985, a prevalence rate of 70.1/100,000 population—14 times the rate estimated for this latitude by modeling techniques based on US and international data, 7-44 times the rate for areas at similar latitudes (Mexico City, Mexico; Hawaii; New Orieans, Louisiana; and Charles County, South Carolina), and 2.5 times the expected rate for all US latitudes below 37° N. This finding could not be explained by changes in diagnostic criteria, case ascertainment bias, immigration of people from high-risk areas, an unusual population structure, a large percentage of related cases, or better survival. Prevalent cases (n = 22) were more likely than general population controls (n = 76), matched by sex and 10-year age group, to have: lived longer in Key West, been a nurse, ever owned a Siamese cat, had detectable antibody titers to coxsackievirus A2 and poliovirus 2, and ever visited a local military base (Fleming Key). Key West has an unusually high prevalence of multiple sclerosis that may be related to these risk factors.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-9262</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1476-6256</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115426</identifier><identifier>PMID: 2816901</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AJEPAS</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cary, NC: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Adult ; Biological and medical sciences ; Case-Control Studies ; Data Collection ; Environmental Exposure ; Female ; Florida ; Humans ; Male ; Medical Records ; Medical sciences ; Metals ; multiple sclerosis ; Multiple Sclerosis - epidemiology ; Multiple Sclerosis - etiology ; Multiple sclerosis and variants. Guillain barré syndrome and other inflammatory polyneuropathies. Leukoencephalitis ; Neurology ; Nurses ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Random Allocation ; Regression Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Selection Bias ; Space-Time Clustering</subject><ispartof>American journal of epidemiology, 1989-11, Vol.130 (5), p.935-949</ispartof><rights>1990 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c409t-8f262f0cbecfd56862edb04f5583c4f128aa0b2681a1d5455ea8675f117000b73</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,27874,27929,27930</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=6636238$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2816901$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>HELMICK, CHARLES G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>WRIGLEY, J. MICHAEL</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ZACK, MATTHEW M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BIGLER, WILLIAM J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LEHMAN, JANET I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>JANSSEN, ROBERT S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HARTWIG, E. CHARLES</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>WITTE, JOHN J.</creatorcontrib><title>MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS IN KEY WEST, FLORIDA</title><title>American journal of epidemiology</title><addtitle>Am J Epidemiol</addtitle><description>In 1984, a press release by a Miami, Florida, neurologist described a possible cluster of persons with multiple sclerosis in Key West, Florida. The authors examined the cluster using prevalence rates, which are recognized as having a latitudinal gradient for multiple sclerosis, being generally high at high latitudes and low at low latitudes. Case ascertainment showed 32 definite or probable cases among residents of the study area (latitude, 24.5° N) on September 1, 1985, a prevalence rate of 70.1/100,000 population—14 times the rate estimated for this latitude by modeling techniques based on US and international data, 7-44 times the rate for areas at similar latitudes (Mexico City, Mexico; Hawaii; New Orieans, Louisiana; and Charles County, South Carolina), and 2.5 times the expected rate for all US latitudes below 37° N. This finding could not be explained by changes in diagnostic criteria, case ascertainment bias, immigration of people from high-risk areas, an unusual population structure, a large percentage of related cases, or better survival. Prevalent cases (n = 22) were more likely than general population controls (n = 76), matched by sex and 10-year age group, to have: lived longer in Key West, been a nurse, ever owned a Siamese cat, had detectable antibody titers to coxsackievirus A2 and poliovirus 2, and ever visited a local military base (Fleming Key). Key West has an unusually high prevalence of multiple sclerosis that may be related to these risk factors.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Data Collection</subject><subject>Environmental Exposure</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Florida</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical Records</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Metals</subject><subject>multiple sclerosis</subject><subject>Multiple Sclerosis - epidemiology</subject><subject>Multiple Sclerosis - etiology</subject><subject>Multiple sclerosis and variants. Guillain barré syndrome and other inflammatory polyneuropathies. Leukoencephalitis</subject><subject>Neurology</subject><subject>Nurses</subject><subject>Odds Ratio</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Random Allocation</subject><subject>Regression Analysis</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Selection Bias</subject><subject>Space-Time Clustering</subject><issn>0002-9262</issn><issn>1476-6256</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1989</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>K30</sourceid><recordid>eNpVkNFOwjAUhhujQUQfwWRRE28c9nRrt3mHuMHiEMMgqDdNt7UJCAxbSPDtnWGSeHUu_u_0P_0QugLcBhw49-VOlbqYl1u9EgvTFnPZFgDUJewINcH1mM0IZceoiTEmdkAYOUVnxswxBggobqAG8YEFGJrodjBJxvFrElppNwlHwzROrfjFeg7frWmYju-sKBmO4qfOOTpRVZe8qGcLTaJw3O3bybAXdzuJnbs42Ni-qsoUzjOZq4IynxFZZNhVlPpO7iogvhA4I8wHAQV1KZXCZx5VAF51a-Y5LXS9f3ety6-tNBv-900ODmaMuq4HFfWwp3JdGqOl4ms9Wwr9zQHzX0X8vyJeKeK1omr5sq7YZktZHFZrJ1V-U-fC5GKhtFjlM3PAGHMYcfwKs_fYzGzk7hAL_cmZ53iU998--ACi3igaTPmj8wNv0n67</recordid><startdate>19891101</startdate><enddate>19891101</enddate><creator>HELMICK, CHARLES G.