"I probably shouldn't go in today": Inequitable access to paid sick leave and its impacts on health behaviors during the emergence of COVID-19 in the Seattle area
This study examines inequities in access to paid sick leave (PSL) by race/ethnicity, income, and sex and the role of PSL access on leave-taking and care-seeking behaviors among Seattle-area workers in the months leading up to and during the emergence of COVID-19 in the region. Survey responses were...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2024-09, Vol.19 (9), p.e0307734 |
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| creator | Iwu, Chidozie D Cox, Sarah N Sohlberg, Sarah L Kim, Ashley E Logue, Jennifer Han, Peter D Sibley, Thomas R Ilcisin, Misja Fay, Kairsten A Lee, Jover McCulloch, Denise J Wang, Yongzhe Boeckh, Michael Englund, Janet A Starita, Lea M Hajat, Anjum Chu, Helen Y |
| description | This study examines inequities in access to paid sick leave (PSL) by race/ethnicity, income, and sex and the role of PSL access on leave-taking and care-seeking behaviors among Seattle-area workers in the months leading up to and during the emergence of COVID-19 in the region. Survey responses were collected online and in-person from individuals experiencing acute respiratory illness symptoms between November 2019 and March 2020 as part of a community-based respiratory viral surveillance study. Chi-square tests and log-binomial models were used to assess the association between PSL access and various socioeconomic indicators. A total of 66.6% (n = 2,276) respondents reported access to PSL. Proportionally, access to PSL was highest in respondents identifying as Asian (70.5%), followed by White (68.7%), Latine (58.4%), Multiracial (57.1%), Black (47.1%), and Other (43.1%). Access to PSL increased with household income. Eighty three percent of high-income respondents reported access compared to 52.9% of low-income households. Only 23.3% of the lowest-income households reported access to PSL. Fewer females (65.2%) than males (70.7%) reported access to PSL. Access to PSL is inequitably distributed across income, race/ethnicity, and sex. This study reinforces the vast body of knowledge on how socioeconomic inequalities increase individual and community-level vulnerability to the impacts of infectious disease outbreaks. It also supports the role of labor and economic policy in mitigating (or exacerbating) these impacts. Exemplified by the COVID-19 pandemic, universal access to PSL, especially for marginalized populations, benefits all. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0307734 |
| format | Article |
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Survey responses were collected online and in-person from individuals experiencing acute respiratory illness symptoms between November 2019 and March 2020 as part of a community-based respiratory viral surveillance study. Chi-square tests and log-binomial models were used to assess the association between PSL access and various socioeconomic indicators. A total of 66.6% (n = 2,276) respondents reported access to PSL. Proportionally, access to PSL was highest in respondents identifying as Asian (70.5%), followed by White (68.7%), Latine (58.4%), Multiracial (57.1%), Black (47.1%), and Other (43.1%). Access to PSL increased with household income. Eighty three percent of high-income respondents reported access compared to 52.9% of low-income households. Only 23.3% of the lowest-income households reported access to PSL. Fewer females (65.2%) than males (70.7%) reported access to PSL. Access to PSL is inequitably distributed across income, race/ethnicity, and sex. This study reinforces the vast body of knowledge on how socioeconomic inequalities increase individual and community-level vulnerability to the impacts of infectious disease outbreaks. It also supports the role of labor and economic policy in mitigating (or exacerbating) these impacts. Exemplified by the COVID-19 pandemic, universal access to PSL, especially for marginalized populations, benefits all.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307734</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39255259</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Access ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Analysis ; Control ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 - epidemiology ; Disease susceptibility ; Economic policy ; Employee benefits ; Enrollments ; Epidemics ; Ethnicity ; Evaluation ; Female ; Females ; Health Behavior ; Households ; Humans ; Income ; Infectious diseases ; Influenza ; Male ; Marginalized groups ; Mathematical models ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Middle Aged ; Minority & ethnic groups ; Pandemics ; People and Places ; Public health ; Race ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Respondents ; Responses ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Sex ; Sick leave ; Sick Leave - economics ; Sick Leave - statistics & numerical data ; Social Sciences ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Socioeconomics ; Surveillance ; Surveys ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United States ; Viral diseases ; Washington - epidemiology ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2024-09, Vol.19 (9), p.e0307734</ispartof><rights>Copyright: © 2024 Iwu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2024 Iwu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2024 Iwu et al 2024 Iwu et al</rights><rights>2024 Iwu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c506t-ac56121293e55773c0a2481c7f8da50863f33504c56d2b7824306e792f53be0a3</cites><orcidid>0009-0006-8771-7451 ; 0000-0001-5721-6425</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11386467/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11386467/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2915,23845,27843,27901,27902,53766,53768,79343,79344</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39255259$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Iwu, Chidozie D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cox, Sarah N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sohlberg, Sarah L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Ashley E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Logue, Jennifer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Han, Peter D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sibley, Thomas