Effect of curing temperature freeze-thaw failure mechanism and damage model of equal-strength air-entrained concrete
The Belt and Road strategy has significantly advanced the scale of infrastructure construction in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau permafrost area. Consequently, this demands higher requirements on the strength and frost resistance of concrete (FRC) cured under low-temperature and negative-temperature cond...
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| description | The Belt and Road strategy has significantly advanced the scale of infrastructure construction in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau permafrost area. Consequently, this demands higher requirements on the strength and frost resistance of concrete (FRC) cured under low-temperature and negative-temperature conditions. Accordingly, in this study, tests on the mechanical properties and FRC were conducted under standard curing, 5 °C curing, and -3 °C curing conditions. The pore structure characteristics of concrete subjected to freeze-thaw (F-T) damage (FTD) under different curing methods were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance. The study results show that when the air content is constant, the compressive strength of concrete (CSC) tends to decrease with the curing temperature. Moreover, the occurrence of an age lag phenomenon is evident. The compressive strength of concrete cured under standard curing for 28-d was comparable to that achieved by concrete cured at 5 °C curing for 56-d and at -3 °C curing for 84-d. Under the same curing conditions, the CSC decreases with increasing air content. Observations revealed that with the air content in the concrete set at 0.08%, the material's compressive strength was at its minimum. As the number of F-T cycles increases, the concrete transverse relaxation time (T2) curve shifts to the right, and the proportion of both harmful and multi-harmful pores increases. Based on the same CSC under different curing methods, the FRC under 5 °C curing and -3 °C curing conditions is considerably lower than that under standard curing conditions. Moreover, the FRC exhibits an increasing and then a decreasing trend with increasing air content. Concrete exhibits the best frost resistance when the air content is 3.6%. It was established that an optimal range exists for air content in concrete. If the air content is too low, there is only a slight improvement in the FRC. Conversely, if the air content was excessively high, it leads to a significant decrease in frost resistance. Further, this study establishes an FTD model for concrete under 5 °C curing and -3 °C curing conditions considering the compressive strength factors of concrete under standard curing conditions for 28-d. This study is anticipated to be used as reference for determining the FRC cured under different temperatures. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0312890 |
| format | Article |
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Consequently, this demands higher requirements on the strength and frost resistance of concrete (FRC) cured under low-temperature and negative-temperature conditions. Accordingly, in this study, tests on the mechanical properties and FRC were conducted under standard curing, 5 °C curing, and -3 °C curing conditions. The pore structure characteristics of concrete subjected to freeze-thaw (F-T) damage (FTD) under different curing methods were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance. The study results show that when the air content is constant, the compressive strength of concrete (CSC) tends to decrease with the curing temperature. Moreover, the occurrence of an age lag phenomenon is evident. The compressive strength of concrete cured under standard curing for 28-d was comparable to that achieved by concrete cured at 5 °C curing for 56-d and at -3 °C curing for 84-d. Under the same curing conditions, the CSC decreases with increasing air content. Observations revealed that with the air content in the concrete set at 0.08%, the material's compressive strength was at its minimum. As the number of F-T cycles increases, the concrete transverse relaxation time (T2) curve shifts to the right, and the proportion of both harmful and multi-harmful pores increases. Based on the same CSC under different curing methods, the FRC under 5 °C curing and -3 °C curing conditions is considerably lower than that under standard curing conditions. Moreover, the FRC exhibits an increasing and then a decreasing trend with increasing air content. Concrete exhibits the best frost resistance when the air content is 3.6%. It was established that an optimal range exists for air content in concrete. If the air content is too low, there is only a slight improvement in the FRC. Conversely, if the air content was excessively high, it leads to a significant decrease in frost resistance. Further, this study establishes an FTD model for concrete under 5 °C curing and -3 °C curing conditions considering the compressive strength factors of concrete under standard curing conditions for 28-d. This study is anticipated to be used as reference for determining the FRC cured under different temperatures.