Evidence on the links between water insecurity, inadequate sanitation and mental health: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Water insecurity and inadequate sanitation have adverse impacts on the mental health of individuals. To review and synthesize evidence on the relationship between water insecurity, inadequate sanitation, and mental health globally. Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, PsycINFO, and...
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| creator | Kimutai, Joan J Lund, Crick Moturi, Wilkister N Shewangizaw, Seble Feyasa, Merga Hanlon, Charlotte |
| description | Water insecurity and inadequate sanitation have adverse impacts on the mental health of individuals.
To review and synthesize evidence on the relationship between water insecurity, inadequate sanitation, and mental health globally.
Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, PsycINFO, and EMBASE databases from inception up to March 2023.
Only quantitative studies were included. The exposure was water insecurity and or inadequate sanitation. The outcome was common mental disorders (CMD: depression or anxiety), mental distress, mental health or well-being. There was no restriction on geographical location.
General population or people attending health facilities or other services.
Water insecurity and/ or inadequate sanitation.
The effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) assessment tool was used to assess quality of selected studies.
A meta-analysis was conducted using a random effects statistical model.
Twenty-five studies were included, with 23,103 participants from 16 countries in three continents: Africa (Kenya, Ethiopia, Ghana, Uganda, South Africa, Malawi, Mozambique, and Lesotho), Asia (Nepal, Bangladesh, India, and Iran) and the Americas (Brazil, Haiti, Bolivia and Vietnam). There was a statistically significant association between water insecurity and CMD symptoms. Nine studies reported a continuous outcome (5,248 participants): overall standardized mean difference (SMD = 1.38; 95% CI = 0.88, 1.87). Five studies reported a binary outcome (5,776 participants): odds ratio 5.03; 95% CI = 2.26, 11.18. There was a statistically significant association between inadequate sanitation and CMD symptoms (7415 participants), overall SMD = 5.36; 95% CI = 2.51, 8.20.
Most of the included studies were cross-sectional which were unable to examine temporal relationships.
Water insecurity and inadequate sanitation contribute to poorer mental health globally.
Interventions to provide basic water, sanitation and psychosocial support, could substantially contribute to reducing the burden of CMD alongside other health and social benefits.
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022322528. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0286146 |
| format | Article |
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To review and synthesize evidence on the relationship between water insecurity, inadequate sanitation, and mental health globally.
Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, PsycINFO, and EMBASE databases from inception up to March 2023.
Only quantitative studies were included. The exposure was water insecurity and or inadequate sanitation. The outcome was common mental disorders (CMD: depression or anxiety), mental distress, mental health or well-being. There was no restriction on geographical location.
General population or people attending health facilities or other services.
Water insecurity and/ or inadequate sanitation.
The effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) assessment tool was used to assess quality of selected studies.
A meta-analysis was conducted using a random effects statistical model.
Twenty-five studies were included, with 23,103 participants from 16 countries in three continents: Africa (Kenya, Ethiopia, Ghana, Uganda, South Africa, Malawi, Mozambique, and Lesotho), Asia (Nepal, Bangladesh, India, and Iran) and the Americas (Brazil, Haiti, Bolivia and Vietnam). There was a statistically significant association between water insecurity and CMD symptoms. Nine studies reported a continuous outcome (5,248 participants): overall standardized mean difference (SMD = 1.38; 95% CI = 0.88, 1.87). Five studies reported a binary outcome (5,776 participants): odds ratio 5.03; 95% CI = 2.26, 11.18. There was a statistically significant association between inadequate sanitation and CMD symptoms (7415 participants), overall SMD = 5.36; 95% CI = 2.51, 8.20.
Most of the included studies were cross-sectional which were unable to examine temporal relationships.
Water insecurity and inadequate sanitation contribute to poorer mental health globally.
Interventions to provide basic water, sanitation and psychosocial support, could substantially contribute to reducing the burden of CMD alongside other health and social benefits.
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To review and synthesize evidence on the relationship between water insecurity, inadequate sanitation, and mental health globally.
Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, PsycINFO, and EMBASE databases from inception up to March 2023.
Only quantitative studies were included. The exposure was water insecurity and or inadequate sanitation. The outcome was common mental disorders (CMD: depression or anxiety), mental distress, mental health or well-being. There was no restriction on geographical location.
General population or people attending health facilities or other services.
Water insecurity and/ or inadequate sanitation.
The effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) assessment tool was used to assess quality of selected studies.
A meta-analysis was conducted using a random effects statistical model.
