Estimated direct and indirect health care costs of severe infectious keratitis by cultured organisms in Thailand: An 8-year retrospective study
To evaluate the economic impact of treating severe infectious keratitis (IK) at one tertiary referral center in Thailand by analyzing the direct costs of treatment and estimating the indirect costs, and to determine whether cultured organisms had any effect on treatment expenditure. A retrospective...
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| creator | Chantra, Somporn Jittreprasert, Supachase Chotcomwongse, Peranut Amornpetchsathaporn, Anyarak |
| description | To evaluate the economic impact of treating severe infectious keratitis (IK) at one tertiary referral center in Thailand by analyzing the direct costs of treatment and estimating the indirect costs, and to determine whether cultured organisms had any effect on treatment expenditure.
A retrospective study was conducted of patients with severe IK who had been hospitalized between January 2014 and December 2021 in Rajavithi Hospital. Data from medical records were collected from the time of the patients' admission until the point at which they were discharged and treated in the outpatient department and their IK was completely healed, or until evisceration/enucleation was performed. The direct costs of treatment included fees for services, medical professionals and investigation, as well as for operative and non-operative treatment. The indirect costs consisted of patients' loss of wages, and costs of travel and food.
A total of 335 patients were studied. The median direct, indirect and total costs were US$65.2, range US$ 6.5-1,119.1, US$314.5, range US$50.8-1,067.5, and US$426.1, range 57.5-1,971.5 respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between direct, indirect, or total treatment costs for culture-negative and culture-positive patients. Among those who were positive, fungal infections entailed the highest total cost of treatment, and this difference was statistically significant (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0288442 |
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A retrospective study was conducted of patients with severe IK who had been hospitalized between January 2014 and December 2021 in Rajavithi Hospital. Data from medical records were collected from the time of the patients' admission until the point at which they were discharged and treated in the outpatient department and their IK was completely healed, or until evisceration/enucleation was performed. The direct costs of treatment included fees for services, medical professionals and investigation, as well as for operative and non-operative treatment. The indirect costs consisted of patients' loss of wages, and costs of travel and food.
A total of 335 patients were studied. The median direct, indirect and total costs were US$65.2, range US$ 6.5-1,119.1, US$314.5, range US$50.8-1,067.5, and US$426.1, range 57.5-1,971.5 respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between direct, indirect, or total treatment costs for culture-negative and culture-positive patients. Among those who were positive, fungal infections entailed the highest total cost of treatment, and this difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). In terms of direct and indirect costs, patients with fungal infections had the greatest direct costs, and this figure was statistically significant (p = 0.001); however, those with parasitic infections had the highest indirect treatment costs, and this was also statistically significant (p<0.001).
Severe IK can cause serious vision impairment or blindness. Indirect costs represented the majority of the expense at 73.8%. There was no difference between direct, indirect, and total treatment costs for patients who were culture-negative or positive. Among the latter, fungal infections resulted in the highest total cost of treatment.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288442</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37437049</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Bacterial infections ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Care and treatment ; Corneal transplantation ; Cost analysis ; Costs ; Economic aspects ; Economic impact ; Enucleation ; Evaluation ; Eye surgery ; Food ; Fungal infections ; Fungi ; Health aspects ; Health Care Costs ; Health care expenditures ; Health care policy ; Health Facilities ; Health insurance ; Health services ; Hospitalization ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Impact analysis ; Intervention ; Keratitis ; Keratitis - therapy ; Length of stay ; Medical care, Cost of ; Medical personnel ; Medical records ; Medical research ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Medicine, Experimental ; Parasitic diseases ; Patient outcomes ; Patients ; Professional ethics ; Public health ; Retrospective Studies ; Social Sciences ; Statistical analysis ; Thailand - epidemiology ; Viral infections ; Visual impairment</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2023-07, Vol.18 (7), p.e0288442-e0288442</ispartof><rights>Copyright: © 2023 Chantra et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2023 Chantra et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2023 Chantra et al 2023 Chantra et al</rights><rights>2023 Chantra et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c627t-290fb30b919f4d03425ef7713b545a368b44778f4f926c409f9d8441d4d46ffa3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c627t-290fb30b919f4d03425ef7713b545a368b44778f4f926c409f9d8441d4d46ffa3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0319-4384</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10337972/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10337972/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79342,79343</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37437049$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chantra, Somporn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jittreprasert, Supachase</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chotcomwongse, Peranut</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Amornpetchsathaporn, Anyarak</creatorcontrib><title>Estimated direct and indirect health care costs of severe infectious keratitis by cultured organisms in Thailand: An 8-year retrospective study</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>To evaluate the economic impact of treating severe infectious keratitis (IK) at one tertiary referral center in Thailand by analyzing the direct costs of treatment and estimating the indirect costs, and to determine whether cultured organisms had any effect on treatment expenditure.
