Clade-D auxin response factors regulate auxin signaling and development in the moss Physcomitrium patens
Auxin response factors (ARFs) are a family of transcription factors that are responsible for regulating gene expression in response to changes in auxin level. The analysis of ARF sequence and activity indicates that there are 2 major groups: activators and repressors. One clade of ARFs, clade-D, is...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PLoS biology 2023-06, Vol.21 (6), p.e3002163-e3002163 |
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| creator | Bascom, Jr, Carlisle Prigge, Michael J Szutu, Whitnie Bantle, Alexis Irmak, Sophie Tu, Daniella Estelle, Mark |
| description | Auxin response factors (ARFs) are a family of transcription factors that are responsible for regulating gene expression in response to changes in auxin level. The analysis of ARF sequence and activity indicates that there are 2 major groups: activators and repressors. One clade of ARFs, clade-D, is sister to clade-A activating ARFs, but are unique in that they lack a DNA-binding domain. Clade-D ARFs are present in lycophytes and bryophytes but absent in other plant lineages. The transcriptional activity of clade-D ARFs, as well as how they regulate gene expression, is not well understood. Here, we report that clade-D ARFs are transcriptional activators in the model bryophyte Physcomitrium patens and have a major role in the development of this species. Δarfddub protonemata exhibit a delay in filament branching, as well as a delay in the chloronema to caulonema transition. Additionally, leafy gametophore development in Δarfddub lines lags behind wild type. We present evidence that ARFd1 interacts with activating ARFs via their PB1 domains, but not with repressing ARFs. Based on these results, we propose a model in which clade-D ARFs enhance gene expression by interacting with DNA bound clade-A ARFs. Further, we show that ARFd1 must form oligomers for full activity. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002163 |
| format | Article |
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The analysis of ARF sequence and activity indicates that there are 2 major groups: activators and repressors. One clade of ARFs, clade-D, is sister to clade-A activating ARFs, but are unique in that they lack a DNA-binding domain. Clade-D ARFs are present in lycophytes and bryophytes but absent in other plant lineages. The transcriptional activity of clade-D ARFs, as well as how they regulate gene expression, is not well understood. Here, we report that clade-D ARFs are transcriptional activators in the model bryophyte Physcomitrium patens and have a major role in the development of this species. Δarfddub protonemata exhibit a delay in filament branching, as well as a delay in the chloronema to caulonema transition. Additionally, leafy gametophore development in Δarfddub lines lags behind wild type. We present evidence that ARFd1 interacts with activating ARFs via their PB1 domains, but not with repressing ARFs. Based on these results, we propose a model in which clade-D ARFs enhance gene expression by interacting with DNA bound clade-A ARFs. Further, we show that ARFd1 must form oligomers for full activity.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1545-7885</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1544-9173</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1545-7885</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002163</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37315060</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Acids ; Aquatic plants ; Auxin ; Auxins ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Botanical research ; Bryophytes ; Cellular signal transduction ; Chlorophyll ; CRISPR ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; DNA ; Gene expression ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genes ; Genetic aspects ; Genetic regulation ; Genomes ; Genotype & phenotype ; Indoleacetic Acids - metabolism ; Moss ; Mutation ; Physcomitrium patens ; Physical Sciences ; Physiological aspects ; Plant Proteins - metabolism ; Proteins ; Repressors ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription factors ; Transcription Factors - genetics ; Transcription Factors - metabolism</subject><ispartof>PLoS biology, 2023-06, Vol.21 (6), p.e3002163-e3002163</ispartof><rights>Copyright: © 2023 Bascom et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2023 Bascom et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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The analysis of ARF sequence and activity indicates that there are 2 major groups: activators and repressors. One clade of ARFs, clade-D, is sister to clade-A activating ARFs, but are unique in that they lack a DNA-binding domain. Clade-D ARFs are present in lycophytes and bryophytes but absent in other plant lineages. The transcriptional activity of clade-D ARFs, as well as how they regulate gene expression, is not well understood. Here, we report that clade-D ARFs are transcriptional activators in the model bryophyte Physcomitrium patens and have a major role in the development of this species. Δarfddub protonemata exhibit a delay in filament branching, as well as a delay in the chloronema to caulonema transition. Additionally, leafy gametophore development in Δarfddub lines lags behind wild type. We present evidence that ARFd1 interacts with activating ARFs via their PB1 domains, but not with repressing ARFs. 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The analysis of ARF sequence and activity indicates that there are 2 major groups: activators and repressors. One clade of ARFs, clade-D, is sister to clade-A activating ARFs, but are unique in that they lack a DNA-binding domain. Clade-D ARFs are present in lycophytes and bryophytes but absent in other plant lineages. The transcriptional activity of clade-D ARFs, as well as how they regulate gene expression, is not well understood. Here, we report that clade-D ARFs are transcriptional activators in the model bryophyte Physcomitrium patens and have a major role in the development of this species. Δarfddub protonemata exhibit a delay in filament branching, as well as a delay in the chloronema to caulonema transition. Additionally, leafy gametophore development in Δarfddub lines lags behind wild type. We present evidence that ARFd1 interacts with activating ARFs via their PB1 domains, but not with repressing ARFs. 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| subjects | Acids Aquatic plants Auxin Auxins Biology and Life Sciences Botanical research Bryophytes Cellular signal transduction Chlorophyll CRISPR Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA Gene expression Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Genes Genetic aspects Genetic regulation Genomes Genotype & phenotype Indoleacetic Acids - metabolism Moss Mutation Physcomitrium patens Physical Sciences Physiological aspects Plant Proteins - metabolism Proteins Repressors Research and Analysis Methods Signal Transduction Transcription factors Transcription Factors - genetics Transcription Factors - metabolism |
| title | Clade-D auxin response factors regulate auxin signaling and development in the moss Physcomitrium patens |
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