Analyzing evolutionary game theory in epidemic management: A study on social distancing and mask-wearing strategies
When combating a respiratory disease outbreak, the effectiveness of protective measures hinges on spontaneous shifts in human behavior driven by risk perception and careful cost-benefit analysis. In this study, a novel concept has been introduced, integrating social distancing and mask-wearing strat...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2024-06, Vol.19 (6), p.e0301915 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 6 |
| container_start_page | e0301915 |
| container_title | PloS one |
| container_volume | 19 |
| creator | Nabi, Khondoker Nazmoon Ovi, Murshed Ahmed Kabir, K M Ariful |
| description | When combating a respiratory disease outbreak, the effectiveness of protective measures hinges on spontaneous shifts in human behavior driven by risk perception and careful cost-benefit analysis. In this study, a novel concept has been introduced, integrating social distancing and mask-wearing strategies into a unified framework that combines evolutionary game theory with an extended classical epidemic model. To yield deeper insights into human decision-making during COVID-19, we integrate both the prevalent dilemma faced at the epidemic's onset regarding mask-wearing and social distancing practices, along with a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis. We explore the often-overlooked aspect of effective mask adoption among undetected infectious individuals to evaluate the significance of source control. Both undetected and detected infectious individuals can significantly reduce the risk of infection for non-masked individuals by wearing effective facemasks. When the economical burden of mask usage becomes unsustainable in the community, promoting affordable and safe social distancing becomes vital in slowing the epidemic's progress, allowing crucial time for public health preparedness. In contrast, as the indirect expenses associated with safe social distancing escalate, affordable and effective facemask usage could be a feasible option. In our analysis, it was observed that during periods of heightened infection risk, there is a noticeable surge in public interest and dedication to complying with social distancing measures. However, its impact diminishes beyond a certain disease transmission threshold, as this strategy cannot completely eliminate the disease burden in the community. Maximum public compliance with social distancing and mask-wearing strategies can be achieved when they are affordable for the community. While implementing both strategies together could ultimately reduce the epidemic's effective reproduction number ([Formula: see text]) to below one, countries still have the flexibility to prioritize either of them, easing strictness on the other based on their socio-economic conditions. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0301915 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_plos_</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_plos_journals_3080810057</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A798901518</galeid><doaj_id>oai_doaj_org_article_c98e2dce76d3499fa64ab35b18198b50</doaj_id><sourcerecordid>A798901518</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c516t-5ff9da6b842a54ba59ba23b9aa2eb2345c2786f07f00434b54425d884236e5a43</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkl2L1DAUhoso7rr6D0QLgujFjPlo2sS7YfFjYGHBr9tw2p52MrbJ2KTq-OtNd7rLjuyF5CLh8Jz3JG_eJHlKyZLygr7ZunGw0C13zuKScEIVFfeSU6o4W-SM8Pu3zifJI--3hAgu8_xhcsKlogXJ1WniV1Fj_8fYNsWfrhuDcRaGfdpCj2nYoItnY1PcmRp7U6U9WGixRxvepqvUh7Hep86m3lUGurQ2PoCtJjWwdYT998UvhGEq-DBAwNagf5w8aKDz-GTez5Kv7999Of-4uLj8sD5fXSwqQfOwEE2jashLmTEQWQlClcB4qQAYloxnomKFzBtSNIRkPCtFljFRy4jzHAVk_Cx5ftDddc7r2S-vOZFE0mhGEYn1gagdbPVuMH18u3Zg9FXBDa2GIZiqQ10piayusMhrninVQJ5ByUVJJVWyFCRqvZqnDe7HiD7o3vgKuw4sunEaWzCmiGLT2Bf_oHdfbqZaiPONbVx0sJpE9apQUhEqqIzU8g4qrqv_itloTKwfNbw-aohMwN-hhdF7vf786f_Zy2_H7Mtb7AahCxs_J8ofg9kBrAbn_YDNjfGU6Cna127oKdp6jnZsezabNpY91jdN11nmfwE7FvLu</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Website</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>3080810057</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Analyzing evolutionary game theory in epidemic management: A study on social distancing and mask-wearing strategies</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</source><source>Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry</source><creator>Nabi, Khondoker Nazmoon ; Ovi, Murshed Ahmed ; Kabir, K M Ariful</creator><contributor>Eksin, Ceyhun</contributor><creatorcontrib>Nabi, Khondoker Nazmoon ; Ovi, Murshed Ahmed ; Kabir, K M Ariful ; Eksin, Ceyhun</creatorcontrib><description>When combating a respiratory disease outbreak, the effectiveness of protective measures hinges on spontaneous shifts in human behavior driven by risk perception and careful cost-benefit analysis. In