Digitalisation of information and management optimisation in Multiple Victim Incidents. Analytical study
Triage is a crucial tool for managing a Multiple Victim Incident (MVI). One particularly problematic issue is the communication of results to the chain of command and control. Favourable data exists to suggest that digital triage can improve some features of analogue triage. Within this context we h...
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| creator | Behzadi Koochnai, Navid Muñoz Romo, Raúl Riera López, Nicolás Caballero Cubedo, Rafael Gómez de la Oliva, Soledad Martin de Rosales Cabrera, Teresa Castaño Reguillo, Almudena |
| description | Triage is a crucial tool for managing a Multiple Victim Incident (MVI). One particularly problematic issue is the communication of results to the chain of command and control. Favourable data exists to suggest that digital triage can improve some features of analogue triage. Within this context we have witnessed the emergence of the Valkyries Project, which is working to develop strategies to respond to MVIs, and especially cross-border incidents. To that end, an IT platform called "SIGRUN" has been created which distributes, in real time, all the information to optimise MVI management. A full-scale simulation, held on the Spain-Portugal border and featuring contributions from different institutions on both sides of the border, put to the test the role of information digitalisation in this type of incidents.
To evaluate the impact of the synchronous digitalisation of information on the optimal management of Multiple Victim Incidents.
Clinical evaluation study carried out on a cross-border simulation between Spain and Portugal. A Minimum Data Set (MDS) was established by means of a modified Delphi by a group of experts. The digital platform "SIGRUN" integrated all the information, relaying it in real time to the chain of command and control. Each country assigned two teams that would carry out digital and analogue triage synchronously. Analogue triage variables were gathered by observers accompanying the first responders. Digital triage times were recorded automatically. Each case was evaluated and classified simultaneously by the two participating teams, to carry out a reliability study in a real time scenario.
The total duration of the managing of the incident in the A group of countries involved compared to the B group was 72.5 minutes as opposed to 73 minutes. The total digital assistance triage (AT) time was 37.5 seconds in the digital group, as opposed to 32 minutes in the analogue group. Total evacuation (ET) time was 28 minutes in the digital group compared with 65 minutes in the analogue group. The average differences in total times between the analogue and the digital system, both for primary and secondary evaluation, were statistically significant: p = 0.048 and p = 0.000 respectively. For the "red" category, AT obtained a sensitivity of 100%, also for ET, while with regard to AT safety it obtained a PPV of 61.54% and an NPV of 100%, and for ET it obtained a PPV of 83.33% and an NPV of 100%. For the analogue group, for AT it obtained a sensitivit |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0303247 |
| format | Article |
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To evaluate the impact of the synchronous digitalisation of information on the optimal management of Multiple Victim Incidents.
Clinical evaluation study carried out on a cross-border simulation between Spain and Portugal. A Minimum Data Set (MDS) was established by means of a modified Delphi by a group of experts. The digital platform "SIGRUN" integrated all the information, relaying it in real time to the chain of command and control. Each country assigned two teams that would carry out digital and analogue triage synchronously. Analogue triage variables were gathered by observers accompanying the first responders. Digital triage times were recorded automatically. Each case was evaluated and classified simultaneously by the two participating teams, to carry out a reliability study in a real time scenario.
The total duration of the managing of the incident in the A group of countries involved compared to the B group was 72.5 minutes as opposed to 73 minutes. The total digital assistance triage (AT) time was 37.5 seconds in the digital group, as opposed to 32 minutes in the analogue group. Total evacuation (ET) time was 28 minutes in the digital group compared with 65 minutes in the analogue group. The average differences in total times between the analogue and the digital system, both for primary and secondary evaluation, were statistically significant: p = 0.048 and p = 0.000 respectively. For the "red" category, AT obtained a sensitivity of 100%, also for ET, while with regard to AT safety it obtained a PPV of 61.54% and an NPV of 100%, and for ET it obtained a PPV of 83.33% and an NPV of 100%. For the analogue group, for AT it obtained a sensitivity of 62.50%, for ET, 70%, for AT safety it obtained a PPV of 45.45% and an NPV of 92.31%, while for ET it obtained a PPV of 70% and an NPV of 92.50%. The gap analysis obtained a Kappa index of 0.7674.
