Relationship between floating toe score and performance in track and field athletes
This study explored the relationship between floating toes and athletic performance among collegiate track and field athletes. A total of 422 athletes (sprinters, jumpers, and distance runners) and 136 controls participated in this study. Plantar surface images were captured using a specially design...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2025-01, Vol.20 (1), p.e0314087 |
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| creator | Yamazaki, Yohei Noro, Hiroaki Hata, Keiichiro Ishikawa, Misato Inaba, Hiyo Yamazaki, Kazuhiko Murayama, Ryoichi Arikawa, Hideyuki Miyamoto, Aya Yanagiya, Toshio |
| description | This study explored the relationship between floating toes and athletic performance among collegiate track and field athletes. A total of 422 athletes (sprinters, jumpers, and distance runners) and 136 controls participated in this study. Plantar surface images were captured using a specially designed foot scanner during standing to calculate the floating toe score. The score, which sums the floating toe points of all toes, categorizes them into 'floating toe', 'incomplete contact', or 'normal toe'. The World Athletics score served as a measure of athletic performance. Overall, collegiate track and field athletes had a significantly higher mean floating toe score (14.22 ± 4.87 points) than controls (11.06 ± 6.05 points) (p < 0.05), suggesting that fewer floating toes may confer a performance advantage. Within the track and field events, sprinters and jumpers showed significantly higher floating toe scores than distance runners (p < 0.05), emphasizing the variations in floating toes across different events. Although no significant correlation between floating toe score and World Athletics score was observed overall, a significantly negative correlation was found among distance runners (r = -0.25, p = 0.006), indicating that distance runners with higher athletic performance tend to have more pronounced floating toes. These findings suggest a nuanced relationship between floating toes and various aspects of track and field performance, particularly in distance running. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0314087 |
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A total of 422 athletes (sprinters, jumpers, and distance runners) and 136 controls participated in this study. Plantar surface images were captured using a specially designed foot scanner during standing to calculate the floating toe score. The score, which sums the floating toe points of all toes, categorizes them into 'floating toe', 'incomplete contact', or 'normal toe'. The World Athletics score served as a measure of athletic performance. Overall, collegiate track and field athletes had a significantly higher mean floating toe score (14.22 ± 4.87 points) than controls (11.06 ± 6.05 points) (p < 0.05), suggesting that fewer floating toes may confer a performance advantage. Within the track and field events, sprinters and jumpers showed significantly higher floating toe scores than distance runners (p < 0.05), emphasizing the variations in floating toes across different events. Although no significant correlation between floating toe score and World Athletics score was observed overall, a significantly negative correlation was found among distance runners (r = -0.25, p = 0.006), indicating that distance runners with higher athletic performance tend to have more pronounced floating toes. These findings suggest a nuanced relationship between floating toes and various aspects of track and field performance, particularly in distance running.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0314087</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39854371</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Abnormalities ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Athletes ; Athletic Performance - physiology ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Colleges & universities ; Computer and Information Sciences ; Engineering and Technology ; Evaluation ; Female ; Fingers & toes ; Foot ; Health aspects ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Pressure distribution ; Running ; Running - physiology ; Scanners ; Social Sciences ; Software ; Sport science ; Sports ; Toe ; Toes ; Track & field ; Track and Field ; Track and field athletes ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2025-01, Vol.20 (1), p.e0314087</ispartof><rights>Copyright: © 2025 Yamazaki et al. 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This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4877-50cc24b79927f05329649308ff2863c9dd0bd00e245f3305ff5c27d38b0d9dc23</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-2710-9391 ; 0000-0002-4299-6294 ; 0000-0002-5360-4305 ; 0009-0001-5799-9359 ; 0000-0003-0140-0973</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11761107/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11761107/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79342,79343</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39854371$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yamazaki, Yohei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Noro, Hiroaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hata, Keiichiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ishikawa, Misato</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Inaba, Hiyo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yamazaki, Kazuhiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Murayama, Ryoichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arikawa, Hideyuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miyamoto, Aya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yanagiya, Toshio</creatorcontrib><title>Relationship