</creator><creator>WRIGLEY, J. 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CHARLES</creator><creator>WITTE, JOHN J.</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><general>School of Hygiene and Public Health of the Johns Hopkins University</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>HVZBN</scope><scope>K30</scope><scope>PAAUG</scope><scope>PAWHS</scope><scope>PAWZZ</scope><scope>PAXOH</scope><scope>PBHAV</scope><scope>PBQSW</scope><scope>PBYQZ</scope><scope>PCIWU</scope><scope>PCMID</scope><scope>PCZJX</scope><scope>PDGRG</scope><scope>PDWWI</scope><scope>PETMR</scope><scope>PFVGT</scope><scope>PGXDX</scope><scope>PIHIL</scope><scope>PISVA</scope><scope>PJCTQ</scope><scope>PJTMS</scope><scope>PLCHJ</scope><scope>PMHAD</scope><scope>PNQDJ</scope><scope>POUND</scope><scope>PPLAD</scope><scope>PQAPC</scope><scope>PQCAN</scope><scope>PQCMW</scope><scope>PQEME</scope><scope>PQHKH</scope><scope>PQMID</scope><scope>PQNCT</scope><scope>PQNET</scope><scope>PQSCT</scope><scope>PQSET</scope><scope>PSVJG</scope><scope>PVMQY</scope><scope>PZGFC</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19891101</creationdate><title>MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS IN KEY WEST, FLORIDA</title><author>HELMICK, CHARLES G. ; WRIGLEY, J. MICHAEL ; ZACK, MATTHEW M. ; BIGLER, WILLIAM J. ; LEHMAN, JANET I. ; JANSSEN, ROBERT S. ; HARTWIG, E. CHARLES ; WITTE, JOHN J.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c409t-8f262f0cbecfd56862edb04f5583c4f128aa0b2681a1d5455ea8675f117000b73</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1989</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>Data Collection</topic><topic>Environmental Exposure</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Florida</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical Records</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Metals</topic><topic>multiple sclerosis</topic><topic>Multiple Sclerosis - epidemiology</topic><topic>Multiple Sclerosis - etiology</topic><topic>Multiple sclerosis and variants. Guillain barré syndrome and other inflammatory polyneuropathies. 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MICHAEL</au><au>ZACK, MATTHEW M.</au><au>BIGLER, WILLIAM J.</au><au>LEHMAN, JANET I.</au><au>JANSSEN, ROBERT S.</au><au>HARTWIG, E. CHARLES</au><au>WITTE, JOHN J.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS IN KEY WEST, FLORIDA</atitle><jtitle>American journal of epidemiology</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Epidemiol</addtitle><date>1989-11-01</date><risdate>1989</risdate><volume>130</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>935</spage><epage>949</epage><pages>935-949</pages><issn>0002-9262</issn><eissn>1476-6256</eissn><coden>AJEPAS</coden><abstract>In 1984, a press release by a Miami, Florida, neurologist described a possible cluster of persons with multiple sclerosis in Key West, Florida. The authors examined the cluster using prevalence rates, which are recognized as having a latitudinal gradient for multiple sclerosis, being generally high at high latitudes and low at low latitudes. Case ascertainment showed 32 definite or probable cases among residents of the study area (latitude, 24.5° N) on September 1, 1985, a prevalence rate of 70.1/100,000 population—14 times the rate estimated for this latitude by modeling techniques based on US and international data, 7-44 times the rate for areas at similar latitudes (Mexico City, Mexico; Hawaii; New Orieans, Louisiana; and Charles County, South Carolina), and 2.5 times the expected rate for all US latitudes below 37° N. This finding could not be explained by changes in diagnostic criteria, case ascertainment bias, immigration of people from high-risk areas, an unusual population structure, a large percentage of related cases, or better survival. Prevalent cases (n = 22) were more likely than general population controls (n = 76), matched by sex and 10-year age group, to have: lived longer in Key West, been a nurse, ever owned a Siamese cat, had detectable antibody titers to coxsackievirus A2 and poliovirus 2, and ever visited a local military base (Fleming Key). Key West has an unusually high prevalence of multiple sclerosis that may be related to these risk factors.</abstract><cop>Cary, NC</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>2816901</pmid><doi>10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115426</doi><tpages>15</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0002-9262 |
| ispartof | American journal of epidemiology, 1989-11, Vol.130 (5), p.935-949 |
| issn | 0002-9262 1476-6256 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Oxford University Press Archive; Periodicals Index Online |
| subjects | Adult Biological and medical sciences Case-Control Studies Data Collection Environmental Exposure Female Florida Humans Male Medical Records Medical sciences Metals multiple sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis - epidemiology Multiple Sclerosis - etiology Multiple sclerosis and variants. Guillain barré syndrome and other inflammatory polyneuropathies. Leukoencephalitis Neurology Nurses Odds Ratio Prevalence Random Allocation Regression Analysis Risk Factors Selection Bias Space-Time Clustering |
| title | MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS IN KEY WEST, FLORIDA |
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