this study, a novel concept has been introduced, integrating social distancing and mask-wearing strategies into a unified framework that combines evolutionary game theory with an extended classical epidemic model. To yield deeper insights into human decision-making during COVID-19, we integrate both the prevalent dilemma faced at the epidemic's onset regarding mask-wearing and social distancing practices, along with a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis. We explore the often-overlooked aspect of effective mask adoption among undetected infectious individuals to evaluate the significance of source control. Both undetected and detected infectious individuals can significantly reduce the risk of infection for non-masked individuals by wearing effective facemasks. When the economical burden of mask usage becomes unsustainable in the community, promoting affordable and safe social distancing becomes vital in slowing the epidemic's progress, allowing crucial time for public health preparedness. In contrast, as the indirect expenses associated with safe social distancing escalate, affordable and effective facemask usage could be a feasible option. In our analysis, it was observed that during periods of heightened infection risk, there is a noticeable surge in public interest and dedication to complying with social distancing measures. However, its impact diminishes beyond a certain disease transmission threshold, as this strategy cannot completely eliminate the disease burden in the community. Maximum public compliance with social distancing and mask-wearing strategies can be achieved when they are affordable for the community. While implementing both strategies together could ultimately reduce the epidemic's effective reproduction number ([Formula: see text]) to below one, countries still have the flexibility to prioritize either of them, easing strictness on the other based on their socio-economic conditions.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301915</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38917069</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Cost benefit analysis ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 - epidemiology ; COVID-19 - prevention & control ; COVID-19 - transmission ; Decision making ; Development and progression ; Disease control ; Disease transmission ; Economic conditions ; Epidemic models ; Epidemics ; Game Theory ; Health risks ; Human acts ; Human behavior ; Humans ; Immunization ; Masks ; Pandemics ; Physical Distancing ; Public concern ; Public health ; Respiratory diseases ; Respiratory tract diseases ; Risk perception ; Risk taking ; SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification ; Social behavior ; Socioeconomics</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2024-06, Vol.19 (6), p.e0301915</ispartof><rights>Copyright: © 2024 Nabi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2024 Nabi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2024 Nabi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c516t-5ff9da6b842a54ba59ba23b9aa2eb2345c2786f07f00434b54425d884236e5a43</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0249-5417 ; 0000-0003-2337-0226</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0301915&type=printable$$EPDF$$P50$$Gplos$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0301915$$EHTML$$P50$$Gplos$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,864,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,79600,79601</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38917069$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Eksin, Ceyhun</contributor><creatorcontrib>Nabi, Khondoker Nazmoon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ovi, Murshed Ahmed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kabir, K M Ariful</creatorcontrib><title>Analyzing evolutionary game theory in epidemic management: A study on social distancing and mask-wearing strategies</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>When combating a respiratory disease outbreak, the effectiveness of protective measures hinges on spontaneous shifts in human behavior driven by risk perception and careful cost-benefit analysis. In this study, a novel concept has been introduced, integrating social distancing and mask-wearing strategies into a unified framework that combines evolutionary game theory with an extended classical epidemic model. To yield deeper insights into human decision-making during COVID-19, we integrate both the prevalent dilemma faced at the epidemic's onset regarding mask-wearing and social distancing practices, along with a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis. We explore the often-overlooked aspect of effective mask adoption among undetected infectious individuals to evaluate the significance of source control. Both undetected and detected infectious individuals can significantly reduce the