Hepatitis B status and associated factors among participants screened for simulated HIV vaccine efficacy trials in Kenya and Uganda
Hepatitis B (HBV) prevalence remains high in Sub Saharan Africa and among some key populations such as those with continued exposure through sexual contact. We assessed the HBV status among potential participants who were screened for simulated HIV vaccine efficacy trials in Kenya and Uganda. We con...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2023-07, Vol.18 (7), p.e0288604 |
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| creator | Mayanja, Yunia Rida, Wasima Kimani, Joshua Ssetala, Ali Mpendo, Juliet Nanvubya, Annet Mutua, Gaudensia Anzala, Omu Price, Matt A |
| description | Hepatitis B (HBV) prevalence remains high in Sub Saharan Africa and among some key populations such as those with continued exposure through sexual contact. We assessed the HBV status among potential participants who were screened for simulated HIV vaccine efficacy trials in Kenya and Uganda.
We conducted a cross sectional analysis of data collected from individuals who were screened in Kenya (Nairobi) and Uganda (Entebbe and Kampala). The studies followed hypothetical procedures of an HIV vaccine efficacy trial and aimed to enroll HIV negative key and vulnerable populations at elevated risk of HIV acquisition. HBV status was the main outcome categorized using Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and total Hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb). Baseline characteristics potentially associated with never being infected were analyzed using logistic regression.
We screened 1,366 participants with mean age (SD) 28.7 (7.3) years. Overall, 46.6% were from Entebbe, 50.7% had secondary or higher level of education, 76.4% had informal high-risk jobs and 56.3% were male. Kampala had only female participants contributing 60.6% of females screened. Of the screened participants, 94.7% and 3.4% were negative and positive for HBsAg respectively. The prevalence on HBV infection was 3.9% among males and 2.8% among females while prevalence by site was: Entebbe (4.9%); Kampala (4.1%) and Nairobi (0.3%). The highest HBV prevalence was found among participants aged 25-29-years (5.2%), those with primary level education (4.5%), and those in informal low risk jobs (6.5%). Considering 1265 participants with complete data on HBsAg and HBcAb-Total, HBV status was never infected (67.9%), past infection (28.5%), chronic infection (3.2%) and acute infection (0.5%). Of 859 who were never infected, 685 (79.7%) were tested for anti-HBs titers of whom 60 (8.8%) had titers >10IU/L (immune due to vaccination). The odds of never being HBV infected were lower among older individuals 25-29 years (AOR 0.51; 95%CI 0.36-0.71) and ≥30 years (AOR 0.35; 95% CI 0.25-0.49). The odds were higher among participants with informal high-risk jobs from Kampala (AOR 2.21; 95% CI 1.41-3.47) and Nairobi (AOR 2.61; 95% CI 1.72-4.00) compared to those from Entebbe.
HBV prevalence and immunity due to vaccination were low among HIV negative individuals who are eligible for HIV vaccine trials and prevalence varies by age, education level and main occupation. Younger individuals and those recruited from existing cohorts/ |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0288604 |
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We conducted a cross sectional analysis of data collected from individuals who were screened in Kenya (Nairobi) and Uganda (Entebbe and Kampala). The studies followed hypothetical procedures of an HIV vaccine efficacy trial and aimed to enroll HIV negative key and vulnerable populations at elevated risk of HIV acquisition. HBV status was the main outcome categorized using Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and total Hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb). Baseline characteristics potentially associated with never being infected were analyzed using logistic regression.