A retrospective study was conducted of patients with severe IK who had been hospitalized between January 2014 and December 2021 in Rajavithi Hospital. Data from medical records were collected from the time of the patients' admission until the point at which they were discharged and treated in the outpatient department and their IK was completely healed, or until evisceration/enucleation was performed. The direct costs of treatment included fees for services, medical professionals and investigation, as well as for operative and non-operative treatment. The indirect costs consisted of patients' loss of wages, and costs of travel and food.
A total of 335 patients were studied. The median direct, indirect and total costs were US$65.2, range US$ 6.5-1,119.1, US$314.5, range US$50.8-1,067.5, and US$426.1, range 57.5-1,971.5 respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between direct, indirect, or total treatment costs for culture-negative and culture-positive patients. Among those who were positive, fungal infections entailed the highest total cost of treatment, and this difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). In terms of direct and indirect costs, patients with fungal infections had the greatest direct costs, and this figure was statistically significant (p = 0.001); however, those with parasitic infections had the highest indirect treatment costs, and this was also statistically significant (p<0.001).
Severe IK can cause serious vision impairment or blindness. Indirect costs represented the majority of the expense at 73.8%. There was no difference between direct, indirect, and total treatment costs for patients who were culture-negative or positive. Among the latter, fungal infections resulted in the highest total cost of treatment.</description><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Bacterial infections</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Care and treatment</subject><subject>Corneal transplantation</subject><subject>Cost analysis</subject><subject>Costs</subject><subject>Economic aspects</subject><subject>Economic impact</subject><subject>Enucleation</subject><subject>Evaluation</subject><subject>Eye surgery</subject><subject>Food</subject><subject>Fungal infections</subject><subject>Fungi</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Health Care Costs</subject><subject>Health care expenditures</subject><subject>Health care policy</subject><subject>Health Facilities</subject><subject>Health insurance</subject><subject>Health services</subject><subject>Hospitalization</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Impact analysis</subject><subject>Intervention</subject><subject>Keratitis</subject><subject>Keratitis - therapy</subject><subject>Length of stay</subject><subject>Medical care, Cost of</subject><subject>Medical personnel</subject><subject>Medical records</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Medicine, Experimental</subject><subject>Parasitic diseases</subject><subject>Patient outcomes</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Professional ethics</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Social Sciences</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Thailand - epidemiology</subject><subject>Viral infections</subject><subject>Visual impairment</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNqNktGO1CAUhonRuOvoGxglMTF60ZECLdQbM9msuskmm-jqLaHtYYa1U0agE-cpfGWp093MmL0wXMCB7_yQnx-h5zmZ50zk727c4HvdzTeuhzmhUnJOH6DTvGI0KylhDw_WJ-hJCDeEFEyW5WN0wgRngvDqFP0-D9GudYQWt9ZDE7HuW2z7qViB7uIKN9oDblyIATuDA2wh1bY3CbFuCPgHeB1ttAHXO9wMXRx8EnR-qXsb1iGh-HqlbZe03-NFj2W2A-2xh-hd2IwqW8AhDu3uKXpkdBfg2TTP0LeP59dnn7PLq08XZ4vLrCmpiBmtiKkZqau8MrwljNMCjBA5qwteaFbKmnMhpOGmomXDSWWqNhmUt7zlpTGazdDLve6mc0FNXgZFJStpQYqcJuLDRAz1GtoG-uh1pzY-2eV3ymmrjk96u1JLt1U5YUxUYlR4Myl493OAENXahga6ZAMk1_5eJoUc-Rl69Q96_5Mmaqk7UMl_ly5uRlG1EEUppSjSx87Q_B4qjRbWtklpMTbtHzW8PWpITIRfcamHENTF1y__z159P2ZfH7D7KAXXDSkzfTgG-R5sUhyCB3Pnck7UGPZbN9QYdjWFPbW9OPyhu6bbdLM_wK_70g</recordid><startdate>20230712</startdate><enddate>20230712</enddate><creator>Chantra, Somporn</creator><creator>Jittreprasert, Supachase</creator><creator>Chotcomwongse, Peranut</creator><creator>Amornpetchsathaporn, Anyarak</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0319-4384</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230712</creationdate><title>Estimated direct and indirect health care costs of severe infectious keratitis by cultured organisms in Thailand: An 8-year retrospective study</title><author>Chantra, Somporn ; Jittreprasert, Supachase ; Chotcomwongse, Peranut ; Amornpetchsathaporn, Anyarak</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c627t-290fb30b919f4d03425ef7713b545a368b44778f4f926c409f9d8441d4d46ffa3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Bacterial infections</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Care and treatment</topic><topic>Corneal transplantation</topic><topic>Cost analysis</topic><topic>Costs</topic><topic>Economic aspects</topic><topic>Economic impact</topic><topic>Enucleation</topic><topic>Evaluation</topic><topic>Eye surgery</topic><topic>Food</topic><topic>Fungal infections</topic><topic>Fungi</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Health Care Costs</topic><topic>Health