A social system to disperse the irrigation start date based on the spatial public goods game
In paddy rice cultivation, the amount of water used during the beginning of the irrigation season is the highest. However, there is a possibility of a water shortage at this season as climate change decreases snowfall. In this study, we propose new schemes based on the public goods game to reduce pe...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2023-05, Vol.18 (5), p.e0286127-e0286127 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | e0286127 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 5 |
| container_start_page | e0286127 |
| container_title | PloS one |
| container_volume | 18 |
| creator | Nakagawa, Yoshiaki Yokozawa, Masayuki |
| description | In paddy rice cultivation, the amount of water used during the beginning of the irrigation season is the highest. However, there is a possibility of a water shortage at this season as climate change decreases snowfall. In this study, we propose new schemes based on the public goods game to reduce peak water volume during this season by dispersing the irrigation start dates. In our agent-based model, agents determine the irrigation start date based on the evolutionary game theory. This model considers the economic variables of individual farmers (e.g., gross cultivation profit and cultivation cost), the cost and subsidy for cooperation for the dispersion of the irrigation start dates, and the information-sharing network between farmers. Individual farmers update the cooperation/defection strategy at each time step based on their payoffs. Using this agent-based model simulation, we investigate a scheme that maximizes the dispersion of irrigation start dates among multiple scheme candidates. The results of the simulation show that, under the schemes in which one farmer belongs to a group and the groups do not overlap, the number of cooperating farmers did not increase, and the dispersion of irrigation start dates barely increased. By adopting a scheme in which one farmer belongs to multiple groups and the groups overlap, the number of cooperating farmers increased, while the dispersion of irrigation start dates maximized. Furthermore, the proposed schemes require the government to obtain information about the number of cooperators in each group to determine the subsidy amount. Therefore, we also proposed the method which allows estimating the number of cooperators in each group through the dispersion of irrigation start dates. This significantly reduces the cost of running the schemes and provides subsidization and policy evaluations unaffected by false declarations of farmers. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0286127 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_plos_</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_plos_journals_2818717039</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A750485858</galeid><doaj_id>oai_doaj_org_article_d2f1a448ce4a43e982df0315b4af9c35</doaj_id><sourcerecordid>A750485858</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c642t-45c345be07887b91481a41d73f2116c382896179d12cb777008c63c4f92652d33</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNk9-L1DAQx4so3nn6H4gGBPEeds2vNumTLId6CwcH_noSQpqk3SxtU5NUvP_e9LZ3bOUeJA8Jk898JzOZybKXCK4RYej93o2-l-16cL1ZQ8wLhNmj7BSVBK8KDMnjo_NJ9iyEPYQ54UXxNDshDGOKCn6a_dyA4JSVLQg3IZoORAe0DYPxwYC4M8B6bxsZretBiNJHoGU0oJLBaJBsExKGdJ8UhrFqrQKNczqARnbmefaklm0wL-b9LPv-6eO3i8vV1fXn7cXmaqUKiuOK5orQvDKQcc6qElGOJEWakRojVCjCMS8LxEqNsKoYYxByVRBF6xIXOdaEnGWvD7pD64KYCxME5ogzxCApE7E9ENrJvRi87aS_EU5acWtwvhEpN6taIzSuU3jKlaGSElNyrGtIUF5RWZeK5EnrwxxtrDqjlemjl-1CdHnT251o3G-BIIacsum972YF736NJkTR2aBM28reuPH24SVmnEKa0Df_oA-nN1ONTBnYvnYpsJpExYblkPI8rUStH6DS0qazKrVRbZN94XC-cEhMNH9iI8cQxPbrl_9nr38s2bdH7M7INu6Ca8epy8ISpAdQeReCN_V9lREU0xTcVUNMUyDmKUhur45_6N7pru3JX7lMAAY</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Website</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2818717039</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>A social system to disperse the irrigation start date based on the spatial public goods game</title><source>Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access</source><source>MEDLINE</source><source>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry</source><creator>Nakagawa, Yoshiaki ; Yokozawa, Masayuki</creator><contributor>Tanimoto, Jun</contributor><creatorcontrib>Nakagawa, Yoshiaki ; Yokozawa, Masayuki ; Tanimoto, Jun</creatorcontrib><description>In paddy rice cultivation, the amount of water used during the beginning of the irrigation season is the highest. However, there is a possibility of a water shortage at this season as climate change decreases snowfall. In this study, we propose new schemes based on the public goods game to reduce peak water volume during this season by dispersing the irrigation start dates. In our agent-based model, agents determine the irrigation start date based on the evolutionary game theory. This model considers the economic variables of individual farmers (e.g., gross cultivation profit and cultivation cost), the cost and subsidy for cooperation for the dispersion of the irrigation start dates, and the information-sharing network between farmers. Individual farmers update the cooperation/defection strategy at each time step based on their payoffs. Using this agent-based model simulation, we investigate a scheme that maximizes the dispersion of irrigation start dates among multiple scheme candidates. The results of the simulation show that, under the schemes in which one farmer belongs to a group and the groups do not overlap, the number of cooperating farmers did not increase, and the dispersion of irrigation start dates barely increased. By adopting a scheme in which one farmer belongs to multiple groups and the groups overlap, the number of cooperating farmers increased, while the dispersion of irrigation start dates maximized. Furthermore, the proposed schemes require the government to obtain information about the number of cooperators in each group to determine the subsidy amount. Therefore, we also proposed the method which allows estimating the number of cooperators in each group through the dispersion of irrigation start dates. This significantly reduces the cost of running the schemes and provides subsidization and policy evaluations unaffected by false declarations of farmers.