The triage system using the developed digital tool demonstrated its validity compared to the analogue tool, as a result of which its use is recommended.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303247</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38743753</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Biology and Life Sciences ; Command and control ; Command and control systems ; Communication ; Computer and Information Sciences ; Computer Simulation ; Delphi method ; Diagnostic tests ; Digitization ; Disaster Planning - methods ; Emergency medical care ; Emergency response ; Evacuations & rescues ; Gap analysis ; Humans ; Information management ; Mass Casualty Incidents ; Medical prognosis ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Optimization ; Patients ; Portugal ; Real time ; Reliability analysis ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Sensitivity ; Simulation ; Social Sciences ; Spain ; Statistical analysis ; Teams ; Triage - methods</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2024-05, Vol.19 (5), p.e0303247-e0303247</ispartof><rights>Copyright: © 2024 Behzadi Koochnai et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2024 Behzadi Koochnai et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2024 Behzadi Koochnai et al 2024 Behzadi Koochnai et al</rights><rights>2024 Behzadi Koochnai et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c712t-ec499ec19f3218a3a240f79b9129ff2ee36f47d3ff7db0ea0ffabb9062c753e93</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3817-2783 ; 0000-0002-0862-434X ; 0000-0002-9320-0356</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11093311/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11093311/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79343,79344</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38743753$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Behzadi Koochnai, Navid</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muñoz Romo, Raúl</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Riera López, Nicolás</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caballero Cubedo, Rafael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gómez de la Oliva, Soledad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martin de Rosales Cabrera, Teresa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Castaño Reguillo, Almudena</creatorcontrib><title>Digitalisation of information and management optimisation in Multiple Victim Incidents. Analytical study</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Triage is a crucial tool for managing a Multiple Victim Incident (MVI). One particularly problematic issue is the communication of results to the chain of command and control. Favourable data exists to suggest that digital triage can improve some features of analogue triage. Within this context we have witnessed the emergence of the Valkyries Project, which is working to develop strategies to respond to MVIs, and especially cross-border incidents. To that end, an IT platform called "SIGRUN" has been created which distributes, in real time, all the information to optimise MVI management. A full-scale simulation, held on the Spain-Portugal border and featuring contributions from different institutions on both sides of the border, put to the test the role of information digitalisation in this type of incidents.
To evaluate the impact of the synchronous digitalisation of information on the optimal management of Multiple Victim Incidents.
Clinical evaluation study carried out on a cross-border simulation between Spain and Portugal. A Minimum Data Set (MDS) was established by means of a modified Delphi by a group of experts. The digital platform "SIGRUN" integrated all the information, relaying it in real time to the chain of command and control. Each country assigned two teams that would carry out digital and analogue triage synchronously. Analogue triage variables were gathered by observers accompanying the first responders. Digital triage times were recorded automatically. Each case was evaluated and classified simultaneously by the two participating teams, to carry out a reliability study in a real time scenario.
The total duration of the managing of the incident in the A group of countries involved compared to the B group was 72.5 minutes as opposed to 73 minutes. The total digital assistance triage (AT) time was 37.5 seconds in the digital group, as opposed to 32 minutes in the analogue group. Total evacuation (ET) time was 28 minutes in the digital group compared with 65 minutes in the analogue group. The average differences in total times between the analogue and the digital system, both for primary and secondary evaluation, were statistically significant: p = 0.048 and p = 0.000 respectively. For the "red" category, AT obtained a sensitivity of 100%, also for ET, while with regard to AT safety it obtained a PPV of 61.54% and an NPV of 100%, and for ET it obtained a PPV of 83.33% and an NPV of 100%. For the analogue group, for AT it obtained a sensitivity of 62.50%, for ET, 70%, for AT safety it obtained a PPV of 45.45% and an NPV of 92.31%, while for ET it obtained a PPV of 70% and an NPV of 92.50%. The gap analysis obtained a Kappa index of 0.7674.
The triage system using the developed digital tool demonstrated its validity compared to the analogue tool, as a result of which its use is recommended.</description><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Command and control</subject><subject>Command and control systems</subject><subject>Communication</subject><subject>Computer and Information Sciences</subject><subject>Computer Simulation</subject><subject>Delphi method</subject><subject>Diagnostic tests</subject><subject>Digitization</subject><subject>Disaster Planning - methods</subject><subject>Emergency medical care</subject><subject>Emergency response</subject><subject>Evacuations & rescues</subject><subject>Gap analysis</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Information management</subject><subject>Mass Casualty Incidents</subject><subject>Medical prognosis</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Optimization</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Portugal</subject><subject>Real time</subject><subject>Reliability analysis</subject><subject>Research and Analysis Methods</subject><subject>Sensitivity</subject><subject>Simulation</subject><subject>Social