We screened 1,366 participants with mean age (SD) 28.7 (7.3) years. Overall, 46.6% were from Entebbe, 50.7% had secondary or higher level of education, 76.4% had informal high-risk jobs and 56.3% were male. Kampala had only female participants contributing 60.6% of females screened. Of the screened participants, 94.7% and 3.4% were negative and positive for HBsAg respectively. The prevalence on HBV infection was 3.9% among males and 2.8% among females while prevalence by site was: Entebbe (4.9%); Kampala (4.1%) and Nairobi (0.3%). The highest HBV prevalence was found among participants aged 25-29-years (5.2%), those with primary level education (4.5%), and those in informal low risk jobs (6.5%). Considering 1265 participants with complete data on HBsAg and HBcAb-Total, HBV status was never infected (67.9%), past infection (28.5%), chronic infection (3.2%) and acute infection (0.5%). Of 859 who were never infected, 685 (79.7%) were tested for anti-HBs titers of whom 60 (8.8%) had titers >10IU/L (immune due to vaccination). The odds of never being HBV infected were lower among older individuals 25-29 years (AOR 0.51; 95%CI 0.36-0.71) and ≥30 years (AOR 0.35; 95% CI 0.25-0.49). The odds were higher among participants with informal high-risk jobs from Kampala (AOR 2.21; 95% CI 1.41-3.47) and Nairobi (AOR 2.61; 95% CI 1.72-4.00) compared to those from Entebbe.
HBV prevalence and immunity due to vaccination were low among HIV negative individuals who are eligible for HIV vaccine trials and prevalence varies by age, education level and main occupation. Younger individuals and those recruited from existing cohorts/ clinics have a higher likelihood of having no prior HBV infection. HIV prevention intervention trials are a platform to identify individuals that need HBV vaccination.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288604</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37459311</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Acquired immune deficiency syndrome ; Adult ; AIDS ; AIDS Vaccines ; Analysis ; Antibodies ; Antigens ; Biology and life sciences ; Chronic infection ; Clinical trials ; Clinics ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diagnosis ; Disease prevention ; Education ; Effectiveness ; Female ; Females ; Health aspects ; Health risks ; Hepatitis ; Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis B - complications ; Hepatitis B - epidemiology ; Hepatitis B - prevention & control ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; Hepatitis B surface antigen ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; Hepatitis B virus ; HIV ; HIV (Viruses) ; HIV Infections - complications ; HIV Infections - epidemiology ; HIV Infections - prevention & control ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Humans ; Immunization ; Infections ; Kenya - epidemiology ; Liver cirrhosis ; Male ; Medicine and health sciences ; Patient outcomes ; People and Places ; Populations ; Prevalence ; Prevention ; Public health ; Risk ; Sex industry ; Sexually transmitted diseases ; STD ; Uganda - epidemiology ; Vaccination ; Vaccine Efficacy ; Vaccines ; Womens health</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2023-07, Vol.18 (7), p.e0288604</ispartof><rights>Copyright: © 2023 Mayanja et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2023 Mayanja et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2023 Mayanja et al 2023 Mayanja et al</rights><rights>2023 Mayanja et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c642t-dc79f55261adaf80f6844b6ea6ddc80913e0ac20e490da463ff814cd78b557753</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0414-1818</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10351693/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10351693/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37459311$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Singer, Darrell Eugene</contributor><creatorcontrib>Mayanja, Yunia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rida, Wasima</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kimani, Joshua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ssetala, Ali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mpendo, Juliet</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nanvubya, Annet</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mutua, Gaudensia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anzala, Omu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Price, Matt A</creatorcontrib><title>Hepatitis B status and associated factors among participants screened for simulated HIV vaccine efficacy trials in Kenya and Uganda</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Hepatitis B (HBV) prevalence remains high in Sub Saharan Africa and among some key populations such as those with continued exposure through sexual contact. We assessed the HBV status among potential participants who were screened for simulated HIV vaccine efficacy trials in Kenya and Uganda.
We conducted a cross sectional analysis of data collected from individuals who were screened in Kenya (Nairobi) and Uganda (Entebbe and Kampala). The studies followed hypothetical procedures of an HIV vaccine efficacy trial and aimed to enroll HIV negative key and vulnerable populations at elevated risk of HIV acquisition. HBV status was the main outcome categorized using Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and total Hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb). Baseline characteristics potentially associated with never being infected were analyzed using logistic regression.
