Cardiorespiratory dynamics of type 2 diabetes mellitus: An extensive view of breathing and fitness challenges in a diabetes prevalent population
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is well known for related micro and macrovascular complications. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus leads to endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, microvascular impairment, myocardial dysfunction, and skeletal muscle changes which affect multiple organ systems. T...
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| creator | Abbas, Uzair Shah, Shahbaz Ali Babar, Nisha Agha, Pashmina Khowaja, Mohiba Ali Nasrumminallah, Maryam Arif, Hibba Erum Hussain, Niaz Hasan, Syed Mustafa Baloch, Israr Ahmed |
| description | Diabetes mellitus (DM) is well known for related micro and macrovascular complications. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus leads to endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, microvascular impairment, myocardial dysfunction, and skeletal muscle changes which affect multiple organ systems. This study was designed to take an extensive view of cardiorespiratory dynamics in patients with type 2 DM.
One hundred healthy controls (HC) and 100 DM patients were enrolled. We measured and compared the breathing patterns (spirometry), VO2 max levels (heart rate ratio method) and self-reported fitness level (international fitness scale) of individuals with and without diabetes. Data was analyzed in SPSS v.22 and GraphPad Prism v8.0.
We observed restrictive spirometry patterns (FVC |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0303564 |
| format | Article |
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One hundred healthy controls (HC) and 100 DM patients were enrolled. We measured and compared the breathing patterns (spirometry), VO2 max levels (heart rate ratio method) and self-reported fitness level (international fitness scale) of individuals with and without diabetes. Data was analyzed in SPSS v.22 and GraphPad Prism v8.0.
We observed restrictive spirometry patterns (FVC <80%) in 22% of DM as compared to 2% in HC (p = 0.021). There was low mean VO2 max in DM as compared to HC(32.03 ± 5.36 vs 41.91 ± 7.98 ml/kg/min; p value <0.001). When evaluating physical fitness on self-reported IFiS scale, 90% of the HC report average, good, or very good fitness levels. In contrast, only 45% of the DM shared this pattern, with a 53% proportion perceiving their fitness as poor or very poor (p = <0.05). Restrictive respiratory pattern, low VO2 max and fitness level were significantly associated with HbA1c and long-standing DM.
This study shows decreased pulmonary functions, decreased cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 max) and IFiS scale variables in diabetic population as compared to healthy controls which are also associated with glycemic levels and long-standing DM. Screening for pulmonary functions can aid optimum management in this population.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303564</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38968192</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adult ; Age ; Aged ; Analysis ; Biology and life sciences ; Breathing ; Cardiorespiratory fitness ; Cardiorespiratory Fitness - physiology ; Cardiovascular disease ; Case-Control Studies ; Comorbidity ; Diabetes ; Diabetes mellitus ; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent) ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology ; Exercise ; Female ; Gender ; Glycosylated hemoglobin ; Health care ; Heart beat ; Heart rate ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Insulin ; Male ; Maximum oxygen consumption ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Microvasculature ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Muscle strength ; Muscles ; Oxygen Consumption ; Physical fitness ; Physical Fitness - physiology ; Physical Sciences ; Prevalence ; Pulmonary functions ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Respiration ; Skeletal muscle ; Spirometry ; Statistical analysis ; Type 2 diabetes</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2024-07, Vol.19 (7), p.e0303564</ispartof><rights>Copyright: © 2024 Abbas et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2024 Abbas et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2024 Abbas et al 2024 Abbas et al</rights><rights>2024 Abbas et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c642t-95e06b7eab6455dad80cbbb95fc0fa75f28f4c4135bb94c30bc4cb0931a2efe83</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0517-247X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11226084/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11226084/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79569,79570</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38968192$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Abbas, Uzair</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shah, Shahbaz Ali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Babar, Nisha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Agha, Pashmina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khowaja, Mohiba Ali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nasrumminallah, Maryam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arif, Hibba Erum</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hussain, Niaz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hasan, Syed Mustafa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baloch, Israr Ahmed</creatorcontrib><title>Cardiorespiratory dynamics of type 2 diabetes mellitus: An extensive view of breathing and fitness challenges in a diabetes prevalent population</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is well known for related micro and macrovascular complications. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus leads to endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, microvascular impairment, myocardial dysfunction, and skeletal muscle changes which affect multiple organ systems. This study was designed to take an extensive view of cardiorespiratory dynamics in patients with type 2 DM.
One hundred healthy controls (HC) and 100 DM patients were enrolled. We measured and compared the breathing patterns (spirometry), VO2 max levels (heart rate ratio method) and self-reported fitness level (international fitness scale) of individuals with and without diabetes. Data was analyzed in SPSS v.22 and GraphPad Prism v8.0.
We observed restrictive spirometry patterns (FVC <80%) in 22% of DM as compared to 2% in HC (p = 0.021). There was low mean VO2 max in DM as compared to HC(32.03 ± 5.36 vs 41.91 ± 7.98 ml/kg/min; p value <0.001). When evaluating physical fitness on self-reported IFiS scale, 90% of the HC report average, good, or very good fitness levels. In contrast, only 45% of the DM shared this pattern, with a 53% proportion perceiving their fitness as poor or very poor (p = <0.05). Restrictive respiratory pattern, low VO2 max and fitness level were significantly associated with HbA1c and long-standing DM.
