Functions and mechanisms of A-to-I RNA editing in filamentous ascomycetes
Although lack of ADAR (adenosine deaminase acting on RNA) orthologs, genome-wide A-to-I editing occurs specifically during sexual reproduction in a number of filamentous ascomycetes, including Fusarium graminearum and Neurospora crassa. Unlike ADAR-mediated editing in animals, fungal A-to-I editing...
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| description | Although lack of ADAR (adenosine deaminase acting on RNA) orthologs, genome-wide A-to-I editing occurs specifically during sexual reproduction in a number of filamentous ascomycetes, including Fusarium graminearum and Neurospora crassa. Unlike ADAR-mediated editing in animals, fungal A-to-I editing has a strong preference for hairpin loops and U at -1 position, which leads to frequent editing of UAG and UAA stop codons. Majority of RNA editing events in fungi are in the coding region and cause amino acid changes. Some of these editing events have been experimentally characterized for providing heterozygote and adaptive advantages in F. graminearum. Recent studies showed that FgTad2 and FgTad3, 2 ADAT (adenosine deaminase acting on tRNA) enzymes that normally catalyze the editing of A34 in the anticodon of tRNA during vegetative growth mediate A-to-I mRNA editing during sexual reproduction. Stage specificity of RNA editing is conferred by stage-specific expression of short transcript isoforms of FgTAD2 and FgTAD3 as well as cofactors such as AME1 and FIP5 that facilitate the editing of mRNA in perithecia. Taken together, fungal A-to-I RNA editing during sexual reproduction is catalyzed by ADATs and it has the same sequence and structural preferences with editing of A34 in tRNA. |
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Unlike ADAR-mediated editing in animals, fungal A-to-I editing has a strong preference for hairpin loops and U at -1 position, which leads to frequent editing of UAG and UAA stop codons. Majority of RNA editing events in fungi are in the coding region and cause amino acid changes. Some of these editing events have been experimentally characterized for providing heterozygote and adaptive advantages in F. graminearum. Recent studies showed that FgTad2 and FgTad3, 2 ADAT (adenosine deaminase acting on tRNA) enzymes that normally catalyze the editing of A34 in the anticodon of tRNA during vegetative growth mediate A-to-I mRNA editing during sexual reproduction. Stage specificity of RNA editing is conferred by stage-specific expression of short transcript isoforms of FgTAD2 and FgTAD3 as well as cofactors such as AME1 and FIP5 that facilitate the editing of mRNA in perithecia. 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This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2024 Wang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2024 Wang et al 2024 Wang et al</rights><rights>2024 Wang et al. 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>PLoS pathogens</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wang, Zeyi</au><au>Bian, Zhuyun</au><au>Wang, Diwen</au><au>Xu, JinRong</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Functions and mechanisms of A-to-I RNA editing in filamentous ascomycetes</atitle><jtitle>PLoS pathogens</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS Pathog</addtitle><date>2024-06-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>20</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>e1012238</spage><pages>e1012238-</pages><issn>1553-7366</issn><issn>1553-7374</issn><eissn>1553-7374</eissn><abstract>Although lack of ADAR (adenosine deaminase acting on RNA) orthologs, genome-wide A-to-I editing occurs specifically during sexual reproduction in a number of filamentous ascomycetes, including Fusarium graminearum and Neurospora crassa. Unlike ADAR-mediated editing in animals, fungal A-to-I editing has a strong preference for hairpin loops and U at -1 position, which leads to frequent editing of UAG and UAA stop codons. Majority of RNA editing events in fungi are in the coding region and cause amino acid changes. Some of these editing events have been experimentally characterized for providing heterozygote and adaptive advantages in F. graminearum. Recent studies showed that FgTad2 and FgTad3, 2 ADAT (adenosine deaminase acting on tRNA) enzymes that normally catalyze the editing of A34 in the anticodon of tRNA during vegetative growth mediate A-to-I mRNA editing during sexual reproduction. Stage specificity of RNA editing is conferred by stage-specific expression of short transcript isoforms of FgTAD2 and FgTAD3 as well as cofactors such as AME1 and FIP5 that facilitate the editing of mRNA in perithecia. Taken together, fungal A-to-I RNA editing during sexual reproduction is catalyzed by ADATs and it has the same sequence and structural preferences with editing of A34 in tRNA.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>38843141</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.ppat.1012238</doi><tpages>e1012238</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5999-5004</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adenosine Adenosine - genetics Adenosine - metabolism Adenosine deaminase Adenosine Deaminase - genetics Adenosine Deaminase - metabolism Amino acid sequence Amino acids Ascomycota Ascomycota - genetics Biology and life sciences Codons Editing Fungal Proteins - genetics Fungal Proteins - metabolism Fungi Fungi, Pathogenic Fusarium - genetics Fusarium graminearum Gene expression Genetic aspects Genomes Heterozygotes Inosine - genetics Inosine - metabolism Isoforms Kinases Methods Neurospora Neurospora crassa - genetics Nucleotide sequence Perithecia Physiological aspects Research and Analysis Methods Review RNA Editing RNA processing RNA, Fungal - genetics RNA, Fungal - metabolism Sexual reproduction tRNA |
| title | Functions and mechanisms of A-to-I RNA editing in filamentous ascomycetes |
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