We screened 1,366 participants with mean age (SD) 28.7 (7.3) years. Overall, 46.6% were from Entebbe, 50.7% had secondary or higher level of education, 76.4% had informal high-risk jobs and 56.3% were male. Kampala had only female participants contributing 60.6% of females screened. Of the screened participants, 94.7% and 3.4% were negative and positive for HBsAg respectively. The prevalence on HBV infection was 3.9% among males and 2.8% among females while prevalence by site was: Entebbe (4.9%); Kampala (4.1%) and Nairobi (0.3%). The highest HBV prevalence was found among participants aged 25-29-years (5.2%), those with primary level education (4.5%), and those in informal low risk jobs (6.5%). Considering 1265 participants with complete data on HBsAg and HBcAb-Total, HBV status was never infected (67.9%), past infection (28.5%), chronic infection (3.2%) and acute infection (0.5%). Of 859 who were never infected, 685 (79.7%) were tested for anti-HBs titers of whom 60 (8.8%) had titers >10IU/L (immune due to vaccination). The odds of never being HBV infected were lower among older individuals 25-29 years (AOR 0.51; 95%CI 0.36-0.71) and ≥30 years (AOR 0.35; 95% CI 0.25-0.49). The odds were higher among participants with informal high-risk jobs from Kampala (AOR 2.21; 95% CI 1.41-3.47) and Nairobi (AOR 2.61; 95% CI 1.72-4.00) compared to those from Entebbe.
HBV prevalence and immunity due to vaccination were low among HIV negative individuals who are eligible for HIV vaccine trials and prevalence varies by age, education level and main occupation. Younger individuals and those recruited from existing cohorts/ clinics have a higher likelihood of having no prior HBV infection. HIV prevention intervention trials are a platform to identify individuals that need HBV vaccination.</description><subject>Acquired immune deficiency syndrome</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>AIDS</subject><subject>AIDS Vaccines</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Antibodies</subject><subject>Antigens</subject><subject>Biology and life sciences</subject><subject>Chronic infection</subject><subject>Clinical trials</subject><subject>Clinics</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Disease prevention</subject><subject>Education</subject><subject>Effectiveness</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Hepatitis</subject><subject>Hepatitis B</subject><subject>Hepatitis B - complications</subject><subject>Hepatitis B - epidemiology</subject><subject>Hepatitis B - prevention & control</subject><subject>Hepatitis B Antibodies</subject><subject>Hepatitis B surface antigen</subject><subject>Hepatitis B Surface Antigens</subject><subject>Hepatitis B Vaccines</subject><subject>Hepatitis B virus</subject><subject>HIV</subject><subject>HIV (Viruses)</subject><subject>HIV Infections - complications</subject><subject>HIV Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>HIV Infections - prevention & control</subject><subject>Human immunodeficiency virus</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunization</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Kenya - epidemiology</subject><subject>Liver cirrhosis</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine and health sciences</subject><subject>Patient outcomes</subject><subject>People and Places</subject><subject>Populations</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Risk</subject><subject>Sex industry</subject><subject>Sexually transmitted diseases</subject><subject>STD</subject><subject>Uganda - epidemiology</subject><subject>Vaccination</subject><subject>Vaccine Efficacy</subject><subject>Vaccines</subject><subject>Womens 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B status and associated factors among participants screened for simulated HIV vaccine efficacy trials in Kenya and Uganda</title><author>Mayanja, Yunia ; Rida, Wasima ; Kimani, Joshua ; Ssetala, Ali ; Mpendo, Juliet ; Nanvubya, Annet ; Mutua, Gaudensia ; Anzala, Omu ; Price, Matt A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c642t-dc79f55261adaf80f6844b6ea6ddc80913e0ac20e490da463ff814cd78b557753</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Acquired immune deficiency syndrome</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>AIDS</topic><topic>AIDS Vaccines</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Antibodies</topic><topic>Antigens</topic><topic>Biology and life sciences</topic><topic>Chronic infection</topic><topic>Clinical trials</topic><topic>Clinics</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Diagnosis</topic><topic>Disease 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Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Engineering collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mayanja, Yunia</au><au>Rida, Wasima</au><au>Kimani, Joshua</au><au>Ssetala, Ali</au><au>Mpendo, Juliet</au><au>Nanvubya, Annet</au><au>Mutua, Gaudensia</au><au>Anzala, Omu</au><au>Price, Matt A</au><au>Singer, Darrell Eugene</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Hepatitis B status and associated factors among participants screened for simulated HIV vaccine efficacy trials in Kenya and Uganda</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2023-07-17</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>18</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>e0288604</spage><pages>e0288604-</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Hepatitis B (HBV) prevalence remains high in Sub Saharan Africa and among some key populations such as those with continued exposure through sexual contact. We assessed the HBV status among potential participants who were screened for simulated HIV vaccine efficacy trials in Kenya and Uganda.
