Gαᵢ₁ and Gαᵢ₃ regulate macrophage polarization by forming a complex containing CD14 and Gab1

Significance In this study, we demonstrate that guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 and alpha-3 (Gα ᵢ₁/₃) regulate the downstream signaling pathways of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). We show that Gα ᵢ₁/₃ form complexes containing the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) CD14 and grow...

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Veröffentlicht in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2015-04, Vol.112 (15), p.4731-4736
Hauptverfasser: Li, Xianjing, Wang, Duowei, Chen, Zhen, Lu, Ermei, Wang, Zhuo, Duan, Jingjing, Tian, Wei, Wang, Yun, You, Linjun, Zou, Yulian, Cheng, Yan, Zhu, Qingyi, Wan, Xiaojian, Xi, Tao, Jiang, Meisheng, Han, Yuyuan, Cao, Cong, Birnbaumer, Lutz, Chu, Wen-Ming, Yang, Yong
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container_issue 15
container_start_page 4731
container_title Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS
container_volume 112
creator Li, Xianjing
Wang, Duowei
Chen, Zhen
Lu, Ermei
Wang, Zhuo
Duan, Jingjing
Tian, Wei
Wang, Yun
You, Linjun
Zou, Yulian
Cheng, Yan
Zhu, Qingyi
Wan, Xiaojian
Xi, Tao
Jiang, Meisheng
Han, Yuyuan
Cao, Cong
Birnbaumer, Lutz
Chu, Wen-Ming
Yang, Yong
description Significance In this study, we demonstrate that guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 and alpha-3 (Gα ᵢ₁/₃) regulate the downstream signaling pathways of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). We show that Gα ᵢ₁/₃ form complexes containing the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) CD14 and growth factor receptor binding 2 (Grb2)-associated binding protein (Gab1), which are required for activation of PI3K-Akt signaling and NF-κB activation. Besides, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ act at both the plasma membrane and the endosome levels and are involved in TLR4 endocytosis. Furthermore, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ participated in the induction of M1 polarization of macrophages, and their decreased expression contributed to LPS tolerance. Thus, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ are important in controlling inflammation. Heterotrimeric G proteins have been implicated in Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling in macrophages and endothelial cells. However, whether guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 and alpha-3 (Gα ᵢ₁/₃) are required for LPS responses remains unclear, and if so, the underlying mechanisms need to be studied. In this study, we demonstrated that, in response to LPS, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ form complexes containing the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) CD14 and growth factor receptor binding 2 (Grb2)-associated binding protein (Gab1), which are required for activation of PI3K-Akt signaling. Gα ᵢ₁/₃ deficiency decreased LPS-induced TLR4 endocytosis, which was associated with decreased phosphorylation of IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). Gα ᵢ₁/₃ knockdown in bone marrow-derived macrophage cells (Gα ᵢ₁/₃ KD BMDMs) exhibited an M2-like phenotype with significantly suppressed production of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12, and NO in response to LPS. The altered polarization coincided with decreased Akt activation. Further, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ deficiency caused LPS tolerance in mice. In vitro studies revealed that, in LPS-tolerant macrophages, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ were down-regulated partially by the proteasome pathway. Collectively, the present findings demonstrated that Gα ᵢ₁/₃ can interact with CD14/Gab1, which modulates macrophage polarization in vitro and in vivo.