This study shows decreased pulmonary functions, decreased cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 max) and IFiS scale variables in diabetic population as compared to healthy controls which are also associated with glycemic levels and long-standing DM. Screening for pulmonary functions can aid optimum management in this population.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Biology and life sciences</subject><subject>Breathing</subject><subject>Cardiorespiratory fitness</subject><subject>Cardiorespiratory Fitness - physiology</subject><subject>Cardiovascular disease</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Comorbidity</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Diabetes mellitus</subject><subject>Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)</subject><subject>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications</subject><subject>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology</subject><subject>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology</subject><subject>Exercise</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gender</subject><subject>Glycosylated hemoglobin</subject><subject>Health care</subject><subject>Heart beat</subject><subject>Heart rate</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hyperglycemia</subject><subject>Insulin</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Maximum oxygen consumption</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Microvasculature</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Muscle strength</subject><subject>Muscles</subject><subject>Oxygen Consumption</subject><subject>Physical fitness</subject><subject>Physical Fitness - physiology</subject><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Pulmonary functions</subject><subject>Research and Analysis Methods</subject><subject>Respiration</subject><subject>Skeletal muscle</subject><subject>Spirometry</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Type 2 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dynamics of type 2 diabetes mellitus: An extensive view of breathing and fitness challenges in a diabetes prevalent population</title><author>Abbas, Uzair ; Shah, Shahbaz Ali ; Babar, Nisha ; Agha, Pashmina ; Khowaja, Mohiba Ali ; Nasrumminallah, Maryam ; Arif, Hibba Erum ; Hussain, Niaz ; Hasan, Syed Mustafa ; Baloch, Israr Ahmed</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c642t-95e06b7eab6455dad80cbbb95fc0fa75f28f4c4135bb94c30bc4cb0931a2efe83</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Biology and life sciences</topic><topic>Breathing</topic><topic>Cardiorespiratory fitness</topic><topic>Cardiorespiratory Fitness - physiology</topic><topic>Cardiovascular disease</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>Comorbidity</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Diabetes mellitus</topic><topic>Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)</topic><topic>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications</topic><topic>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology</topic><topic>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology</topic><topic>Exercise</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gender</topic><topic>Glycosylated hemoglobin</topic><topic>Health care</topic><topic>Heart beat</topic><topic>Heart rate</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hyperglycemia</topic><topic>Insulin</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Maximum oxygen consumption</topic><topic>Medicine and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Microvasculature</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Muscle strength</topic><topic>Muscles</topic><topic>Oxygen Consumption</topic><topic>Physical fitness</topic><topic>Physical Fitness - physiology</topic><topic>Physical Sciences</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Pulmonary functions</topic><topic>Research and Analysis 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Pashmina</au><au>Khowaja, Mohiba Ali</au><au>Nasrumminallah, Maryam</au><au>Arif, Hibba Erum</au><au>Hussain, Niaz</au><au>Hasan, Syed Mustafa</au><au>Baloch, Israr Ahmed</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Cardiorespiratory dynamics of type 2 diabetes mellitus: An extensive view of breathing and fitness challenges in a diabetes prevalent population</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2024-07-05</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>19</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>e0303564</spage><pages>e0303564-</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is well known for related micro and macrovascular complications. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus leads to endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, microvascular impairment, myocardial dysfunction, and skeletal muscle changes which affect multiple organ systems. This study was designed to take an extensive view of cardiorespiratory dynamics in patients with type 2 DM.
One hundred healthy controls (HC) and 100 DM patients were enrolled. We measured and compared the breathing patterns (spirometry), VO2 max levels (heart rate ratio method) and self-reported fitness level (international fitness scale) of individuals with and without diabetes. Data was analyzed in SPSS v.22 and GraphPad Prism v8.0.
We observed restrictive spirometry patterns (FVC <80%) in 22% of DM as compared to 2% in HC (p = 0.021). There was low mean VO2 max in DM as compared to HC(32.03 ± 5.36 vs 41.91 ± 7.98 ml/kg/min; p value <0.001). When evaluating physical fitness on self-reported IFiS scale, 90% of the HC report average, good, or very good fitness levels. In contrast, only 45% of the DM shared this pattern, with a 53% proportion perceiving their fitness as poor or very poor (p = <0.05). Restrictive respiratory pattern, low VO2 max and fitness level were significantly associated with HbA1c and long-standing DM.
This study shows decreased pulmonary functions, decreased cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 max) and IFiS scale variables in diabetic population as compared to healthy controls which are also associated with glycemic levels and long-standing DM. Screening for pulmonary functions can aid optimum management in this population.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>38968192</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0303564</doi><tpages>e0303564</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0517-247X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_3076243057 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| subjects | Adult Age Aged Analysis Biology and life sciences Breathing Cardiorespiratory fitness Cardiorespiratory Fitness - physiology Cardiovascular disease Case-Control Studies Comorbidity Diabetes Diabetes mellitus Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent) Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology Exercise Female Gender Glycosylated hemoglobin Health care Heart beat Heart rate Humans Hyperglycemia Insulin Male Maximum oxygen consumption Medicine and Health Sciences Microvasculature Middle Aged Mortality Muscle strength Muscles Oxygen Consumption Physical fitness Physical Fitness - physiology Physical Sciences Prevalence Pulmonary functions Research and Analysis Methods Respiration Skeletal muscle Spirometry Statistical analysis Type 2 diabetes |
| title | Cardiorespiratory dynamics of type 2 diabetes mellitus: An extensive view of breathing and fitness challenges in a diabetes prevalent population |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-19T14%3A53%3A02IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Cardiorespiratory%20dynamics%20of%20type%202%20diabetes%20mellitus:%20An%20extensive%20view%20of%20breathing%20and%20fitness%20challenges%20in%20a%20diabetes%20prevalent%20population&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Abbas,%20Uzair&rft.date=2024-07-05&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=e0303564&rft.pages=e0303564-&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0303564&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA800174299%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=3076243057&rft_id=info:pmid/38968192&rft_galeid=A800174299&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_4fff86d152fe4c2089fcd8b06902ecc4&rfr_iscdi=true |