Shigella and childhood stunting: Evidence, gaps, and future research directions
Early childhood growth deficits have been shown to have lifelong health and economic impacts, yet their connection to one of their underlying causes, diarrheal diseases, has remained difficult to characterize. Identifying the processes and mechanisms that underlie this link has remained a challenge...
Gespeichert in:
Veröffentlicht in: | PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2023-09, Vol.17 (9), p.e0011475 |
---|---|
Hauptverfasser: | , , , |
Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
container_end_page | |
---|---|
container_issue | 9 |
container_start_page | e0011475 |
container_title | PLoS neglected tropical diseases |
container_volume | 17 |
creator | Bagamian, Karoun H Anderson Iv, John D Blohm, Gabriela Scheele, Suzanne |
description | Early childhood growth deficits have been shown to have lifelong health and economic impacts, yet their connection to one of their underlying causes, diarrheal diseases, has remained difficult to characterize. Identifying the processes and mechanisms that underlie this link has remained a challenge due to the complexity of the relationship and limitations in access to more advanced laboratory methods. In recent years, however, several large-scale, multisite studies have extensively investigated and reported the prevalence, etiology, and impacts of diarrheal diseases in children under 5 years (CU5) in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs). These studies, in combination with several single-site studies, have applied more advanced laboratory methods to uncover the etiology, true prevalence, infection mechanisms, and inflammation biomarkers of diarrheal disease. Of the multiple pathogens that have been shown to be strongly associated with diarrheal disease in CU5, Shigella is one of the more prevalent and impactful of these pathogens. In this narrative review, we highlight key insights from these studies and identify knowledge gaps and directions for future research. According to these studies, Shigella is most commonly detected in toddlers and young children; however, it can cause more severe disease and has a greater impact on linear growth for infants. Shigella often has a stronger relationship to linear growth faltering (LGF) than other enteropathogens, with higher Shigella loads resulting in greater growth deficits. Future studies should employ more Shigella-specific molecular assays and identify diarrheal etiologies using standardized diagnostics to improve child anthropometric and Shigella surveillance. Also, they should focus on uncovering the mechanisms of the relationship underlying Shigella and growth faltering to better characterize the role of asymptomatic infections and intestinal inflammation in this relationship. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011475 |
format | Article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_plos_</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_plos_journals_3069183292</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A767592988</galeid><doaj_id>oai_doaj_org_article_2723580256a34148a146d170f1cff9bf</doaj_id><sourcerecordid>A767592988</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c574t-d90165711e2216b26d001d188512caefde517a52a05f9b10a61e8382fad4c7193</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNptkl1rFDEUhgdRbK3-A9EBQbzorjmZyZc3UkrVQqEX6nXI5mMmZTZZk5mC_97s7rTsSslFwslz3pP35FTVW0BLaBh8votTCmpYbsJolggBtIw8q05BNGSBWUOeH5xPqlc53yFEBOHwsjppGBUCNfi0uv3Z-84Og6pVMLXu_WD6GE2dxymMPnRf6qt7b2zQ9rzu1Caf7zg3jVOydbLZqqT72vhk9ehjyK-rF04N2b6Z97Pq97erX5c_Fje3368vL24WmrB2XBiBgBIGYDEGusLUFAcGOCeAtbLOWAJMEawQcWIFSFGwvOHYKdNqVnydVe_3upshZjn3IssGUQG8wQIX4npPmKju5Cb5tUp_ZVRe7gIxdVKl0evBSsxwQzjChKqmhZYraKkBhhxoV8q7ovV1rjat1tZoG8akhiPR45vge9nFewmoFQxwWxQ-zQop_plsHuXaZ71tfLBxyhJz2tLin_GCfvgPfdreTHWqOPDBxVJYb0XlBaOMCCz4Vmv5BFWWsWuvY7DOl_hRwseDhN6qYexzHKbd5x6D7R7UKeacrHvsBiC5HdCHV8vtgMp5QEvau8NOPiY9TGTzDz074Cc</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Website</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>3069183292</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Shigella and childhood stunting: Evidence, gaps, and future research directions</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</source><source>PubMed Central Open Access</source><source>Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><creator>Bagamian, Karoun H ; Anderson Iv, John D ; Blohm, Gabriela ; Scheele, Suzanne</creator><contributor>Vinetz, Joseph M.</contributor><creatorcontrib>Bagamian, Karoun H ; Anderson Iv, John D ; Blohm, Gabriela ; Scheele, Suzanne ; Vinetz, Joseph M.