Whole-genome resequencing-based characterization of a durum wheat landrace showing similarity to ‘Senatore Cappelli’

Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum spp. durum) is a major cereal adopted since antiquity to feed humans. Due to its use, dating back several millennia, this species features a wide genetic diversity and landraces are considered important repositories of gene pools which constitute invaluable tools for b...

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Veröffentlicht in:PloS one 2023-09, Vol.18 (9), p.e0291430-e0291430
Hauptverfasser: Tateo, Fernando, Bononi, Monica, Castorina, Giulia, Colecchia, Salvatore Antonio, De Benedetti, Stefano, Consonni, Gabriella, Geuna, Filippo
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container_issue 9
container_start_page e0291430
container_title PloS one
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creator Tateo, Fernando
Bononi, Monica
Castorina, Giulia
Colecchia, Salvatore Antonio
De Benedetti, Stefano
Consonni, Gabriella
Geuna, Filippo
description Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum spp. durum) is a major cereal adopted since antiquity to feed humans. Due to its use, dating back several millennia, this species features a wide genetic diversity and landraces are considered important repositories of gene pools which constitute invaluable tools for breeders. The aim of this work is to provide a first characterization of a wheat landrace, referred to as 'TB2018', that was collected in the Apulia region (Southern Italy). 'TB2018' revealed, through visual inspection, characters reminiscent of the traditional variety 'Senatore Cappelli', while exhibiting a distinctive trait, i.e., reduced stature. Indeed, the comparison with a set of Italian durum wheat cultivars conducted in this study, in which 24 CPVO plant descriptors were adopted, placed the 'TB2018' landrace in proximity to the 'Senatore Cappelli' cultivar. In addition, the close similarity between the two genotypes was confirmed by the analysis of the seed protein pattern. A relative reduction was detected for 'TB2018' root elongation in the early stages of plant growth. The 'TB2018' genome sequence, obtained through low-coverage resequencing and comparison to the reference 'Svevo' cultivar is also reported in this study, followed by a genome-wide comparison against 259 durum wheat accessions that placed 'TB2018' close to the 'Cappelli' reference. Hundreds of genes putatively affected by variants that possess Gene Ontology descriptors were detected, among which some were shown to be putatively linked to the morphological traits that distinguish 'TB2018' from 'Senatore Cappelli', Overall, this study poses the basis for a possible exploitation of 'TB2018' per se in cultivation or as a source of alternative alleles in the breeding of traditional cultivars. This work also presents a genomic methodology that exploits the information contained in a low-depth, whole-genome sequence to derive genotypic data useful for cross-platform (chip data) comparisons.
doi_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pone.0291430
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subjects Agricultural production
Analysis
Biology and Life Sciences
Cereals
Computer and Information Sciences
Crops
Cultivars
DNA sequencing
Elongation
Engineering and Technology
Genetic aspects
Genetic diversity
Genomes
Genomics
Genotypes
Nucleotide sequence
Nucleotide sequencing
Pasta
People and places
Plant breeding
Plant growth
Private property
Properties
Research centers
Seeds
Similarity
Triticum durum
Wheat
title Whole-genome resequencing-based characterization of a durum wheat landrace showing similarity to ‘Senatore Cappelli’
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