The effects of person-centred active rehabilitation on symptoms of suspected Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A mixed-methods single case design
The objective was to investigate the effectiveness of a person-centred active rehabilitation programme on symptoms associated with suspected Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE). This was accomplished by (1) assessing the effect that a person-centred active rehabilitation programme had on particip...
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| description | The objective was to investigate the effectiveness of a person-centred active rehabilitation programme on symptoms associated with suspected Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE). This was accomplished by (1) assessing the effect that a person-centred active rehabilitation programme had on participant symptoms, and (2) exploring how temporal contextual factors affected the participants' experience with, and perceived effectiveness of, the active rehabilitation programme.
A twelve-month mixed-methods single case experimental research design was used with six cases (participants). Individual cases were involved in a 51-week study period including an initial interview and three-week baseline phase. Cases were then randomly allocated to one of two n-of-1 study designs (i.e., A-B, B-A, B-A, A-B or B-A, A-B, A-B, B-A) where A and B represent a non-intervention and intervention phase, respectively. Interviews were conducted regularly throughout the study whilst outcome measures were assessed at each follow-up. Analysis of the data included visual, statistical, and qualitative analysis.
Visual and statistical analysis of cognitive and executive function, and mindful attention, demonstrated trivial-to-large effects with the summary reflecting positive or unclear results. A mixed picture was observed for mood and behaviour with effects considered trivial-to-large, and the summary demonstrating positive, unclear and negative effects. Qualitative analysis indicated a perceived improvement in outcome measures such as memory, attention, anxiety, and emotional control despite mixed quantitative findings whilst a clear impact of contextual factors, such as COVID-19, the political atmosphere, exercise tolerance, programme progression, and motivation were evident during the intervention.
This study has provided primary-level evidence to suggest active rehabilitation as a potential intervention for the management of suspected CTE symptoms. This study has also demonstrated the benefit of a person-centred approach to both clinical research and practice, particularly by considering contextual factors for a better understanding of an intervention effect. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0302260 |
| format | Article |
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A twelve-month mixed-methods single case experimental research design was used with six cases (participants). Individual cases were involved in a 51-week study period including an initial interview and three-week baseline phase. Cases were then randomly allocated to one of two n-of-1 study designs (i.e., A-B, B-A, B-A, A-B or B-A, A-B, A-B, B-A) where A and B represent a non-intervention and intervention phase, respectively. Interviews were conducted regularly throughout the study whilst outcome measures were assessed at each follow-up. Analysis of the data included visual, statistical, and qualitative analysis.
Visual and statistical analysis of cognitive and executive function, and mindful attention, demonstrated trivial-to-large effects with the summary reflecting positive or unclear results. A mixed picture was observed for mood and behaviour with effects considered trivial-to-large, and the summary demonstrating positive, unclear and negative effects. Qualitative analysis indicated a perceived improvement in outcome measures such as memory, attention, anxiety, and emotional control despite mixed quantitative findings whilst a clear impact of contextual factors, such as COVID-19, the political atmosphere, exercise tolerance, programme progression, and motivation were evident during the intervention.
This study has provided primary-level evidence to suggest active rehabilitation as a potential intervention for the management of suspected CTE symptoms. This study has also demonstrated the benefit of a person-centred approach to both clinical research and practice, particularly by considering contextual factors for a better understanding of an intervention effect.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302260</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38814891</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adult ; Australian football ; Behavior modification ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Cellular proteins ; Chronic brain injury ; Chronic traumatic encephalopathy ; Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy - rehabilitation ; Cognition ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 - complications ; COVID-19 - psychology ; Data collection ; Dementia ; Design ; Effectiveness ; Encephalopathy ; Executive Function ; Exercise ; Experimental research ; Female ; Humans ; Intervention ; Interviews ; Male ; Medical research ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Medicine, Experimental ; Methods ; Middle Aged ; Neurological disorders ; Occupational therapy ; Patient-Centered Care ; Physical fitness ; Professional soccer ; Qualitative analysis ; Rehabilitation ; Research design ; Single-Case Studies as Topic ; Social Sciences ; Statistical analysis ; Statistics ; Strength training ; Technical education</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2024-05, Vol.19 (5), p.e0302260</ispartof><rights>Copyright: © 2024 Hearn et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2024 Hearn et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2024 Hearn et al 2024 Hearn et al</rights><rights>2024 Hearn et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c572t-cd709e14aa8505c10941bdc82f43d5c80613d6881aad6c3833505b4b964eb1383</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-7508-1683</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11139304/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11139304/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2095,2914,23846,27903,27904,53770,53772,79347,79348</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38814891$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Varrasi, Simone</contributor><creatorcontrib>Hearn, Rachael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Selfe, James</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cordero, Maria I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dobbin, Nick</creatorcontrib><title>The effects of person-centred active rehabilitation on symptoms of suspected Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A mixed-methods single case design</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>The objective was to investigate the effectiveness of a person-centred active rehabilitation programme on symptoms associated with suspected Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE). This was accomplished by (1) assessing the effect that a person-centred active rehabilitation programme had on participant symptoms, and (2) exploring how temporal contextual factors affected the participants' experience with, and perceived effectiveness of, the active rehabilitation programme.
