Community differentiation and kinship among Europe’s first farmers
Community differentiation is a fundamental topic of the social sciences, and its prehistoric origins in Europe are typically assumed to lie among the complex, densely populated societies that developed millennia after their Neolithic predecessors. Here we present the earliest, statistically signific...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2012-06, Vol.109 (24), p.9326-9330 |
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| creator | Bentley, R. Alexander Bickle, Penny Fibiger, Linda Nowell, Geoff M Dale, Christopher W Hedges, Robert E. M Hamilton, Julie Wahl, Joachim Francken, Michael Grupe, Gisela Lenneis, Eva Teschler-Nicola, Maria Arbogast, Rose-Marie Hofmann, Daniela Whittle, Alasdair |
| description | Community differentiation is a fundamental topic of the social sciences, and its prehistoric origins in Europe are typically assumed to lie among the complex, densely populated societies that developed millennia after their Neolithic predecessors. Here we present the earliest, statistically significant evidence for such differentiation among the first farmers of Neolithic Europe. By using strontium isotopic data from more than 300 early Neolithic human skeletons, we find significantly less variance in geographic signatures among males than we find among females, and less variance among burials with ground stone adzes than burials without such adzes. From this, in context with other available evidence, we infer differential land use in early Neolithic central Europe within a patrilocal kinship system. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1073/pnas.1113710109 |
| format | Article |
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Alexander ; Bickle, Penny ; Fibiger, Linda ; Nowell, Geoff M ; Dale, Christopher W ; Hedges, Robert E. M ; Hamilton, Julie ; Wahl, Joachim ; Francken, Michael ; Grupe, Gisela ; Lenneis, Eva ; Teschler-Nicola, Maria ; Arbogast, Rose-Marie ; Hofmann, Daniela ; Whittle, Alasdair</creator><creatorcontrib>Bentley, R. Alexander ; Bickle, Penny ; Fibiger, Linda ; Nowell, Geoff M ; Dale, Christopher W ; Hedges, Robert E. M ; Hamilton, Julie ; Wahl, Joachim ; Francken, Michael ; Grupe, Gisela ; Lenneis, Eva ; Teschler-Nicola, Maria ; Arbogast, Rose-Marie ; Hofmann, Daniela ; Whittle, Alasdair</creatorcontrib><description>Community differentiation is a fundamental topic of the social sciences, and its prehistoric origins in Europe are typically assumed to lie among the complex, densely populated societies that developed millennia after their Neolithic predecessors. Here we present the earliest, statistically significant evidence for such differentiation among the first farmers of Neolithic Europe. By using strontium isotopic data from more than 300 early Neolithic human skeletons, we find significantly less variance in geographic signatures among males than we find among females, and less variance among burials with ground stone adzes than burials without such adzes. From this, in context with other available evidence, we infer differential land use in early Neolithic central Europe within a patrilocal kinship system.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0027-8424</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1091-6490</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1113710109</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22645332</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: National Academy of Sciences</publisher><subject>Adzes ; Agriculture ; Central European region ; Community ; Crops ; Europe ; Family ; Farmers ; Female ; females ; Geography ; History, Ancient ; Human genetics ; Humans ; Isotopes ; kinship ; Land use ; Loess ; Loess soils ; Male ; males ; Signatures ; Skeleton ; Social Sciences ; Statistical variance ; strontium ; Strontium isotopes ; Tooth enamel ; variance</subject><ispartof>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2012-06, Vol.109 (24), p.9326-9330</ispartof><rights>copyright © 1993-2008 National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</rights><rights>Copyright National Academy of Sciences Jun 12, 2012</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c524t-daff3c728b09c89784fa48f43091f746d45e9a9bfc0dcab9146c0b4ce9241e343</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c524t-daff3c728b09c89784fa48f43091f746d45e9a9bfc0dcab9146c0b4ce9241e343</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Uhttp://www.pnas.org/content/109/24.cover.gif</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/41602662$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/41602662$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,799,881,27901,27902,53766,53768,57992,58225</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22645332$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bentley, R. Alexander</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bickle, Penny</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fibiger, Linda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nowell, Geoff M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dale, Christopher W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hedges, Robert E. 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Here we present the earliest, statistically significant evidence for such differentiation among the first farmers of Neolithic Europe. By using strontium isotopic data from more than 300 early Neolithic human skeletons, we find significantly less variance in geographic signatures among males than we find among females, and less variance among burials with ground stone adzes than burials without such adzes. From this, in context with other available evidence, we infer differential land use in early Neolithic central Europe within a patrilocal kinship system.</description><subject>Adzes</subject><subject>Agriculture</subject><subject>Central European region</subject><subject>Community</subject><subject>Crops</subject><subject>Europe</subject><subject>Family</subject><subject>Farmers</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>females</subject><subject>Geography</subject><subject>History, Ancient</subject><subject>Human genetics</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Isotopes</subject><subject>kinship</subject><subject>Land use</subject><subject>Loess</subject><subject>Loess soils</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>males</subject><subject>Signatures</subject><subject>Skeleton</subject><subject>Social Sciences</subject><subject>Statistical variance</subject><subject>strontium</subject><subject>Strontium isotopes</subject><subject>Tooth enamel</subject><subject>variance</subject><issn>0027-8424</issn><issn>1091-6490</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkb1uFDEURi0EIkugpgJGokkzyfXPeOwGCS1JQIpEAaktj8feeNmxB3sGKR2vwevxJHi1m02gobGLe-7RZ38IvcRwiqGlZ2PQ-RRjTFsMGOQjtCgnrjmT8BgtAEhbC0bYEXqW8xoAZCPgKToihLOGUrJAH5ZxGObgp9uq987ZZMPk9eRjqHToq28-5Bs_VnqIYVWdzymO9vfPX7lyPuWpcjoNNuXn6InTm2xf7O9jdH1x_nX5sb76fPlp-f6qNg1hU91r56hpiehAGiFbwZxmwjFaIruW8Z41VmrZOQO90Z3EjBvomLGSMGwpo8fo3c47zt1ge1OyJr1RY_KDTrcqaq_-ngR_o1bxh6JUcOBNEZzsBSl-n22e1OCzsZuNDjbOWWEBFDcNlu3_USDQgGhbXNC3_6DrOKdQfmJHcS6EKNTZjjIp5pysO-TGoLZlqm2Z6r7MsvH64XMP_F17BXizB7ab9zqpCFOSEl6IVztinaeYDgjDHAjnDwxOR6VXyWd1_YVAGQMmgktJ_wBlxbj8</recordid><startdate>20120612</startdate><enddate>20120612</enddate><creator>Bentley, R. 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| subjects | Adzes Agriculture Central European region Community Crops Europe Family Farmers Female females Geography History, Ancient Human genetics Humans Isotopes kinship Land use Loess Loess soils Male males Signatures Skeleton Social Sciences Statistical variance strontium Strontium isotopes Tooth enamel variance |
| title | Community differentiation and kinship among Europe’s first farmers |
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