Twenty-five studies were included, with 23,103 participants from 16 countries in three continents: Africa (Kenya, Ethiopia, Ghana, Uganda, South Africa, Malawi, Mozambique, and Lesotho), Asia (Nepal, Bangladesh, India, and Iran) and the Americas (Brazil, Haiti, Bolivia and Vietnam). There was a statistically significant association between water insecurity and CMD symptoms. Nine studies reported a continuous outcome (5,248 participants): overall standardized mean difference (SMD = 1.38; 95% CI = 0.88, 1.87). Five studies reported a binary outcome (5,776 participants): odds ratio 5.03; 95% CI = 2.26, 11.18. There was a statistically significant association between inadequate sanitation and CMD symptoms (7415 participants), overall SMD = 5.36; 95% CI = 2.51, 8.20.
Most of the included studies were cross-sectional which were unable to examine temporal relationships.
Water insecurity and inadequate sanitation contribute to poorer mental health globally.
Interventions to provide basic water, sanitation and psychosocial support, could substantially contribute to reducing the burden of CMD alongside other health and social benefits.
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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kimutai, Joan J</au><au>Lund, Crick</au><au>Moturi, Wilkister N</au><au>Shewangizaw, Seble</au><au>Feyasa, Merga</au><au>Hanlon, Charlotte</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Evidence on the links between water insecurity, inadequate sanitation and mental health: A systematic review and meta-analysis</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2023-05-25</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>18</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>e0286146</spage><epage>e0286146</epage><pages>e0286146-e0286146</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Water insecurity and inadequate sanitation have adverse impacts on the mental health of individuals.
To review and synthesize evidence on the relationship between water insecurity, inadequate sanitation, and mental health globally.
Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, PsycINFO, and EMBASE databases from inception up to March 2023.
Only quantitative studies were included. The exposure was water insecurity and or inadequate sanitation. The outcome was common mental disorders (CMD: depression or anxiety), mental distress, mental health or well-being. There was no restriction on geographical location.
General population or people attending health facilities or other services.
Water insecurity and/ or inadequate sanitation.
The effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) assessment tool was used to assess quality of selected studies.
A meta-analysis was conducted using a random effects statistical model.
Twenty-five studies were included, with 23,103 participants from 16 countries in three continents: Africa (Kenya, Ethiopia, Ghana, Uganda, South Africa, Malawi, Mozambique, and Lesotho), Asia (Nepal, Bangladesh, India, and Iran) and the Americas (Brazil, Haiti, Bolivia and Vietnam). There was a statistically significant association between water insecurity and CMD symptoms. Nine studies reported a continuous outcome (5,248 participants): overall standardized mean difference (SMD = 1.38; 95% CI = 0.88, 1.87). Five studies reported a binary outcome (5,776 participants): odds ratio 5.03; 95% CI = 2.26, 11.18. There was a statistically significant association between inadequate sanitation and CMD symptoms (7415 participants), overall SMD = 5.36; 95% CI = 2.51, 8.20.
Most of the included studies were cross-sectional which were unable to examine temporal relationships.
Water insecurity and inadequate sanitation contribute to poorer mental health globally.
Interventions to provide basic water, sanitation and psychosocial support, could substantially contribute to reducing the burden of CMD alongside other health and social benefits.
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022322528.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>37228056</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0286146</doi><tpages>e0286146</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9289-5176</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2023-05, Vol.18 (5), p.e0286146-e0286146 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2819260930 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| subjects | Analysis Anxiety Anxiety - epidemiology Biology and Life Sciences Care and treatment Data collection Defecation Depression, Mental Drinking water Ecology and Environmental Sciences Ethiopia Geographical distribution Geographical locations Health care facilities Humans Intervention Mathematical models Medicine and Health Sciences Mental depression Mental disorders Mental Health Meta-analysis Patient outcomes Physical Sciences Public health Quality assessment Quantitative research Research and Analysis Methods Sanitation Signs and symptoms Social Sciences Software Statistical analysis Statistical models Systematic review Violence Water Insecurity Well being |
| title | Evidence on the links between water insecurity, inadequate sanitation and mental health: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-05T13%3A54%3A35IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Evidence%20on%20the%20links%20between%20water%20insecurity,%20inadequate%20sanitation%20and%20mental%20health:%20A%20systematic%20review%20and%20meta-analysis&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Kimutai,%20Joan%20J&rft.date=2023-05-25&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=e0286146&rft.epage=e0286146&rft.pages=e0286146-e0286146&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0286146&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA750653700%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2819260930&rft_id=info:pmid/37228056&rft_galeid=A750653700&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_3191e8f0278846e1b6aae245af792d35&rfr_iscdi=true |