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We show that Gα ᵢ₁/₃ form complexes containing the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) CD14 and growth factor receptor binding 2 (Grb2)-associated binding protein (Gab1), which are required for activation of PI3K-Akt signaling and NF-κB activation. Besides, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ act at both the plasma membrane and the endosome levels and are involved in TLR4 endocytosis. Furthermore, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ participated in the induction of M1 polarization of macrophages, and their decreased expression contributed to LPS tolerance. Thus, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ are important in controlling inflammation. Heterotrimeric G proteins have been implicated in Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling in macrophages and endothelial cells. However, whether guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 and alpha-3 (Gα ᵢ₁/₃) are required for LPS responses remains unclear, and if so, the underlying mechanisms need to be studied. In this study, we demonstrated that, in response to LPS, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ form complexes containing the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) CD14 and growth factor receptor binding 2 (Grb2)-associated binding protein (Gab1), which are required for activation of PI3K-Akt signaling. Gα ᵢ₁/₃ deficiency decreased LPS-induced TLR4 endocytosis, which was associated with decreased phosphorylation of IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). Gα ᵢ₁/₃ knockdown in bone marrow-derived macrophage cells (Gα ᵢ₁/₃ KD BMDMs) exhibited an M2-like phenotype with significantly suppressed production of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12, and NO in response to LPS. The altered polarization coincided with decreased Akt activation. Further, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ deficiency caused LPS tolerance in mice. In vitro studies revealed that, in LPS-tolerant macrophages, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ were down-regulated partially by the proteasome pathway. Collectively, the present findings demonstrated that Gα ᵢ₁/₃ can interact with CD14/Gab1, which modulates macrophage polarization in vitro and in vivo.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0027-8424</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1091-6490</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1503779112</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25825741</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: National Academy of Sciences</publisher><subject>Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Animals ; Biological Sciences ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cells, Cultured ; endocytosis ; Endocytosis - drug effects ; G-proteins ; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go - genetics ; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go - metabolism ; Humans ; inflammation ; Interleukin-12 - metabolism ; Interleukin-6 - metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors - genetics ; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors - metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides - pharmacology ; macrophages ; Macrophages - drug effects ; Macrophages - metabolism ; Macrophages, Peritoneal - drug effects ; Macrophages, Peritoneal - metabolism ; Mice, 129 Strain ; Mice, Knockout ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism ; Phosphoproteins - genetics ; Phosphoproteins - metabolism ; plasma membrane ; Protein Binding - drug effects ; Protein Subunits - genetics ; Protein Subunits - metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA Interference ; signal transduction ; Survival Analysis ; Toll-like receptor 4 ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 - metabolism ; transcription factor NF-kappa B ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism</subject><ispartof>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2015-04, Vol.112 (15), p.4731-4736</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3892-905131e3932576e987401c9ef66463e45f0201790787bf3cc7a737ece989dac83</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3892-905131e3932576e987401c9ef66463e45f0201790787bf3cc7a737ece989dac83</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Uhttp://www.pnas.org/content/112/15.cover.gif</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4403188/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4403188/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25825741$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Li, Xianjing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Duowei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Zhen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Ermei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Zhuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duan, Jingjing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tian, Wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>You, Linjun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zou, Yulian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cheng, Yan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhu, Qingyi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wan, Xiaojian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xi, Tao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Meisheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Han, Yuyuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cao, Cong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Birnbaumer, Lutz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chu, Wen-Ming</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Yong</creatorcontrib><title>Gαᵢ₁ and Gαᵢ₃ regulate macrophage polarization by forming a complex containing CD14 and Gab1</title><title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</title><addtitle>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</addtitle><description>Significance In this study, we demonstrate that guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 and alpha-3 (Gα ᵢ₁/₃) regulate the downstream signaling pathways of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). We show that Gα ᵢ₁/₃ form complexes containing the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) CD14 and growth factor receptor binding 2 (Grb2)-associated binding protein (Gab1), which are required for activation of PI3K-Akt signaling and NF-κB activation. Besides, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ act at both the plasma membrane and the endosome levels and are involved in TLR4 endocytosis. Furthermore, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ participated in the induction of M1 polarization of macrophages, and their decreased expression contributed to LPS tolerance. Thus, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ are important in controlling inflammation. Heterotrimeric G proteins have been implicated in Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling in macrophages and endothelial cells. However, whether guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 and alpha-3 (Gα ᵢ₁/₃) are required for LPS responses remains unclear, and if so, the underlying mechanisms need to be studied. In this study, we demonstrated that, in response to LPS, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ form complexes containing the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) CD14 and growth factor receptor binding 2 (Grb2)-associated binding protein (Gab1), which are required for activation of PI3K-Akt signaling. Gα ᵢ₁/₃ deficiency decreased LPS-induced TLR4 endocytosis, which was associated with decreased phosphorylation of IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). Gα ᵢ₁/₃ knockdown in bone marrow-derived macrophage cells (Gα ᵢ₁/₃ KD BMDMs) exhibited an M2-like phenotype with significantly suppressed production of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12, and NO in response to LPS. The altered polarization coincided with decreased Akt activation. Further, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ deficiency caused LPS tolerance in mice. In vitro studies revealed that, in LPS-tolerant macrophages, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ were down-regulated partially by the proteasome pathway. Collectively, the present findings demonstrated that Gα ᵢ₁/₃ can interact with CD14/Gab1, which modulates macrophage polarization in vitro and in vivo.</description><subject>Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological Sciences</subject><subject>Blotting, Western</subject><subject>Cell Line, Tumor</subject><subject>Cells, Cultured</subject><subject>endocytosis</subject><subject>Endocytosis - drug effects</subject><subject>G-proteins</subject><subject>GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go - genetics</subject><subject>GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go - metabolism</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>inflammation</subject><subject>Interleukin-12 - metabolism</subject><subject>Interleukin-6 - metabolism</subject><subject>Lipopolysaccharide Receptors - genetics</subject><subject>Lipopolysaccharide Receptors - metabolism</subject><subject>Lipopolysaccharides - pharmacology</subject><subject>macrophages</subject><subject>Macrophages - drug effects</subject><subject>Macrophages - metabolism</subject><subject>Macrophages, Peritoneal - drug effects</subject><subject>Macrophages, Peritoneal - metabolism</subject><subject>Mice, 129 Strain</subject><subject>Mice, Knockout</subject><subject>Microscopy, Confocal</subject><subject>Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism</subject><subject>Phosphoproteins - genetics</subject><subject>Phosphoproteins - metabolism</subject><subject>plasma membrane</subject><subject>Protein Binding - drug effects</subject><subject>Protein Subunits - genetics</subject><subject>Protein Subunits - metabolism</subject><subject>Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction</subject><subject>RNA Interference</subject><subject>signal transduction</subject><subject>Survival Analysis</subject><subject>Toll-like receptor 4</subject><subject>Toll-Like Receptor 4 - metabolism</subject><subject>transcription factor NF-kappa