R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ilcisin, Misja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fay, Kairsten A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Jover</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McCulloch, Denise J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yongzhe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boeckh, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Englund, Janet A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Starita, Lea M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hajat, Anjum</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chu, Helen Y</creatorcontrib><title>"I probably shouldn't go in today": Inequitable access to paid sick leave and its impacts on health behaviors during the emergence of COVID-19 in the Seattle area</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>This study examines inequities in access to paid sick leave (PSL) by race/ethnicity, income, and sex and the role of PSL access on leave-taking and care-seeking behaviors among Seattle-area workers in the months leading up to and during the emergence of COVID-19 in the region. Survey responses were collected online and in-person from individuals experiencing acute respiratory illness symptoms between November 2019 and March 2020 as part of a community-based respiratory viral surveillance study. Chi-square tests and log-binomial models were used to assess the association between PSL access and various socioeconomic indicators. A total of 66.6% (n = 2,276) respondents reported access to PSL. Proportionally, access to PSL was highest in respondents identifying as Asian (70.5%), followed by White (68.7%), Latine (58.4%), Multiracial (57.1%), Black (47.1%), and Other (43.1%). Access to PSL increased with household income. Eighty three percent of high-income respondents reported access compared to 52.9% of low-income households. Only 23.3% of the lowest-income households reported access to PSL. Fewer females (65.2%) than males (70.7%) reported access to PSL. Access to PSL is inequitably distributed across income, race/ethnicity, and sex. This study reinforces the vast body of knowledge on how socioeconomic inequalities increase individual and community-level vulnerability to the impacts of infectious disease outbreaks. It also supports the role of labor and economic policy in mitigating (or exacerbating) these impacts. 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Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Iwu, Chidozie D</au><au>Cox, Sarah N</au><au>Sohlberg, Sarah L</au><au>Kim, Ashley E</au><au>Logue, Jennifer</au><au>Han, Peter D</au><au>Sibley, Thomas R</au><au>Ilcisin, Misja</au><au>Fay, Kairsten A</au><au>Lee, Jover</au><au>McCulloch, Denise J</au><au>Wang, Yongzhe</au><au>Boeckh, Michael</au><au>Englund, Janet A</au><au>Starita, Lea M</au><au>Hajat, Anjum</au><au>Chu, Helen Y</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>"I probably shouldn't go in today": Inequitable access to paid sick leave and its impacts on health behaviors during the emergence of COVID-19 in the Seattle area</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2024-09-10</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>19</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>e0307734</spage><pages>e0307734-</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>This study examines inequities in access to paid sick leave (PSL) by race/ethnicity, income, and sex and the role of PSL access on leave-taking and care-seeking behaviors among Seattle-area workers in the months leading up to and during the emergence of COVID-19 in the region. Survey responses were collected online and in-person from individuals experiencing acute respiratory illness symptoms between November 2019 and March 2020 as part of a community-based respiratory viral surveillance study. Chi-square tests and log-binomial models were used to assess the association between PSL access and various socioeconomic indicators. A total of 66.6% (n = 2,276) respondents reported access to PSL. Proportionally, access to PSL was highest in respondents identifying as Asian (70.5%), followed by White (68.7%), Latine (58.4%), Multiracial (57.1%), Black (47.1%), and Other (43.1%). Access to PSL increased with household income. Eighty three percent of high-income respondents reported access compared to 52.9% of low-income households. Only 23.3% of the lowest-income households reported access to PSL. Fewer females (65.2%) than males (70.7%) reported access to PSL. Access to PSL is inequitably distributed across income, race/ethnicity, and sex. This study reinforces the vast body of knowledge on how socioeconomic inequalities increase individual and community-level vulnerability to the impacts of infectious disease outbreaks. It also supports the role of labor and economic policy in mitigating (or exacerbating) these impacts. Exemplified by the COVID-19 pandemic, universal access to PSL, especially for marginalized populations, benefits all.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>39255259</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0307734</doi><tpages>e0307734</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8771-7451</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5721-6425</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2024-09, Vol.19 (9), p.e0307734 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_3102694866 |
| source | Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; PAIS Index; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Access Adolescent Adult Analysis Control COVID-19 COVID-19 - epidemiology Disease susceptibility Economic policy Employee benefits Enrollments Epidemics Ethnicity Evaluation Female Females Health Behavior Households Humans Income Infectious diseases Influenza Male Marginalized groups Mathematical models Medicine and Health Sciences Middle Aged Minority & ethnic groups Pandemics People and Places Public health Race Research and Analysis Methods Respondents Responses SARS-CoV-2 Sex Sick leave Sick Leave - economics Sick Leave - statistics & numerical data Social Sciences Socioeconomic Factors Socioeconomics Surveillance Surveys Surveys and Questionnaires United States Viral diseases Washington - epidemiology Young Adult |
| title | "I probably shouldn't go in today": Inequitable access to paid sick leave and its impacts on health behaviors during the emergence of COVID-19 in the Seattle area |
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