Transient nature of Arctic spring systems driven by subglacial meltwater
In the High Arctic, supra‐ and proglacial springs occur at Borup Fiord Pass, Ellesmere Island. Spring waters are sulfur bearing and isotope analysis suggests springs are fed by deeply circulating glacial meltwater. However, the mechanism maintaining spring flow is unclear in these areas of thick per...
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description | In the High Arctic, supra‐ and proglacial springs occur at Borup Fiord Pass, Ellesmere Island. Spring waters are sulfur bearing and isotope analysis suggests springs are fed by deeply circulating glacial meltwater. However, the mechanism maintaining spring flow is unclear in these areas of thick permafrost which would hamper the discharge of deep groundwater to the surface. It has been hypothesized that fracture zones along faults focus groundwater which discharges initially underneath wet‐based parts of the ice. With thinning ice, the spring head is exposed to surface temperatures, tens of degrees lower than temperatures of pressure melting, and permafrost starts to develop. Numerical modeling of coupled heat and fluid flow suggest that focused groundwater discharge should eventually be cut off by permafrost encroaching into the feeding channel of the spring. Nevertheless, our model simulations show that these springs can remain flowing for millennia depending on the initial flow rate and ambient surface temperature. These systems might provide a terrestrial analog for the possible occurrence of Martian springs recharged by polar ice caps.
Key Points
Springs surrounded by thick permafrost are of transient nature
Springs in permafrost can persist for millennia
Glacier meltwater fed springs provide a possible analog for springs on Mars |
doi_str_mv | 10.1029/2012GL051445 |
format | Article |
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Key Points
Springs surrounded by thick permafrost are of transient nature
Springs in permafrost can persist for millennia
Glacier meltwater fed springs provide a possible analog for springs on Mars</description><identifier>ISSN: 0094-8276</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1944-8007</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1029/2012GL051445</identifier><identifier>CODEN: GPRLAJ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Ambient temperature ; Arctic hydrogeology ; Cryosphere ; Earth sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; Exact sciences and technology ; Flow rates ; Fluid flow ; Groundwater ; Groundwater discharge ; Hydrology ; Ice caps ; Meltwater ; Permafrost ; Sulfur ; supraglacial springs ; Surface temperature ; Water springs</subject><ispartof>Geophysical research letters, 2012-06, Vol.39 (12), p.n/a</ispartof><rights>2012. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Geophysical Union 2012</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3748-f5dde0e3cebf6f45d21a43cfbb06a75efbacdcf22bfa4540abe96e7bcc951e173</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3748-f5dde0e3cebf6f45d21a43cfbb06a75efbacdcf22bfa4540abe96e7bcc951e173</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029%2F2012GL051445$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029%2F2012GL051445$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,1433,11514,27924,27925,45574,45575,46409,46468,46833,46892</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=26362956$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Scheidegger, J. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bense, V. F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grasby, S. E.</creatorcontrib><title>Transient nature of Arctic spring systems driven by subglacial meltwater</title><title>Geophysical research letters</title><addtitle>Geophys. Res. Lett</addtitle><description>In the High Arctic, supra‐ and proglacial springs occur at Borup Fiord Pass, Ellesmere Island. Spring waters are sulfur bearing and isotope analysis suggests springs are fed by deeply circulating glacial meltwater. However, the mechanism maintaining spring flow is unclear in these areas of thick permafrost which would hamper the discharge of deep groundwater to the surface. It has been hypothesized that fracture zones along faults focus groundwater which discharges initially underneath wet‐based parts of the ice. With thinning ice, the spring head is exposed to surface temperatures, tens of degrees lower than temperatures of pressure melting, and permafrost starts to develop. Numerical modeling of coupled heat and fluid flow suggest that focused groundwater discharge should eventually be cut off by permafrost encroaching into the feeding channel of the spring. Nevertheless, our model simulations show that these springs can remain flowing for millennia depending on the initial flow rate and ambient surface temperature. These systems might provide a terrestrial analog for the possible occurrence of Martian springs recharged by polar ice caps.