risk of infection for non-masked individuals by wearing effective facemasks. When the economical burden of mask usage becomes unsustainable in the community, promoting affordable and safe social distancing becomes vital in slowing the epidemic's progress, allowing crucial time for public health preparedness. In contrast, as the indirect expenses associated with safe social distancing escalate, affordable and effective facemask usage could be a feasible option. In our analysis, it was observed that during periods of heightened infection risk, there is a noticeable surge in public interest and dedication to complying with social distancing measures. However, its impact diminishes beyond a certain disease transmission threshold, as this strategy cannot completely eliminate the disease burden in the community. Maximum public compliance with social distancing and mask-wearing strategies can be achieved when they are affordable for the community. While implementing both strategies together could ultimately reduce the epidemic's effective reproduction number ([Formula: see text]) to below one, countries still have the flexibility to prioritize either of them, easing strictness on the other based on their socio-economic conditions.</description><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Cost benefit analysis</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>COVID-19 - epidemiology</subject><subject>COVID-19 - prevention & control</subject><subject>COVID-19 - transmission</subject><subject>Decision making</subject><subject>Development and progression</subject><subject>Disease control</subject><subject>Disease transmission</subject><subject>Economic conditions</subject><subject>Epidemic models</subject><subject>Epidemics</subject><subject>Game Theory</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Human acts</subject><subject>Human behavior</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunization</subject><subject>Masks</subject><subject>Pandemics</subject><subject>Physical Distancing</subject><subject>Public concern</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Respiratory diseases</subject><subject>Respiratory tract diseases</subject><subject>Risk perception</subject><subject>Risk taking</subject><subject>SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Social behavior</subject><subject>Socioeconomics</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkl2L1DAUhoso7rr6D0QLgujFjPlo2sS7YfFjYGHBr9tw2p52MrbJ2KTq-OtNd7rLjuyF5CLh8Jz3JG_eJHlKyZLygr7ZunGw0C13zuKScEIVFfeSU6o4W-SM8Pu3zifJI--3hAgu8_xhcsKlogXJ1WniV1Fj_8fYNsWfrhuDcRaGfdpCj2nYoItnY1PcmRp7U6U9WGixRxvepqvUh7Hep86m3lUGurQ2PoCtJjWwdYT998UvhGEq-DBAwNagf5w8aKDz-GTez5Kv7999Of-4uLj8sD5fXSwqQfOwEE2jashLmTEQWQlClcB4qQAYloxnomKFzBtSNIRkPCtFljFRy4jzHAVk_Cx5ftDddc7r2S-vOZFE0mhGEYn1gagdbPVuMH18u3Zg9FXBDa2GIZiqQ10piayusMhrninVQJ5ByUVJJVWyFCRqvZqnDe7HiD7o3vgKuw4sunEaWzCmiGLT2Bf_oHdfbqZaiPONbVx0sJpE9apQUhEqqIzU8g4qrqv_itloTKwfNbw-aohMwN-hhdF7vf786f_Zy2_H7Mtb7AahCxs_J8ofg9kBrAbn_YDNjfGU6Cna127oKdp6jnZsezabNpY91jdN11nmfwE7FvLu</recordid><startdate>20240625</startdate><enddate>20240625</enddate><creator>Nabi, Khondoker Nazmoon</creator><creator>Ovi, Murshed Ahmed</creator><creator>Kabir, K M Ariful</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>COVID</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0249-5417</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2337-0226</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20240625</creationdate><title>Analyzing evolutionary game theory in epidemic management: A study on social distancing and mask-wearing strategies</title><author>Nabi, Khondoker Nazmoon ; Ovi, Murshed Ahmed ; Kabir, K M Ariful</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c516t-5ff9da6b842a54ba59ba23b9aa2eb2345c2786f07f00434b54425d884236e5a43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Cost benefit analysis</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>COVID-19 - epidemiology</topic><topic>COVID-19 - prevention & control</topic><topic>COVID-19 - transmission</topic><topic>Decision making</topic><topic>Development and progression</topic><topic>Disease control</topic><topic>Disease transmission</topic><topic>Economic conditions</topic><topic>Epidemic models</topic><topic>Epidemics</topic><topic>Game Theory</topic><topic>Health risks</topic><topic>Human acts</topic><topic>Human behavior</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunization</topic><topic>Masks</topic><topic>Pandemics</topic><topic>Physical Distancing</topic><topic>Public concern</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Respiratory diseases</topic><topic>Respiratory tract diseases</topic><topic>Risk perception</topic><topic>Risk taking</topic><topic>SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Social behavior</topic><topic>Socioeconomics</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Nabi, Khondoker Nazmoon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ovi, Murshed