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0312890</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39724217</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Air - analysis ; Air Content ; Air entrainment ; Air temperature ; Analysis ; Cement ; Compressive Strength ; Concrete ; Concrete construction ; Construction Materials ; Curing ; Damage assessment ; Failure mechanisms ; Freeze-thaw ; Freezing ; Frontotemporal dementia ; Frost ; Frost damage ; Frost resistance ; Hydration ; Low temperature ; Low temperature resistance ; Magnetic resonance ; Materials Testing ; Mechanical properties ; Metal fatigue ; NMR ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Permafrost ; Physical Sciences ; Reinforced concrete ; Relaxation time ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Temperature ; Temperature effects ; Temperature requirements</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2024-12, Vol.19 (12), p.e0312890</ispartof><rights>Copyright: © 2024 Liu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2024 Liu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2024 Liu et al 2024 Liu et al</rights><rights>2024 Liu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5230-293c3432fc67d7cdea2be8733448669ebe899880aa5c085aa566737387d89f013</cites><orcidid>0009-0004-7389-433X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11671025/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11671025/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79343,79344</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39724217$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Liu, YongHe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Bo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guo, Aojun</creatorcontrib><title>Effect of curing temperature freeze-thaw failure mechanism and damage model of equal-strength air-entrained concrete</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>The Belt and Road strategy has significantly advanced the scale of infrastructure construction in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau permafrost area. Consequently, this demands higher requirements on the strength and frost resistance of concrete (FRC) cured under low-temperature and negative-temperature conditions. Accordingly, in this study, tests on the mechanical properties and FRC were conducted under standard curing, 5 °C curing, and -3 °C curing conditions. The pore structure characteristics of concrete subjected to freeze-thaw (F-T) damage (FTD) under different curing methods were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance. The study results show that when the air content is constant, the compressive strength of concrete (CSC) tends to decrease with the curing temperature. Moreover, the occurrence of an age lag phenomenon is evident. The compressive strength of concrete cured under standard curing for 28-d was comparable to that achieved by concrete cured at 5 °C curing for 56-d and at -3 °C curing for 84-d. Under the same curing conditions, the CSC decreases with increasing air content. Observations revealed that with the air content in the concrete set at 0.08%, the material's compressive strength was at its minimum. As the number of F-T cycles increases, the concrete transverse relaxation time (T2) curve shifts to the right, and the proportion of both harmful and multi-harmful pores increases. Based on the same CSC under different curing methods, the FRC under 5 °C curing and -3 °C curing conditions is considerably lower than that under standard curing conditions. Moreover, the FRC exhibits an increasing and then a decreasing trend with increasing air content. Concrete exhibits the best frost resistance when the air content is 3.6%. It was established that an optimal range exists for air content in concrete. If the air content is too low, there is only a slight improvement in the FRC. Conversely, if the air content was excessively high, it leads to a significant decrease in frost resistance. Further, this study establishes an FTD model for concrete under 5 °C curing and -3 °C curing conditions considering the compressive strength factors of concrete under standard curing conditions for 28-d. This study is anticipated to be used as reference for determining the FRC cured under different temperatures.</description><subject>Air - analysis</subject><subject>Air Content</subject><subject>Air entrainment</subject><subject>Air temperature</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Cement</subject><subject>Compressive Strength</subject><subject>Concrete</subject><subject>Concrete construction</subject><subject>Construction Materials</subject><subject>Curing</subject><subject>Damage assessment</subject><subject>Failure mechanisms</subject><subject>Freeze-thaw</subject><subject>Freezing</subject><subject>Frontotemporal dementia</subject><subject>Frost</subject><subject>Frost damage</subject><subject>Frost resistance</subject><subject>Hydration</subject><subject>Low temperature</subject><subject>Low temperature resistance</subject><subject>Magnetic resonance</subject><subject>Materials Testing</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Metal fatigue</subject><subject>NMR</subject><subject>Nuclear magnetic resonance</subject><subject>Permafrost</subject><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subject>Reinforced concrete</subject><subject>Relaxation time</subject><subject>Research and Analysis Methods</subject><subject>Temperature</subject><subject>Temperature effects</subject><subject>Temperature requirements</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk1trFDEUxwdRbK1-A9EBQfRh1lzmknmSUqouFAreXkM2czKbkkm2ScbbpzfTnZYd6YPkIcnJ7_yT_wkny55jtMK0we-u3OitMKuds7BCFBPWogfZMW4pKWqC6MOD9VH2JIQrhCrK6vpxdkTbhpQEN8dZPFcKZMydyuXote3zCMMOvIijh1x5gD9QxK34mSuhzRQbQG6F1WHIhe3yTgyiT0HXgZlE4HoUpgjRg-3jNhfaF2CjF9pCl0tnpYcIT7NHSpgAz-b5JPv24fzr2afi4vLj-uz0opAVoaggLZW0pETJuuka2YEgG2ANpWWZbLSQNm3LGBKikohVaarrhjaUNR1rFcL0JHu5190ZF_hcsMApLtuSIcJoItZ7onPiiu-8HoT_zZ3Q_CbgfM-Fj1oa4LiWqmsJoGZTlkTKTccqRbAkFCQuxaT1fr5t3AzQyRvfZiG6PLF6y3v3g2NcNxiRKim8mRW8ux4hRD7oIMEYYcGN-4dXZbLaJPTVP-j99maqF8mBtsqli-Ukyk8ZwZRRxOpEre6h0uhg0OnPQOkUXyS8XSQkJsKv2IsxBL7-8vn_2cvvS_b1AbsFYeI2ODNG7WxYguUelN6F4EHdVRkjPnXHbTX41B187o6U9uLwh-6SbtuB_gX6XgpV</recordid><startdate>20241226</startdate><enddate>20241226</enddate><creator>Liu, YongHe</creator><creator>Yang, Bo</creator><creator>Guo, Aojun</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7389-433X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20241226</creationdate><title>Effect of curing temperature freeze-thaw failure mechanism and damage model of equal-strength air-entrained concrete</title><author>Liu, YongHe ; Yang, Bo ; Guo, Aojun</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5230-293c3432fc67d7cdea2be8733448669ebe899880aa5c085aa566737387d89f013</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Air - analysis</topic><topic>Air Content</topic><topic>Air entrainment</topic><topic>Air temperature</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Cement</topic><topic>Compressive Strength</topic><topic>Concrete</topic><topic>Concrete construction</topic><topic>Construction Materials</topic><topic>Curing</topic><topic>Damage assessment</topic><topic>Failure mechanisms</topic><topic>Freeze-thaw</topic><topic>Freezing</topic><topic>Frontotemporal dementia</topic><topic>Frost</topic><topic>Frost damage</topic><topic>Frost resistance</topic><topic>Hydration</topic><topic>Low temperature</topic><topic>Low temperature resistance</topic><topic>Magnetic resonance</topic><topic>Materials Testing</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Metal fatigue</topic><topic>NMR</topic><topic>Nuclear magnetic resonance</topic><topic>Permafrost</topic><topic>Physical Sciences</topic><topic>Reinforced concrete</topic><topic>Relaxation time</topic><topic>Research and Analysis Methods</topic><topic>Temperature</topic><topic>Temperature effects</topic><topic>Temperature requirements</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Liu, YongHe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Bo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guo, Aojun</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Liu, YongHe</au><au>Yang, Bo</au><au>Guo, Aojun</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effect of curing temperature freeze-thaw failure mechanism and damage model of equal-strength air-entrained concrete</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2024-12-26</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>19</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>e0312890</spage><pages>e0312890-</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>The Belt and Road strategy has significantly advanced the scale of infrastructure construction in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau permafrost area. Consequently, this demands higher requirements on the strength and frost resistance of concrete (FRC) cured under low-temperature and negative-temperature conditions. Accordingly, in this study, tests on the mechanical properties and FRC were conducted under standard curing, 5 °C curing, and -3 °C curing conditions. The pore structure characteristics of concrete subjected to freeze-thaw (F-T) damage (FTD) under different curing methods were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance. The study results show that when the air content is constant, the compressive strength of concrete (CSC) tends to decrease with the curing temperature. Moreover, the occurrence of an age lag phenomenon is evident. The compressive strength of concrete cured under standard curing for 28-d was comparable to that achieved by concrete cured at 5 °C curing for 56-d and at -3 °C curing for 84-d. Under the same curing conditions, the CSC decreases with increasing air content. Observations revealed that with the air content in the concrete set at 0.08%, the material's compressive strength was at its minimum. As the number of F-T cycles increases, the concrete transverse relaxation time (T2) curve shifts to the right, and the proportion of both harmful and multi-harmful pores increases. Based on the same CSC under different curing methods, the FRC under 5 °C curing and -3 °C curing conditions is considerably lower than that under standard curing conditions. Moreover, the FRC exhibits an increasing and then a decreasing trend with increasing air content. Concrete exhibits the best frost resistance when the air content is 3.6%. It was established that an optimal range exists for air content in concrete. If the air content is too low, there is only a slight improvement in the FRC. Conversely, if the air content was excessively high, it leads to a significant decrease in frost resistance. Further, this study establishes an FTD model for concrete under 5 °C curing and -3 °C curing conditions considering the compressive strength factors of concrete under standard curing conditions for 28-d. This study is anticipated to be used as reference for determining the FRC cured under different temperatures.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>39724217</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0312890</doi><tpages>e0312890</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7389-433X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Air - analysis Air Content Air entrainment Air temperature Analysis Cement Compressive Strength Concrete Concrete construction Construction Materials Curing Damage assessment Failure mechanisms Freeze-thaw Freezing Frontotemporal dementia Frost Frost damage Frost resistance Hydration Low temperature Low temperature resistance Magnetic resonance Materials Testing Mechanical properties Metal fatigue NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance Permafrost Physical Sciences Reinforced concrete Relaxation time Research and Analysis Methods Temperature Temperature effects Temperature requirements |
| title | Effect of curing temperature freeze-thaw failure mechanism and damage model of equal-strength air-entrained concrete |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-02T21%3A33%3A16IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Effect%20of%20curing%20temperature%20freeze-thaw%20failure%20mechanism%20and%20damage%20model%20of%20equal-strength%20air-entrained%20concrete&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Liu,%20YongHe&rft.date=2024-12-26&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=e0312890&rft.pages=e0312890-&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0312890&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA821383086%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=3149480283&rft_id=info:pmid/39724217&rft_galeid=A821383086&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_16cfd92e07b442ccbd85f21c23ec14a3&rfr_iscdi=true |