B</subject><subject>Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism</subject><issn>0027-8424</issn><issn>1091-6490</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpVkcFu1DAQhi0EokvhzA1y5JJ2JnZi-4KEFlqQKnFoe7ZmvU4alMTBziLKDfomvAEHXoN3gCfB0W6XcrJsf_PNaH7GniIcIUh-PA4Uj7AELqVGLO6xBYLGvBIa7rMFQCFzJQpxwB7F-AEAdKngITsoSlWUUuCC1ae_fvz--f3Pt68ZDevs9naTBddsOppc1pMNfryixmWj7yi0X2hq_ZCtrrPah74dmowy6_uxc5_TOUzUDvPj8jWKrZNW-Jg9qKmL7snuPGSXJ28ulm_zs_en75avznLLlS5yDSVydFzzNF7ltJIC0GpXV5WouBNlDQWg1CCVXNXcWkmSS2cTqddkFT9kL7fecbPq3dq6YQrUmTG0PYVr46k1__8M7ZVp_CcjBHBUs-DFThD8x42Lk-nbaF3X0eD8JhpUwFN3IXhCj7do2k-MwdX7NghmTsfM6Zh_6aSKZ3en2_O3cSTg-Q6YK_c6LJLFCMnvEDV5Q01oo7k8TzupAJDrQij-F-GEo2M</recordid><startdate>20150414</startdate><enddate>20150414</enddate><creator>Li, Xianjing</creator><creator>Wang, Duowei</creator><creator>Chen, Zhen</creator><creator>Lu, Ermei</creator><creator>Wang, Zhuo</creator><creator>Duan, Jingjing</creator><creator>Tian, Wei</creator><creator>Wang, Yun</creator><creator>You, Linjun</creator><creator>Zou, Yulian</creator><creator>Cheng, Yan</creator><creator>Zhu, Qingyi</creator><creator>Wan, Xiaojian</creator><creator>Xi, Tao</creator><creator>Jiang, Meisheng</creator><creator>Han, Yuyuan</creator><creator>Cao, Cong</creator><creator>Birnbaumer, Lutz</creator><creator>Chu, Wen-Ming</creator><creator>Yang, Yong</creator><general>National Academy of Sciences</general><general>National Acad Sciences</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7S9</scope><scope>L.6</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150414</creationdate><title>Gαᵢ₁ and Gαᵢ₃ regulate macrophage polarization by forming a complex containing CD14 and Gab1</title><author>Li, Xianjing ; Wang, Duowei ; Chen, Zhen ; Lu, Ermei ; Wang, Zhuo ; Duan, Jingjing ; Tian, Wei ; Wang, Yun ; You, Linjun ; Zou, Yulian ; Cheng, Yan ; Zhu, Qingyi ; Wan, Xiaojian ; Xi, Tao ; Jiang, Meisheng ; Han, Yuyuan ; Cao, Cong ; Birnbaumer, Lutz ; Chu, Wen-Ming ; Yang, Yong</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3892-905131e3932576e987401c9ef66463e45f0201790787bf3cc7a737ece989dac83</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological Sciences</topic><topic>Blotting, Western</topic><topic>Cell Line, Tumor</topic><topic>Cells, Cultured</topic><topic>endocytosis</topic><topic>Endocytosis - drug effects</topic><topic>G-proteins</topic><topic>GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go - genetics</topic><topic>GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go - metabolism</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>inflammation</topic><topic>Interleukin-12 - metabolism</topic><topic>Interleukin-6 - metabolism</topic><topic>Lipopolysaccharide Receptors - genetics</topic><topic>Lipopolysaccharide Receptors - metabolism</topic><topic>Lipopolysaccharides - pharmacology</topic><topic>macrophages</topic><topic>Macrophages - drug effects</topic><topic>Macrophages - metabolism</topic><topic>Macrophages, Peritoneal - drug effects</topic><topic>Macrophages, Peritoneal - metabolism</topic><topic>Mice, 129 Strain</topic><topic>Mice, Knockout</topic><topic>Microscopy, Confocal</topic><topic>Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism</topic><topic>Phosphoproteins - genetics</topic><topic>Phosphoproteins - metabolism</topic><topic>plasma membrane</topic><topic>Protein Binding - drug effects</topic><topic>Protein Subunits - genetics</topic><topic>Protein Subunits - metabolism</topic><topic>Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction</topic><topic>RNA Interference</topic><topic>signal transduction</topic><topic>Survival Analysis</topic><topic>Toll-like receptor 4</topic><topic>Toll-Like Receptor 4 - metabolism</topic><topic>transcription factor NF-kappa B</topic><topic>Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Li, Xianjing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Duowei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Zhen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Ermei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Zhuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duan, Jingjing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tian, Wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>You, Linjun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zou, Yulian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cheng, Yan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhu, Qingyi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wan, Xiaojian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xi, Tao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Meisheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Han, Yuyuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cao, Cong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Birnbaumer, Lutz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chu, Wen-Ming</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Yong</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>AGRICOLA</collection><collection>AGRICOLA - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Li, Xianjing</au><au>Wang, Duowei</au><au>Chen, Zhen</au><au>Lu, Ermei</au><au>Wang, Zhuo</au><au>Duan, Jingjing</au><au>Tian, Wei</au><au>Wang, Yun</au><au>You, Linjun</au><au>Zou, Yulian</au><au>Cheng, Yan</au><au>Zhu, Qingyi</au><au>Wan, Xiaojian</au><au>Xi, Tao</au><au>Jiang, Meisheng</au><au>Han, Yuyuan</au><au>Cao, Cong</au><au>Birnbaumer, Lutz</au><au>Chu, Wen-Ming</au><au>Yang, Yong</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Gαᵢ₁ and Gαᵢ₃ regulate macrophage polarization by forming a complex containing CD14 and Gab1</atitle><jtitle>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</jtitle><addtitle>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</addtitle><date>2015-04-14</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>112</volume><issue>15</issue><spage>4731</spage><epage>4736</epage><pages>4731-4736</pages><issn>0027-8424</issn><eissn>1091-6490</eissn><abstract>Significance In this study, we demonstrate that guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 and alpha-3 (Gα ᵢ₁/₃) regulate the downstream signaling pathways of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). We show that Gα ᵢ₁/₃ form complexes containing the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) CD14 and growth factor receptor binding 2 (Grb2)-associated binding protein (Gab1), which are required for activation of PI3K-Akt signaling and NF-κB activation. Besides, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ act at both the plasma membrane and the endosome levels and are involved in TLR4 endocytosis. Furthermore, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ participated in the induction of M1 polarization of macrophages, and their decreased expression contributed to LPS tolerance. Thus, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ are important in controlling inflammation. Heterotrimeric G proteins have been implicated in Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling in macrophages and endothelial cells. However, whether guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 and alpha-3 (Gα ᵢ₁/₃) are required for LPS responses remains unclear, and if so, the underlying mechanisms need to be studied. In this study, we demonstrated that, in response to LPS, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ form complexes containing the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) CD14 and growth factor receptor binding 2 (Grb2)-associated binding protein (Gab1), which are required for activation of PI3K-Akt signaling. Gα ᵢ₁/₃ deficiency decreased LPS-induced TLR4 endocytosis, which was associated with decreased phosphorylation of IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). Gα ᵢ₁/₃ knockdown in bone marrow-derived macrophage cells (Gα ᵢ₁/₃ KD BMDMs) exhibited an M2-like phenotype with significantly suppressed production of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12, and NO in response to LPS. The altered polarization coincided with decreased Akt activation. Further, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ deficiency caused LPS tolerance in mice. In vitro studies revealed that, in LPS-tolerant macrophages, Gα ᵢ₁/₃ were down-regulated partially by the proteasome pathway. Collectively, the present findings demonstrated that Gα ᵢ₁/₃ can interact with CD14/Gab1, which modulates macrophage polarization in vitro and in vivo.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>National Academy of Sciences</pub><pmid>25825741</pmid><doi>10.1073/pnas.1503779112</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
Animals
Biological Sciences
Blotting, Western
Cell Line, Tumor
Cells, Cultured
endocytosis
Endocytosis - drug effects
G-proteins
GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go - genetics
GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go - metabolism
Humans
inflammation
Interleukin-12 - metabolism
Interleukin-6 - metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide Receptors - genetics
Lipopolysaccharide Receptors - metabolism
Lipopolysaccharides - pharmacology
macrophages
Macrophages - drug effects
Macrophages - metabolism
Macrophages, Peritoneal - drug effects
Macrophages, Peritoneal - metabolism
Mice, 129 Strain
Mice, Knockout
Microscopy, Confocal
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism
Phosphoproteins - genetics
Phosphoproteins - metabolism
plasma membrane
Protein Binding - drug effects
Protein Subunits - genetics
Protein Subunits - metabolism
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
RNA Interference
signal transduction
Survival Analysis
Toll-like receptor 4
Toll-Like Receptor 4 - metabolism
transcription factor NF-kappa B
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism
title Gαᵢ₁ and Gαᵢ₃ regulate macrophage polarization by forming a complex containing CD14 and Gab1
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-05T14%3A12%3A19IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pnas_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=G%CE%B1%E1%B5%A2%E2%82%81%20and%20G%CE%B1%E1%B5%A2%E2%82%83%20regulate%20macrophage%20polarization%20by%20forming%20a%20complex%20containing%20CD14%20and%20Gab1&rft.jtitle=Proceedings%20of%20the%20National%20Academy%20of%20Sciences%20-%20PNAS&rft.au=Li,%20Xianjing&rft.date=2015-04-14&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=4731&rft.epage=4736&rft.pages=4731-4736&rft.issn=0027-8424&rft.eissn=1091-6490&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073/pnas.1503779112&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pnas_%3E1803078443%3C/proquest_pnas_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1803078443&rft_id=info:pmid/25825741&rfr_iscdi=true