</creatorcontrib><description>Early childhood growth deficits have been shown to have lifelong health and economic impacts, yet their connection to one of their underlying causes, diarrheal diseases, has remained difficult to characterize. Identifying the processes and mechanisms that underlie this link has remained a challenge due to the complexity of the relationship and limitations in access to more advanced laboratory methods. In recent years, however, several large-scale, multisite studies have extensively investigated and reported the prevalence, etiology, and impacts of diarrheal diseases in children under 5 years (CU5) in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs). These studies, in combination with several single-site studies, have applied more advanced laboratory methods to uncover the etiology, true prevalence, infection mechanisms, and inflammation biomarkers of diarrheal disease. Of the multiple pathogens that have been shown to be strongly associated with diarrheal disease in CU5, Shigella is one of the more prevalent and impactful of these pathogens. In this narrative review, we highlight key insights from these studies and identify knowledge gaps and directions for future research. According to these studies, Shigella is most commonly detected in toddlers and young children; however, it can cause more severe disease and has a greater impact on linear growth for infants. Shigella often has a stronger relationship to linear growth faltering (LGF) than other enteropathogens, with higher Shigella loads resulting in greater growth deficits. Future studies should employ more Shigella-specific molecular assays and identify diarrheal etiologies using standardized diagnostics to improve child anthropometric and Shigella surveillance. Also, they should focus on uncovering the mechanisms of the relationship underlying Shigella and growth faltering to better characterize the role of asymptomatic infections and intestinal inflammation in this relationship.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1935-2735</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1935-2727</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1935-2735</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011475</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37699032</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Aetiology ; Age ; Anthropometry ; Asymptomatic ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Biomarkers ; Child, Preschool ; Childhood ; Children ; Children & youth ; Complications and side effects ; Development and progression ; Diagnosis ; Diarrhea ; Diarrhea - epidemiology ; Diseases ; Distribution ; Economic impact ; Etiology ; Failure to thrive ; Growth Disorders - epidemiology ; Growth Disorders - etiology ; Health aspects ; Humans ; Infant ; Infections ; Infectious diseases ; Inflammation ; Laboratory methods ; Malnutrition ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Morbidity ; Mortality ; Pathogens ; People and Places ; Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) ; Review ; Rotavirus ; Shigella ; Stunting ; Viruses</subject><ispartof>PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2023-09, Vol.17 (9), p.e0011475</ispartof><rights>Copyright: © 2023 Bagamian et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2023 Bagamian et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2023 Bagamian et al 2023 Bagamian et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c574t-d90165711e2216b26d001d188512caefde517a52a05f9b10a61e8382fad4c7193</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-6741-1814</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10497124/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10497124/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37699032$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Vinetz, Joseph M.</contributor><creatorcontrib>Bagamian, Karoun H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anderson Iv, John D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blohm, Gabriela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scheele, Suzanne</creatorcontrib><title>Shigella and childhood stunting: Evidence, gaps, and future research directions</title><title>PLoS neglected tropical diseases</title><addtitle>PLoS Negl Trop Dis</addtitle><description>Early childhood growth deficits have been shown to have lifelong health and economic impacts, yet their connection to one of their underlying causes, diarrheal diseases, has remained difficult to characterize. Identifying the processes and mechanisms that underlie this link has remained a challenge due to the complexity of the relationship and limitations in access to more advanced laboratory methods. In recent years, however, several large-scale, multisite studies have extensively investigated and reported the prevalence, etiology, and impacts of diarrheal diseases in children under 5 years (CU5) in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs). These studies, in combination with several single-site studies, have applied more advanced laboratory methods to uncover the etiology, true prevalence, infection mechanisms, and inflammation biomarkers of diarrheal disease. Of the multiple pathogens that have been shown to be strongly associated with diarrheal disease