Key Points
Springs surrounded by thick permafrost are of transient nature
Springs in permafrost can persist for millennia
Glacier meltwater fed springs provide a possible analog for springs on Mars</description><subject>Ambient temperature</subject><subject>Arctic hydrogeology</subject><subject>Cryosphere</subject><subject>Earth sciences</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Flow rates</subject><subject>Fluid flow</subject><subject>Groundwater</subject><subject>Groundwater discharge</subject><subject>Hydrology</subject><subject>Ice caps</subject><subject>Meltwater</subject><subject>Permafrost</subject><subject>Sulfur</subject><subject>supraglacial springs</subject><subject>Surface temperature</subject><subject>Water springs</subject><issn>0094-8276</issn><issn>1944-8007</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kE1LAzEQhoMoWKs3f0BAvLmaz93usRTdqlVBKhYvIclOytbttiZba_-9kRbx5Gnm8DzvMC9Cp5RcUsLyK0YoK0ZEUiHkHurQXIikR0i2jzqE5HFnWXqIjkKYEUI44bSDhmOvm1BB0-JGtysPeOFw39u2sjgsfdVMcdiEFuYBl776hAabDQ4rM621rXSN51C3a92CP0YHTtcBTnazi15urseDYTJ6Km4H_VFieSZ6iZNlCQS4BeNSJ2TJqBbcOmNIqjMJzmhbWseYcVpIQbSBPIXMWJtLCjTjXXS2zV36xccKQqtmi5Vv4kkVOxDxL8lIpC62lPWLEDw4FX-Za7-J0A-Xq79dRfx8F6qD1bWLndgq_Dos5SnLZRo5tuXWVQ2bfzNV8TxiOeW9KCVbqYo9fv1K2r-rNOOZVK-PhXp4o_d3cjJRPf4NDReH8Q</recordid><startdate>20120628</startdate><enddate>20120628</enddate><creator>Scheidegger, J. M.</creator><creator>Bense, V. F.</creator><creator>Grasby, S. E.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>American Geophysical Union</general><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20120628</creationdate><title>Transient nature of Arctic spring systems driven by subglacial meltwater</title><author>Scheidegger, J. M. ; Bense, V. F. ; Grasby, S. E.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3748-f5dde0e3cebf6f45d21a43cfbb06a75efbacdcf22bfa4540abe96e7bcc951e173</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Ambient temperature</topic><topic>Arctic hydrogeology</topic><topic>Cryosphere</topic><topic>Earth sciences</topic><topic>Earth, ocean, space</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Flow rates</topic><topic>Fluid flow</topic><topic>Groundwater</topic><topic>Groundwater discharge</topic><topic>Hydrology</topic><topic>Ice caps</topic><topic>Meltwater</topic><topic>Permafrost</topic><topic>Sulfur</topic><topic>supraglacial springs</topic><topic>Surface temperature</topic><topic>Water springs</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Scheidegger, J. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bense, V. 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M.</au><au>Bense, V. F.</au><au>Grasby, S. E.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Transient nature of Arctic spring systems driven by subglacial meltwater</atitle><jtitle>Geophysical research letters</jtitle><addtitle>Geophys. Res. Lett</addtitle><date>2012-06-28</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>39</volume><issue>12</issue><epage>n/a</epage><issn>0094-8276</issn><eissn>1944-8007</eissn><coden>GPRLAJ</coden><abstract>In the High Arctic, supra‐ and proglacial springs occur at Borup Fiord Pass, Ellesmere Island. Spring waters are sulfur bearing and isotope analysis suggests springs are fed by deeply circulating glacial meltwater. However, the mechanism maintaining spring flow is unclear in these areas of thick permafrost which would hamper the discharge of deep groundwater to the surface. It has been hypothesized that fracture zones along faults focus groundwater which discharges initially underneath wet‐based parts of the ice. With thinning ice, the spring head is exposed to surface temperatures, tens of degrees lower than temperatures of pressure melting, and permafrost starts to develop. Numerical modeling of coupled heat and fluid flow suggest that focused groundwater discharge should eventually be cut off by permafrost encroaching into the feeding channel of the spring. Nevertheless, our model simulations show that these springs can remain flowing for millennia depending on the initial flow rate and ambient surface temperature. These systems might provide a terrestrial analog for the possible occurrence of Martian springs recharged by polar ice caps.
Key Points
Springs surrounded by thick permafrost are of transient nature
Springs in permafrost can persist for millennia
Glacier meltwater fed springs provide a possible analog for springs on Mars</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><doi>10.1029/2012GL051445</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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source | Wiley Journals; Wiley Online Library Free Content; Wiley Online Library AGU Free Content; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals |
subjects | Ambient temperature Arctic hydrogeology Cryosphere Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Exact sciences and technology Flow rates Fluid flow Groundwater Groundwater discharge Hydrology Ice caps Meltwater Permafrost Sulfur supraglacial springs Surface temperature Water springs |
title | Transient nature of Arctic spring systems driven by subglacial meltwater |
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