Statistical mechanics for natural flocks of birds
Flocking is a typical example of emergent collective behavior, where interactions between individuals produce collective patterns on the large scale. Here we show how a quantitative microscopic theory for directional ordering in a flock can be derived directly from field data. We construct the minim...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2012-03, Vol.109 (13), p.4786-4791 |
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| container_title | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS |
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| creator | Bialek, William Cavagna, Andrea Giardina, Irene Mora, Thierry Silvestri, Edmondo Viale, Massimiliano Walczak, Aleksandra M |
| description | Flocking is a typical example of emergent collective behavior, where interactions between individuals produce collective patterns on the large scale. Here we show how a quantitative microscopic theory for directional ordering in a flock can be derived directly from field data. We construct the minimally structured (maximum entropy) model consistent with experimental correlations in large flocks of starlings. The maximum entropy model shows that local, pairwise interactions between birds are sufficient to correctly predict the propagation of order throughout entire flocks of starlings, with no free parameters. We also find that the number of interacting neighbors is independent of flock density, confirming that interactions are ruled by topological rather than metric distance. Finally, by comparing flocks of different sizes, the model correctly accounts for the observed scale invariance of long-range correlations among the fluctuations in flight direction. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1073/pnas.1118633109 |
| format | Article |
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Here we show how a quantitative microscopic theory for directional ordering in a flock can be derived directly from field data. We construct the minimally structured (maximum entropy) model consistent with experimental correlations in large flocks of starlings. The maximum entropy model shows that local, pairwise interactions between birds are sufficient to correctly predict the propagation of order throughout entire flocks of starlings, with no free parameters. We also find that the number of interacting neighbors is independent of flock density, confirming that interactions are ruled by topological rather than metric distance. 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| subjects | Aerial locomotion Animal behavior Animals Biological Sciences Biomechanical Phenomena Birds Correlations Entropy flight Flight, Animal Flight, Animal - physiology Flocks group behavior Maximum entropy method mechanics Modeling Models, Biological Models, Statistical Neighborhoods Parametric models Physical Sciences physiology Starlings Starlings - physiology Statistical mechanics Sturnidae Topology |
| title | Statistical mechanics for natural flocks of birds |
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