We conducted a cross sectional analysis of data collected from individuals who were screened in Kenya (Nairobi) and Uganda (Entebbe and Kampala). The studies followed hypothetical procedures of an HIV vaccine efficacy trial and aimed to enroll HIV negative key and vulnerable populations at elevated risk of HIV acquisition. HBV status was the main outcome categorized using Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and total Hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb). Baseline characteristics potentially associated with never being infected were analyzed using logistic regression.
We screened 1,366 participants with mean age (SD) 28.7 (7.3) years. Overall, 46.6% were from Entebbe, 50.7% had secondary or higher level of education, 76.4% had informal high-risk jobs and 56.3% were male. Kampala had only female participants contributing 60.6% of females screened. Of the screened participants, 94.7% and 3.4% were negative and positive for HBsAg respectively. The prevalence on HBV infection was 3.9% among males and 2.8% among females while prevalence by site was: Entebbe (4.9%); Kampala (4.1%) and Nairobi (0.3%). The highest HBV prevalence was found among participants aged 25-29-years (5.2%), those with primary level education (4.5%), and those in informal low risk jobs (6.5%). Considering 1265 participants with complete data on HBsAg and HBcAb-Total, HBV status was never infected (67.9%), past infection (28.5%), chronic infection (3.2%) and acute infection (0.5%). Of 859 who were never infected, 685 (79.7%) were tested for anti-HBs titers of whom 60 (8.8%) had titers >10IU/L (immune due to vaccination). The odds of never being HBV infected were lower among older individuals 25-29 years (AOR 0.51; 95%CI 0.36-0.71) and ≥30 years (AOR 0.35; 95% CI 0.25-0.49). The odds were higher among participants with informal high-risk jobs from Kampala (AOR 2.21; 95% CI 1.41-3.47) and Nairobi (AOR 2.61; 95% CI 1.72-4.00) compared to those from Entebbe.
HBV prevalence and immunity due to vaccination were low among HIV negative individuals who are eligible for HIV vaccine trials and prevalence varies by age, education level and main occupation. Younger individuals and those recruited from existing cohorts/ clinics have a higher likelihood of having no prior HBV infection. HIV prevention intervention trials are a platform to identify individuals that need HBV vaccination.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>37459311</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0288604</doi><tpages>e0288604</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0414-1818</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2023-07, Vol.18 (7), p.e0288604 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2838633890 |
| source | MEDLINE; Public Library of Science; Full-Text Journals in Chemistry (Open access); DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; PubMed Central; EZB Electronic Journals Library |
| subjects | Acquired immune deficiency syndrome Adult AIDS AIDS Vaccines Analysis Antibodies Antigens Biology and life sciences Chronic infection Clinical trials Clinics Cross-Sectional Studies Diagnosis Disease prevention Education Effectiveness Female Females Health aspects Health risks Hepatitis Hepatitis B Hepatitis B - complications Hepatitis B - epidemiology Hepatitis B - prevention & control Hepatitis B Antibodies Hepatitis B surface antigen Hepatitis B Surface Antigens Hepatitis B Vaccines Hepatitis B virus HIV HIV (Viruses) HIV Infections - complications HIV Infections - epidemiology HIV Infections - prevention & control Human immunodeficiency virus Humans Immunization Infections Kenya - epidemiology Liver cirrhosis Male Medicine and health sciences Patient outcomes People and Places Populations Prevalence Prevention Public health Risk Sex industry Sexually transmitted diseases STD Uganda - epidemiology Vaccination Vaccine Efficacy Vaccines Womens health |
| title | Hepatitis B status and associated factors among participants screened for simulated HIV vaccine efficacy trials in Kenya and Uganda |
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