Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of acute respiratory infections in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) have a substantial impact on morbidity, healthcare utilization, and functional decline among older adults. Therefore, we systematically reviewed evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vitamin D supplementation in p...
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| description | Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) have a substantial impact on morbidity, healthcare utilization, and functional decline among older adults. Therefore, we systematically reviewed evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vitamin D supplementation in preventing ARIs in older adults.
PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched until 1 February 2024. RCTs evaluating the use of vitamin D supplements to protect older adults from ARIs were included. Two reviewers independently screened papers, extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias. Data were summarised as relative risks (RRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Random effects meta-analyses were used to synthesise the results. GRADE was used to evaluate the quality of evidence. All the analysis were performed with Stata version 17.
Twelve trials (41552 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. It showed that vitamin D supplementation probably does not reduce the incidence of ARIs (RR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.97-1.02, I2 = 0%; moderate certainty). No significant effect of vitamin D supplementation on the risk of ARI was observed for any of the subgroups defined by baseline 25(OH)D concentration, control treatments, dose frequency, study duration, and participants' condition. However, there was a possibility, although not statistically significant, that vitamin D may reduce the risk of ARI in patients with a baseline 25(OH)D concentration |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0303495 |
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PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched until 1 February 2024. RCTs evaluating the use of vitamin D supplements to protect older adults from ARIs were included. Two reviewers independently screened papers, extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias. Data were summarised as relative risks (RRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Random effects meta-analyses were used to synthesise the results. GRADE was used to evaluate the quality of evidence. All the analysis were performed with Stata version 17.
Twelve trials (41552 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. It showed that vitamin D supplementation probably does not reduce the incidence of ARIs (RR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.97-1.02, I2 = 0%; moderate certainty). No significant effect of vitamin D supplementation on the risk of ARI was observed for any of the subgroups defined by baseline 25(OH)D concentration, control treatments, dose frequency, study duration, and participants' condition. However, there was a possibility, although not statistically significant, that vitamin D may reduce the risk of ARI in patients with a baseline 25(OH)D concentration <50 nmol/L (OR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.79-1.04, I2 = 14.7%). Additionally, vitamin D supplements might result in little to no difference in death due to any cause, any adverse event, hypercalcinemia, and kidney stones.
Vitamin D supplementation among older adults probably results in little to no difference in the incidence of ARIs. However, further evidence is needed, particularly for individuals with vitamin D deficiency and populations residing in low and middle income countries.
This study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023451265).</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303495</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38787821</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>25-Hydroxyvitamin D ; Acute Disease ; Adults ; Age ; Aged ; Alfacalcidol ; Analysis ; Bias ; Calcifediol ; Calciferol ; Calculi ; Clinical trials ; Dietary Supplements ; Humans ; Infection ; Infections ; Kidney stones ; Lung diseases ; Meta-analysis ; Morbidity ; Nephrolithiasis ; Older people ; Pediatrics ; Prevention ; Quality ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Respiratory system ; Respiratory tract infection ; Respiratory Tract Infections - drug therapy ; Respiratory Tract Infections - prevention & control ; Risk assessment ; Statistical analysis ; Subgroups ; Vitamin D ; Vitamin D - administration & dosage ; Vitamin D - therapeutic use ; Vitamin deficiency</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2024-05, Vol.19 (5), p.e0303495</ispartof><rights>Copyright: © 2024 Jia et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2024 Jia et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2024 Jia et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c586t-629df7b3e39a19a56d06f1d4b9afb28a497acd23243720fdf2223ee75cee87783</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-4443-6183</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0303495&type=printable$$EPDF$$P50$$Gplos$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0303495$$EHTML$$P50$$Gplos$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,860,2095,2914,23846,27903,27904,79346,79347</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38787821$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Salam, Rehana Abdus</contributor><creatorcontrib>Jia, Hao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sheng, Feng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yan, Yulan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Xiaozhi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zeng, Baoqi</creatorcontrib><title>Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of acute respiratory infections in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) have a substantial impact on morbidity, healthcare utilization, and functional decline among older adults. Therefore, we systematically reviewed evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vitamin D supplementation in preventing ARIs in older adults.
PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched until 1 February 2024. RCTs evaluating the use of vitamin D supplements to protect older adults from ARIs were included. Two reviewers independently screened papers, extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias. Data were summarised as relative risks (RRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Random effects meta-analyses were used to synthesise the results. GRADE was used to evaluate the quality of evidence. All the analysis were performed with Stata version 17.