Ahmed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kabir, K M Ariful</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Opposing Viewpoints in Context (Gale)</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Coronavirus Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Nabi, Khondoker Nazmoon</au><au>Ovi, Murshed Ahmed</au><au>Kabir, K M Ariful</au><au>Eksin, Ceyhun</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Analyzing evolutionary game theory in epidemic management: A study on social distancing and mask-wearing strategies</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2024-06-25</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>19</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>e0301915</spage><pages>e0301915-</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>When combating a respiratory disease outbreak, the effectiveness of protective measures hinges on spontaneous shifts in human behavior driven by risk perception and careful cost-benefit analysis. In this study, a novel concept has been introduced, integrating social distancing and mask-wearing strategies into a unified framework that combines evolutionary game theory with an extended classical epidemic model. To yield deeper insights into human decision-making during COVID-19, we integrate both the prevalent dilemma faced at the epidemic's onset regarding mask-wearing and social distancing practices, along with a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis. We explore the often-overlooked aspect of effective mask adoption among undetected infectious individuals to evaluate the significance of source control. Both undetected and detected infectious individuals can significantly reduce the risk of infection for non-masked individuals by wearing effective facemasks. When the economical burden of mask usage becomes unsustainable in the community, promoting affordable and safe social distancing becomes vital in slowing the epidemic's progress, allowing crucial time for public health preparedness. In contrast, as the indirect expenses associated with safe social distancing escalate, affordable and effective facemask usage could be a feasible option. In our analysis, it was observed that during periods of heightened infection risk, there is a noticeable surge in public interest and dedication to complying with social distancing measures. However, its impact diminishes beyond a certain disease transmission threshold, as this strategy cannot completely eliminate the disease burden in the community. Maximum public compliance with social distancing and mask-wearing strategies can be achieved when they are affordable for the community. While implementing both strategies together could ultimately reduce the epidemic's effective reproduction number ([Formula: see text]) to below one, countries still have the flexibility to prioritize either of them, easing strictness on the other based on their socio-economic conditions.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>38917069</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0301915</doi><tpages>e0301915</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0249-5417</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2337-0226</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2024-06, Vol.19 (6), p.e0301915 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_3080810057 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Analysis Cost benefit analysis COVID-19 COVID-19 - epidemiology COVID-19 - prevention & control COVID-19 - transmission Decision making Development and progression Disease control Disease transmission Economic conditions Epidemic models Epidemics Game Theory Health risks Human acts Human behavior Humans Immunization Masks Pandemics Physical Distancing Public concern Public health Respiratory diseases Respiratory tract diseases Risk perception Risk taking SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification Social behavior Socioeconomics |
| title | Analyzing evolutionary game theory in epidemic management: A study on social distancing and mask-wearing strategies |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-25T11%3A26%3A02IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Analyzing%20evolutionary%20game%20theory%20in%20epidemic%20management:%20A%20study%20on%20social%20distancing%20and%20mask-wearing%20strategies&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Nabi,%20Khondoker%20Nazmoon&rft.date=2024-06-25&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=e0301915&rft.pages=e0301915-&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0301915&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA798901518%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=3080810057&rft_id=info:pmid/38917069&rft_galeid=A798901518&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_c98e2dce76d3499fa64ab35b18198b50&rfr_iscdi=true |