A twelve-month mixed-methods single case experimental research design was used with six cases (participants). Individual cases were involved in a 51-week study period including an initial interview and three-week baseline phase. Cases were then randomly allocated to one of two n-of-1 study designs (i.e., A-B, B-A, B-A, A-B or B-A, A-B, A-B, B-A) where A and B represent a non-intervention and intervention phase, respectively. Interviews were conducted regularly throughout the study whilst outcome measures were assessed at each follow-up. Analysis of the data included visual, statistical, and qualitative analysis.
Visual and statistical analysis of cognitive and executive function, and mindful attention, demonstrated trivial-to-large effects with the summary reflecting positive or unclear results. A mixed picture was observed for mood and behaviour with effects considered trivial-to-large, and the summary demonstrating positive, unclear and negative effects. Qualitative analysis indicated a perceived improvement in outcome measures such as memory, attention, anxiety, and emotional control despite mixed quantitative findings whilst a clear impact of contextual factors, such as COVID-19, the political atmosphere, exercise tolerance, programme progression, and motivation were evident during the intervention.
This study has provided primary-level evidence to suggest active rehabilitation as a potential intervention for the management of suspected CTE symptoms. This study has also demonstrated the benefit of a person-centred approach to both clinical research and practice, particularly by considering contextual factors for a better understanding of an intervention effect.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Australian football</subject><subject>Behavior modification</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Cellular proteins</subject><subject>Chronic brain injury</subject><subject>Chronic traumatic encephalopathy</subject><subject>Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy - rehabilitation</subject><subject>Cognition</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>COVID-19 - complications</subject><subject>COVID-19 - psychology</subject><subject>Data collection</subject><subject>Dementia</subject><subject>Design</subject><subject>Effectiveness</subject><subject>Encephalopathy</subject><subject>Executive Function</subject><subject>Exercise</subject><subject>Experimental 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Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hearn, Rachael</au><au>Selfe, James</au><au>Cordero, Maria I</au><au>Dobbin, Nick</au><au>Varrasi, Simone</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The effects of person-centred active rehabilitation on symptoms of suspected Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A mixed-methods single case design</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2024-05-30</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>19</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>e0302260</spage><pages>e0302260-</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>The objective was to investigate the effectiveness of a person-centred active rehabilitation programme on symptoms associated with suspected Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE). This was accomplished by (1) assessing the effect that a person-centred active rehabilitation programme had on participant symptoms, and (2) exploring how temporal contextual factors affected the participants' experience with, and perceived effectiveness of, the active rehabilitation programme.
A twelve-month mixed-methods single case experimental research design was used with six cases (participants). Individual cases were involved in a 51-week study period including an initial interview and three-week baseline phase. Cases were then randomly allocated to one of two n-of-1 study designs (i.e., A-B, B-A, B-A, A-B or B-A, A-B, A-B, B-A) where A and B represent a non-intervention and intervention phase, respectively. Interviews were conducted regularly throughout the study whilst outcome measures were assessed at each follow-up. Analysis of the data included visual, statistical, and qualitative analysis.
Visual and statistical analysis of cognitive and executive function, and mindful attention, demonstrated trivial-to-large effects with the summary reflecting positive or unclear results. A mixed picture was observed for mood and behaviour with effects considered trivial-to-large, and the summary demonstrating positive, unclear and negative effects. Qualitative analysis indicated a perceived improvement in outcome measures such as memory, attention, anxiety, and emotional control despite mixed quantitative findings whilst a clear impact of contextual factors, such as COVID-19, the political atmosphere, exercise tolerance, programme progression, and motivation were evident during the intervention.
This study has provided primary-level evidence to suggest active rehabilitation as a potential intervention for the management of suspected CTE symptoms. This study has also demonstrated the benefit of a person-centred approach to both clinical research and practice, particularly by considering contextual factors for a better understanding of an intervention effect.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>38814891</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0302260</doi><tpages>e0302260</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7508-1683</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; PubMed Central(OpenAccess); Public Library of Science; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Free E-Journal (出版社公開部分のみ）; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Adult Australian football Behavior modification Biology and Life Sciences Cellular proteins Chronic brain injury Chronic traumatic encephalopathy Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy - rehabilitation Cognition COVID-19 COVID-19 - complications COVID-19 - psychology Data collection Dementia Design Effectiveness Encephalopathy Executive Function Exercise Experimental research Female Humans Intervention Interviews Male Medical research Medicine and Health Sciences Medicine, Experimental Methods Middle Aged Neurological disorders Occupational therapy Patient-Centered Care Physical fitness Professional soccer Qualitative analysis Rehabilitation Research design Single-Case Studies as Topic Social Sciences Statistical analysis Statistics Strength training Technical education |
| title | The effects of person-centred active rehabilitation on symptoms of suspected Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A mixed-methods single case design |
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