between floating toe score and performance in track and field athletes</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>This study explored the relationship between floating toes and athletic performance among collegiate track and field athletes. A total of 422 athletes (sprinters, jumpers, and distance runners) and 136 controls participated in this study. Plantar surface images were captured using a specially designed foot scanner during standing to calculate the floating toe score. The score, which sums the floating toe points of all toes, categorizes them into 'floating toe', 'incomplete contact', or 'normal toe'. The World Athletics score served as a measure of athletic performance. Overall, collegiate track and field athletes had a significantly higher mean floating toe score (14.22 ± 4.87 points) than controls (11.06 ± 6.05 points) (p < 0.05), suggesting that fewer floating toes may confer a performance advantage. Within the track and field events, sprinters and jumpers showed significantly higher floating toe scores than distance runners (p < 0.05), emphasizing the variations in floating toes across different events. Although no significant correlation between floating toe score and World Athletics score was observed overall, a significantly negative correlation was found among distance runners (r = -0.25, p = 0.006), indicating that distance runners with higher athletic performance tend to have more pronounced floating toes. These findings suggest a nuanced relationship between floating toes and various aspects of track and field performance, particularly in distance running.</description><subject>Abnormalities</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Athletes</subject><subject>Athletic Performance - physiology</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Colleges & universities</subject><subject>Computer and Information Sciences</subject><subject>Engineering and Technology</subject><subject>Evaluation</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fingers & toes</subject><subject>Foot</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Pressure distribution</subject><subject>Running</subject><subject>Running - physiology</subject><subject>Scanners</subject><subject>Social Sciences</subject><subject>Software</subject><subject>Sport 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Hiyo</au><au>Yamazaki, Kazuhiko</au><au>Murayama, Ryoichi</au><au>Arikawa, Hideyuki</au><au>Miyamoto, Aya</au><au>Yanagiya, Toshio</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Relationship between floating toe score and performance in track and field athletes</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2025-01-24</date><risdate>2025</risdate><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>e0314087</spage><pages>e0314087-</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>This study explored the relationship between floating toes and athletic performance among collegiate track and field athletes. A total of 422 athletes (sprinters, jumpers, and distance runners) and 136 controls participated in this study. Plantar surface images were captured using a specially designed foot scanner during standing to calculate the floating toe score. The score, which sums the floating toe points of all toes, categorizes them into 'floating toe', 'incomplete contact', or 'normal toe'. The World Athletics score served as a measure of athletic performance. Overall, collegiate track and field athletes had a significantly higher mean floating toe score (14.22 ± 4.87 points) than controls (11.06 ± 6.05 points) (p < 0.05), suggesting that fewer floating toes may confer a performance advantage. Within the track and field events, sprinters and jumpers showed significantly higher floating toe scores than distance runners (p < 0.05), emphasizing the variations in floating toes across different events. Although no significant correlation between floating toe score and World Athletics score was observed overall, a significantly negative correlation was found among distance runners (r = -0.25, p = 0.006), indicating that distance runners with higher athletic performance tend to have more pronounced floating toes. These findings suggest a nuanced relationship between floating toes and various aspects of track and field performance, particularly in distance running.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>39854371</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0314087</doi><tpages>e0314087</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2710-9391</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4299-6294</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5360-4305</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5799-9359</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0140-0973</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Abnormalities Adolescent Adult Athletes Athletic Performance - physiology Biology and Life Sciences Colleges & universities Computer and Information Sciences Engineering and Technology Evaluation Female Fingers & toes Foot Health aspects Humans Male Medicine and Health Sciences Pressure distribution Running Running - physiology Scanners Social Sciences Software Sport science Sports Toe Toes Track & field Track and Field Track and field athletes Young Adult |
| title | Relationship between floating toe score and performance in track and field athletes |
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