Reduced visual context effects in global motion processing in depression
Research supports abnormal inhibitory visual motion processing in adults with remitted and current depression, but all studies to date have used paradigms with simple grating stimuli. Global motion processing, where multiple motion signals must be integrated, has not been explored in depression, nor...
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description | Research supports abnormal inhibitory visual motion processing in adults with remitted and current depression, but all studies to date have used paradigms with simple grating stimuli. Global motion processing, where multiple motion signals must be integrated, has not been explored in depression, nor have inhibitory processes within that domain. Depressed participants (n = 46) and healthy controls (n = 28) completed a direction discrimination task featuring a random dot pattern stimulus. Various signal (rightward or leftward dots) to noise (dots with randomly assigned directions) ratios modulated task difficulty. Metrics of global center surround suppression and facilitation were calculated. Accuracy in the baseline condition (i.e., no surrounding annulus) was not significantly different between depressed and healthy participants. Global center surround suppression and facilitation were not significantly different between healthy and depressed participants overall. When limiting the sample to unmedicated individuals, depressed participants (n = 27) showed a reduced global center surround suppression effect compared to controls, and there was no difference in global center surround facilitation. While global motion processing is intact in depression, abnormal center surround suppression effects in depression do extend to global motion stimuli. These alterations may be mitigated by the psychotropic medications taken by some subjects in our depressed sample. Future studies should explore the mechanisms underlying these effects. |
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Global motion processing, where multiple motion signals must be integrated, has not been explored in depression, nor have inhibitory processes within that domain. Depressed participants (n = 46) and healthy controls (n = 28) completed a direction discrimination task featuring a random dot pattern stimulus. Various signal (rightward or leftward dots) to noise (dots with randomly assigned directions) ratios modulated task difficulty. Metrics of global center surround suppression and facilitation were calculated. Accuracy in the baseline condition (i.e., no surrounding annulus) was not significantly different between depressed and healthy participants. Global center surround suppression and facilitation were not significantly different between healthy and depressed participants overall. When limiting the sample to unmedicated individuals, depressed participants (n = 27) showed a reduced global center surround suppression effect compared to controls, and there was no difference in global center surround facilitation. While global motion processing is intact in depression, abnormal center surround suppression effects in depression do extend to global motion stimuli. These alterations may be mitigated by the psychotropic medications taken by some subjects in our depressed sample. Future studies should explore the mechanisms underlying these effects.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291513</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37703305</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>San Francisco: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Achievement tests ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Brain research ; Care and treatment ; Diagnosis ; Evaluation ; Information processing ; Major depressive disorder ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mental depression ; Motion detection ; Psychiatric services ; Schizophrenia ; Social Sciences ; Stimuli ; Visual acuity ; Visual discrimination ; Visual effects ; Visual perception</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2023-09, Vol.18 (9), p.e0291513</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2023 Murray, Norton. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>Copyright: © 2023 Murray, Norton. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</rights><rights>2023 Murray, Norton 2023 Murray, Norton</rights><rights>2023 Murray, Norton. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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Global motion processing, where multiple motion signals must be integrated, has not been explored in depression, nor have inhibitory processes within that domain. Depressed participants (n = 46) and healthy controls (n = 28) completed a direction discrimination task featuring a random dot pattern stimulus. Various signal (rightward or leftward dots) to noise (dots with randomly assigned directions) ratios modulated task difficulty. Metrics of global center surround suppression and facilitation were calculated. Accuracy in the baseline condition (i.e., no surrounding annulus) was not significantly different between depressed and healthy participants. Global center surround suppression and facilitation were not significantly different between healthy and depressed participants overall. When limiting the sample to unmedicated individuals, depressed participants (n = 27) showed a reduced global center surround suppression effect compared to controls, and there was no difference in global center surround facilitation. While global motion processing is intact in depression, abnormal center surround suppression effects in depression do extend to global motion stimuli. These alterations may be mitigated by the psychotropic medications taken by some subjects in our depressed sample. Future studies should explore the mechanisms underlying these effects.</description><subject>Achievement tests</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Brain research</subject><subject>Care and treatment</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Evaluation</subject><subject>Information processing</subject><subject>Major depressive disorder</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Mental depression</subject><subject>Motion detection</subject><subject>Psychiatric services</subject><subject>Schizophrenia</subject><subject>Social Sciences</subject><subject>Stimuli</subject><subject>Visual acuity</subject><subject>Visual discrimination</subject><subject>Visual effects</subject><subject>Visual 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When limiting the sample to unmedicated individuals, depressed participants (n = 27) showed a reduced global center surround suppression effect compared to controls, and there was no difference in global center surround facilitation. While global motion processing is intact in depression, abnormal center surround suppression effects in depression do extend to global motion stimuli. These alterations may be mitigated by the psychotropic medications taken by some subjects in our depressed sample. Future studies should explore the mechanisms underlying these effects.</abstract><cop>San Francisco</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>37703305</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0291513</doi><tpages>e0291513</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7787-3294</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Achievement tests Biology and Life Sciences Brain research Care and treatment Diagnosis Evaluation Information processing Major depressive disorder Medicine and Health Sciences Mental depression Motion detection Psychiatric services Schizophrenia Social Sciences Stimuli Visual acuity Visual discrimination Visual effects Visual perception |
title | Reduced visual context effects in global motion processing in depression |
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