care expenditures</topic><topic>Health care policy</topic><topic>Health Facilities</topic><topic>Health insurance</topic><topic>Health services</topic><topic>Hospitalization</topic><topic>Hospitals</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Impact analysis</topic><topic>Intervention</topic><topic>Keratitis</topic><topic>Keratitis - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Chantra, Somporn</au><au>Jittreprasert, Supachase</au><au>Chotcomwongse, Peranut</au><au>Amornpetchsathaporn, Anyarak</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Estimated direct and indirect health care costs of severe infectious keratitis by cultured organisms in Thailand: An 8-year retrospective study</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2023-07-12</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>18</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>e0288442</spage><epage>e0288442</epage><pages>e0288442-e0288442</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>To evaluate the economic impact of treating severe infectious keratitis (IK) at one tertiary referral center in Thailand by analyzing the direct costs of treatment and estimating the indirect costs, and to determine whether cultured organisms had any effect on treatment expenditure.
A retrospective study was conducted of patients with severe IK who had been hospitalized between January 2014 and December 2021 in Rajavithi Hospital. Data from medical records were collected from the time of the patients' admission until the point at which they were discharged and treated in the outpatient department and their IK was completely healed, or until evisceration/enucleation was performed. The direct costs of treatment included fees for services, medical professionals and investigation, as well as for operative and non-operative treatment. The indirect costs consisted of patients' loss of wages, and costs of travel and food.
A total of 335 patients were studied. The median direct, indirect and total costs were US$65.2, range US$ 6.5-1,119.1, US$314.5, range US$50.8-1,067.5, and US$426.1, range 57.5-1,971.5 respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between direct, indirect, or total treatment costs for culture-negative and culture-positive patients. Among those who were positive, fungal infections entailed the highest total cost of treatment, and this difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). In terms of direct and indirect costs, patients with fungal infections had the greatest direct costs, and this figure was statistically significant (p = 0.001); however, those with parasitic infections had the highest indirect treatment costs, and this was also statistically significant (p<0.001).
Severe IK can cause serious vision impairment or blindness. Indirect costs represented the majority of the expense at 73.8%. There was no difference between direct, indirect, and total treatment costs for patients who were culture-negative or positive. Among the latter, fungal infections resulted in the highest total cost of treatment.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>37437049</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0288442</doi><tpages>e0288442</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0319-4384</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
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| source | MEDLINE; PMC (PubMed Central); Public Library of Science; Full-Text Journals in Chemistry (Open access); DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB Electronic Journals Library |
| subjects | Analysis Bacterial infections Biology and Life Sciences Care and treatment Corneal transplantation Cost analysis Costs Economic aspects Economic impact Enucleation Evaluation Eye surgery Food Fungal infections Fungi Health aspects Health Care Costs Health care expenditures Health care policy Health Facilities Health insurance Health services Hospitalization Hospitals Humans Impact analysis Intervention Keratitis Keratitis - therapy Length of stay Medical care, Cost of Medical personnel Medical records Medical research Medicine and Health Sciences Medicine, Experimental Parasitic diseases Patient outcomes Patients Professional ethics Public health Retrospective Studies Social Sciences Statistical analysis Thailand - epidemiology Viral infections Visual impairment |
| title | Estimated direct and indirect health care costs of severe infectious keratitis by cultured organisms in Thailand: An 8-year retrospective study |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-11T18%3A15%3A01IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Estimated%20direct%20and%20indirect%20health%20care%20costs%20of%20severe%20infectious%20keratitis%20by%20cultured%20organisms%20in%20Thailand:%20An%208-year%20retrospective%20study&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Chantra,%20Somporn&rft.date=2023-07-12&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=e0288442&rft.epage=e0288442&rft.pages=e0288442-e0288442&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0288442&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA756887574%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2836250512&rft_id=info:pmid/37437049&rft_galeid=A756887574&rfr_iscdi=true |