in CU5, Shigella is one of the more prevalent and impactful of these pathogens. In this narrative review, we highlight key insights from these studies and identify knowledge gaps and directions for future research. According to these studies, Shigella is most commonly detected in toddlers and young children; however, it can cause more severe disease and has a greater impact on linear growth for infants. Shigella often has a stronger relationship to linear growth faltering (LGF) than other enteropathogens, with higher Shigella loads resulting in greater growth deficits. Future studies should employ more Shigella-specific molecular assays and identify diarrheal etiologies using standardized diagnostics to improve child anthropometric and Shigella surveillance. Also, they should focus on uncovering the mechanisms of the relationship underlying Shigella and growth faltering to better characterize the role of asymptomatic infections and intestinal inflammation in this relationship.</description><subject>Aetiology</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Anthropometry</subject><subject>Asymptomatic</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomarkers</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Childhood</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>Complications and side effects</subject><subject>Development and progression</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Diarrhea</subject><subject>Diarrhea - epidemiology</subject><subject>Diseases</subject><subject>Distribution</subject><subject>Economic impact</subject><subject>Etiology</subject><subject>Failure to thrive</subject><subject>Growth Disorders - epidemiology</subject><subject>Growth Disorders - etiology</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Laboratory methods</subject><subject>Malnutrition</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Morbidity</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Pathogens</subject><subject>People and Places</subject><subject>Prevalence studies (Epidemiology)</subject><subject>Review</subject><subject>Rotavirus</subject><subject>Shigella</subject><subject>Stunting</subject><subject>Viruses</subject><issn>1935-2735</issn><issn>1935-2727</issn><issn>1935-2735</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNptkl1rFDEUhgdRbK3-A9EBQbzorjmZyZc3UkrVQqEX6nXI5mMmZTZZk5mC_97s7rTsSslFwslz3pP35FTVW0BLaBh8votTCmpYbsJolggBtIw8q05BNGSBWUOeH5xPqlc53yFEBOHwsjppGBUCNfi0uv3Z-84Og6pVMLXu_WD6GE2dxymMPnRf6qt7b2zQ9rzu1Caf7zg3jVOydbLZqqT72vhk9ehjyK-rF04N2b6Z97Pq97erX5c_Fje3368vL24WmrB2XBiBgBIGYDEGusLUFAcGOCeAtbLOWAJMEawQcWIFSFGwvOHYKdNqVnydVe_3upshZjn3IssGUQG8wQIX4npPmKju5Cb5tUp_ZVRe7gIxdVKl0evBSsxwQzjChKqmhZYraKkBhhxoV8q7ovV1rjat1tZoG8akhiPR45vge9nFewmoFQxwWxQ-zQop_plsHuXaZ71tfLBxyhJz2tLin_GCfvgPfdreTHWqOPDBxVJYb0XlBaOMCCz4Vmv5BFWWsWuvY7DOl_hRwseDhN6qYexzHKbd5x6D7R7UKeacrHvsBiC5HdCHV8vtgMp5QEvau8NOPiY9TGTzDz074Cc</recordid><startdate>20230901</startdate><enddate>20230901</enddate><creator>Bagamian, Karoun H</creator><creator>Anderson Iv, John D</creator><creator>Blohm, Gabriela</creator><creator>Scheele, Suzanne</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6741-1814</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230901</creationdate><title>Shigella and childhood stunting: Evidence, gaps, and future research directions</title><author>Bagamian, Karoun H ; Anderson Iv, John D ; Blohm, Gabriela ; Scheele, Suzanne</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c574t-d90165711e2216b26d001d188512caefde517a52a05f9b10a61e8382fad4c7193</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Aetiology</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Anthropometry</topic><topic>Asymptomatic</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biomarkers</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Childhood</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Children & youth</topic><topic>Complications and side effects</topic><topic>Development and progression</topic><topic>Diagnosis</topic><topic>Diarrhea</topic><topic>Diarrhea - epidemiology</topic><topic>Diseases</topic><topic>Distribution</topic><topic>Economic impact</topic><topic>Etiology</topic><topic>Failure to thrive</topic><topic>Growth Disorders - epidemiology</topic><topic>Growth Disorders - etiology</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Infectious diseases</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Laboratory methods</topic><topic>Malnutrition</topic><topic>Medicine and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Morbidity</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Pathogens</topic><topic>People and Places</topic><topic>Prevalence studies (Epidemiology)</topic><topic>Review</topic><topic>Rotavirus</topic><topic>Shigella</topic><topic>Stunting</topic><topic>Viruses</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bagamian, Karoun H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anderson Iv, John