Twelve trials (41552 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. It showed that vitamin D supplementation probably does not reduce the incidence of ARIs (RR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.97-1.02, I2 = 0%; moderate certainty). No significant effect of vitamin D supplementation on the risk of ARI was observed for any of the subgroups defined by baseline 25(OH)D concentration, control treatments, dose frequency, study duration, and participants' condition. However, there was a possibility, although not statistically significant, that vitamin D may reduce the risk of ARI in patients with a baseline 25(OH)D concentration <50 nmol/L (OR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.79-1.04, I2 = 14.7%). Additionally, vitamin D supplements might result in little to no difference in death due to any cause, any adverse event, hypercalcinemia, and kidney stones.
Vitamin D supplementation among older adults probably results in little to no difference in the incidence of ARIs. However, further evidence is needed, particularly for individuals with vitamin D deficiency and populations residing in low and middle income countries.
This study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023451265).</description><subject>25-Hydroxyvitamin D</subject><subject>Acute Disease</subject><subject>Adults</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Alfacalcidol</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Bias</subject><subject>Calcifediol</subject><subject>Calciferol</subject><subject>Calculi</subject><subject>Clinical trials</subject><subject>Dietary Supplements</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infection</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Kidney stones</subject><subject>Lung diseases</subject><subject>Meta-analysis</subject><subject>Morbidity</subject><subject>Nephrolithiasis</subject><subject>Older people</subject><subject>Pediatrics</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>Quality</subject><subject>Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic</subject><subject>Respiratory system</subject><subject>Respiratory tract infection</subject><subject>Respiratory Tract Infections - drug therapy</subject><subject>Respiratory Tract Infections - 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Academic</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Jia, Hao</au><au>Sheng, Feng</au><au>Yan, Yulan</au><au>Liu, Xiaozhi</au><au>Zeng, Baoqi</au><au>Salam, Rehana Abdus</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of acute respiratory infections in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2024-05-24</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>19</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>e0303495</spage><pages>e0303495-</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) have a substantial impact on morbidity, healthcare utilization, and functional decline among older adults. Therefore, we systematically reviewed evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vitamin D supplementation in preventing ARIs in older adults.
PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched until 1 February 2024. RCTs evaluating the use of vitamin D supplements to protect older adults from ARIs were included. Two reviewers independently screened papers, extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias. Data were summarised as relative risks (RRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Random effects meta-analyses were used to synthesise the results. GRADE was used to evaluate the quality of evidence. All the analysis were performed with Stata version 17.
Twelve trials (41552 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. It showed that vitamin D supplementation probably does not reduce the incidence of ARIs (RR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.97-1.02, I2 = 0%; moderate certainty). No significant effect of vitamin D supplementation on the risk of ARI was observed for any of the subgroups defined by baseline 25(OH)D concentration, control treatments, dose frequency, study duration, and participants' condition. However, there was a possibility, although not statistically significant, that vitamin D may reduce the risk of ARI in patients with a baseline 25(OH)D concentration <50 nmol/L (OR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.79-1.04, I2 = 14.7%). Additionally, vitamin D supplements might result in little to no difference in death due to any cause, any adverse event, hypercalcinemia, and kidney stones.
Vitamin D supplementation among older adults probably results in little to no difference in the incidence of ARIs. However, further evidence is needed, particularly for individuals with vitamin D deficiency and populations residing in low and middle income countries.
This study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023451265).</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>38787821</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0303495</doi><tpages>e0303495</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4443-6183</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2024-05, Vol.19 (5), p.e0303495 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Acute Disease Adults Age Aged Alfacalcidol Analysis Bias Calcifediol Calciferol Calculi Clinical trials Dietary Supplements Humans Infection Infections Kidney stones Lung diseases Meta-analysis Morbidity Nephrolithiasis Older people Pediatrics Prevention Quality Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Respiratory system Respiratory tract infection Respiratory Tract Infections - drug therapy Respiratory Tract Infections - prevention & control Risk assessment Statistical analysis Subgroups Vitamin D Vitamin D - administration & dosage Vitamin D - therapeutic use Vitamin deficiency |
| title | Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of acute respiratory infections in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-24T14%3A58%3A51IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Vitamin%20D%20supplementation%20for%20prevention%20of%20acute%20respiratory%20infections%20in%20older%20adults:%20A%20systematic%20review%20and%20meta-analysis&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Jia,%20Hao&rft.date=2024-05-24&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=e0303495&rft.pages=e0303495-&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0303495&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA795208416%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=3069289800&rft_id=info:pmid/38787821&rft_galeid=A795208416&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_496c9ed05dbe4222bcc7aa051a90f494&rfr_iscdi=true |