Sciences</subject><subject>Spain</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Teams</subject><subject>Triage - methods</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk0mP0zAUxyMEYoaBb4AgEhKCQ4uXJI5PqBq2SoNGYpmr5XhJXTl2J3YQ_fY4NB01aA7IB2-_93-L_bLsOQRLiAl8t_VD77hd7rxTS4ABRgV5kJ1DitGiQgA_PFmfZU9C2AJQ4rqqHmdnuCYFJiU-zzYfTGsitybwaLzLvc6N077vDlvuZN5xx1vVKRdzv4umO6LG5V8HG83OqvzGiHSTr50wMoFhma9SbPtoBLd5iIPcP80eaW6DejbNF9nPTx9_XH5ZXF1_Xl-urhaCQBQXShSUKgGpxgjWHHNUAE1oQyGiWiOlcKULIrHWRDZAcaA1bxoKKiRSPorii-zlQXdnfWBTkQLDoKKormGBErE-ENLzLdv1puP9nnlu2N8D37eM9ylyqxiREgqCqqKpVCFA0wBASgUaICstG9IkrfeTt6HplBQp957bmej8xpkNa_0vBiGgGEOYFN5MCr2_HVSILBVYKGu5U34YAy_LokRFNaKv_kHvT2-iWp4yGB8zORajKFsRimtIajRSy3uoNKTqjEhfSpt0PjN4OzNITFS_Y8uHENj6-7f_Z69v5uzrE3ajuI2b4O0wfrEwB4sDKHofQq_0XZUhYGNHHKvBxo5gU0cksxenL3RndGwB_AcfPQhB</recordid><startdate>20240514</startdate><enddate>20240514</enddate><creator>Behzadi Koochnai, Navid</creator><creator>Muñoz Romo, Raúl</creator><creator>Riera López, Nicolás</creator><creator>Caballero Cubedo, Rafael</creator><creator>Gómez de la Oliva, Soledad</creator><creator>Martin de Rosales Cabrera, Teresa</creator><creator>Castaño Reguillo, Almudena</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>COVID</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3817-2783</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0862-434X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9320-0356</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20240514</creationdate><title>Digitalisation of information and management optimisation in Multiple Victim Incidents. 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Behzadi Koochnai, Navid</au><au>Muñoz Romo, Raúl</au><au>Riera López, Nicolás</au><au>Caballero Cubedo, Rafael</au><au>Gómez de la Oliva, Soledad</au><au>Martin de Rosales Cabrera, Teresa</au><au>Castaño Reguillo, Almudena</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Digitalisation of information and management optimisation in Multiple Victim Incidents. Analytical study</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2024-05-14</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>19</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>e0303247</spage><epage>e0303247</epage><pages>e0303247-e0303247</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Triage is a crucial tool for managing a Multiple Victim Incident (MVI). One particularly problematic issue is the communication of results to the chain of command and control. Favourable data exists to suggest that digital triage can improve some features of analogue triage. Within this context we have witnessed the emergence of the Valkyries Project, which is working to develop strategies to respond to MVIs, and especially cross-border incidents. To that end, an IT platform called "SIGRUN" has been created which distributes, in real time, all the information to optimise MVI management. A full-scale simulation, held on the Spain-Portugal border and featuring contributions from different institutions on both sides of the border, put to the test the role of information digitalisation in this type of incidents.
To evaluate the impact of the synchronous digitalisation of information on the optimal management of Multiple Victim Incidents.
Clinical evaluation study carried out on a cross-border simulation between Spain and Portugal. A Minimum Data Set (MDS) was established by means of a modified Delphi by a group of experts. The digital platform "SIGRUN" integrated all the information, relaying it in real time to the chain of command and control. Each country assigned two teams that would carry out digital and analogue triage synchronously. Analogue triage variables were gathered by observers accompanying the first responders. Digital triage times were recorded automatically. Each case was evaluated and classified simultaneously by the two participating teams, to carry out a reliability study in a real time scenario.
The total duration of the managing of the incident in the A group of countries involved compared to the B group was 72.5 minutes as opposed to 73 minutes. The total digital assistance triage (AT) time was 37.5 seconds in the digital group, as opposed to 32 minutes in the analogue group. Total evacuation (ET) time was 28 minutes in the digital group compared with 65 minutes in the analogue group. The average differences in total times between the analogue and the digital system, both for primary and secondary evaluation, were statistically significant: p = 0.048 and p = 0.000 respectively. For the "red" category, AT obtained a sensitivity of 100%, also for ET, while with regard to AT safety it obtained a PPV of 61.54% and an NPV of 100%, and for ET it obtained a PPV of 83.33% and an NPV of 100%. For the analogue group, for AT it obtained a sensitivity of 62.50%, for ET, 70%, for AT safety it obtained a PPV of 45.45% and an NPV of 92.31%, while for ET it obtained a PPV of 70% and an NPV of 92.50%. The gap analysis obtained a Kappa index of 0.7674.
The triage system using the developed digital tool demonstrated its validity compared to the analogue tool, as a result of which its use is recommended.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>38743753</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0303247</doi><tpages>e0303247</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3817-2783</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0862-434X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9320-0356</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2024-05, Vol.19 (5), p.e0303247-e0303247 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_3069288142 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| subjects | Biology and Life Sciences Command and control Command and control systems Communication Computer and Information Sciences Computer Simulation Delphi method Diagnostic tests Digitization Disaster Planning - methods Emergency medical care Emergency response Evacuations & rescues Gap analysis Humans Information management Mass Casualty Incidents Medical prognosis Medicine and Health Sciences Optimization Patients Portugal Real time Reliability analysis Research and Analysis Methods Sensitivity Simulation Social Sciences Spain Statistical analysis Teams Triage - methods |
| title | Digitalisation of information and management optimisation in Multiple Victim Incidents. Analytical study |
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