D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blohm, Gabriela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scheele, Suzanne</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PLoS neglected tropical diseases</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bagamian, Karoun H</au><au>Anderson Iv, John D</au><au>Blohm, Gabriela</au><au>Scheele, Suzanne</au><au>Vinetz, Joseph M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Shigella and childhood stunting: Evidence, gaps, and future research directions</atitle><jtitle>PLoS neglected tropical diseases</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS Negl Trop Dis</addtitle><date>2023-09-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>17</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>e0011475</spage><pages>e0011475-</pages><issn>1935-2735</issn><issn>1935-2727</issn><eissn>1935-2735</eissn><abstract>Early childhood growth deficits have been shown to have lifelong health and economic impacts, yet their connection to one of their underlying causes, diarrheal diseases, has remained difficult to characterize. Identifying the processes and mechanisms that underlie this link has remained a challenge due to the complexity of the relationship and limitations in access to more advanced laboratory methods. In recent years, however, several large-scale, multisite studies have extensively investigated and reported the prevalence, etiology, and impacts of diarrheal diseases in children under 5 years (CU5) in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs). These studies, in combination with several single-site studies, have applied more advanced laboratory methods to uncover the etiology, true prevalence, infection mechanisms, and inflammation biomarkers of diarrheal disease. Of the multiple pathogens that have been shown to be strongly associated with diarrheal disease in CU5, Shigella is one of the more prevalent and impactful of these pathogens. In this narrative review, we highlight key insights from these studies and identify knowledge gaps and directions for future research. According to these studies, Shigella is most commonly detected in toddlers and young children; however, it can cause more severe disease and has a greater impact on linear growth for infants. Shigella often has a stronger relationship to linear growth faltering (LGF) than other enteropathogens, with higher Shigella loads resulting in greater growth deficits. Future studies should employ more Shigella-specific molecular assays and identify diarrheal etiologies using standardized diagnostics to improve child anthropometric and Shigella surveillance. Also, they should focus on uncovering the mechanisms of the relationship underlying Shigella and growth faltering to better characterize the role of asymptomatic infections and intestinal inflammation in this relationship.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>37699032</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pntd.0011475</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6741-1814</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
fulltext | fulltext |
identifier | ISSN: 1935-2735 |
ispartof | PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2023-09, Vol.17 (9), p.e0011475 |
issn | 1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_plos_journals_3069183292 |
source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; PubMed Central Open Access; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central |
subjects | Aetiology Age Anthropometry Asymptomatic Biology and Life Sciences Biomarkers Child, Preschool Childhood Children Children & youth Complications and side effects Development and progression Diagnosis Diarrhea Diarrhea - epidemiology Diseases Distribution Economic impact Etiology Failure to thrive Growth Disorders - epidemiology Growth Disorders - etiology Health aspects Humans Infant Infections Infectious diseases Inflammation Laboratory methods Malnutrition Medicine and Health Sciences Morbidity Mortality Pathogens People and Places Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) Review Rotavirus Shigella Stunting Viruses |
title | Shigella and childhood stunting: Evidence, gaps, and future research directions |
url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-24T01%3A35%3A32IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Shigella%20and%20childhood%20stunting:%20Evidence,%20gaps,%20and%20future%20research%20directions&rft.jtitle=PLoS%20neglected%20tropical%20diseases&rft.au=Bagamian,%20Karoun%20H&rft.date=2023-09-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=e0011475&rft.pages=e0011475-&rft.issn=1935-2735&rft.eissn=1935-2735&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011475&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA767592988%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=3069183292&rft_id=info:pmid/37699032&rft_galeid=A767592988&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_2723580256a34148a146d170f1cff9bf&rfr_iscdi=true |