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286127</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37224168</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Agent-based models ; Agricultural economics ; Analysis ; Biological Evolution ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Brachytherapy ; Climate Change ; Climatic changes ; Computer and Information Sciences ; Computer Simulation ; Consumption ; Cooperation ; Costs ; Cultivation ; Dispersion ; Earth Sciences ; Ecology and Environmental Sciences ; Economic models ; Evaluation ; Farmers ; Game theory ; Grain cultivation ; Irrigation ; Irrigation systems ; Japan ; Management ; Moisture content ; People and Places ; Physical Sciences ; Political asylum ; Production management ; Public good ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Rice ; Rice fields ; Seasons ; Simulation ; Snowfall ; Subsidies ; United Kingdom ; Water ; Water content ; Water shortages ; Water-supply</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2023-05, Vol.18 (5), p.e0286127-e0286127</ispartof><rights>Copyright: © 2023 Nakagawa, Yokozawa. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2023 Nakagawa, Yokozawa. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2023 Nakagawa, Yokozawa 2023 Nakagawa, Yokozawa</rights><rights>2023 Nakagawa, Yokozawa. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c642t-45c345be07887b91481a41d73f2116c382896179d12cb777008c63c4f92652d33</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-1173-550X ; 0000-0001-7053-2465</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10208473/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10208473/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79343,79344</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37224168$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Tanimoto, Jun</contributor><creatorcontrib>Nakagawa, Yoshiaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yokozawa, Masayuki</creatorcontrib><title>A social system to disperse the irrigation start date based on the spatial public goods game</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>In paddy rice cultivation, the amount of water used during the beginning of the irrigation season is the highest. However, there is a possibility of a water shortage at this season as climate change decreases snowfall. In this study, we propose new schemes based on the public goods game to reduce peak water volume during this season by dispersing the irrigation start dates. In our agent-based model, agents determine the irrigation start date based on the evolutionary game theory. This model considers the economic variables of individual farmers (e.g., gross cultivation profit and cultivation cost), the cost and subsidy for cooperation for the dispersion of the irrigation start dates, and the information-sharing network between farmers. Individual farmers update the cooperation/defection strategy at each time step based on their payoffs. Using this agent-based model simulation, we investigate a scheme that maximizes the dispersion of irrigation start dates among multiple scheme candidates. The results of the simulation show that, under the schemes in which one farmer belongs to a group and the groups do not overlap, the number of cooperating farmers did not increase, and the dispersion of irrigation start dates barely increased. By adopting a scheme in which one farmer belongs to multiple groups and the groups overlap, the number of cooperating farmers increased, while the dispersion of irrigation start dates maximized. Furthermore, the proposed schemes require the government to obtain information about the number of cooperators in each group to determine the subsidy amount. Therefore, we also proposed the method which allows estimating the number of cooperators in each group through the dispersion of irrigation start dates. This significantly reduces the cost of running the schemes and provides subsidization and policy evaluations unaffected by false declarations of farmers.</description><subject>Agent-based models</subject><subject>Agricultural economics</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Biological Evolution</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Brachytherapy</subject><subject>Climate Change</subject><subject>Climatic changes</subject><subject>Computer and Information Sciences</subject><subject>Computer Simulation</subject><subject>Consumption</subject><subject>Cooperation</subject><subject>Costs</subject><subject>Cultivation</subject><subject>Dispersion</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</subject><subject>Economic models</subject><subject>Evaluation</subject><subject>Farmers</subject><subject>Game theory</subject><subject>Grain cultivation</subject><subject>Irrigation</subject><subject>Irrigation systems</subject><subject>Japan</subject><subject>Management</subject><subject>Moisture content</subject><subject>People and Places</subject><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subject>Political asylum</subject><subject>Production management</subject><subject>Public good</subject><subject>Research and Analysis Methods</subject><subject>Rice</subject><subject>Rice fields</subject><subject>Seasons</subject><subject>Simulation</subject><subject>Snowfall</subject><subject>Subsidies</subject><subject>United Kingdom</subject><subject>Water</subject><subject>Water content</subject><subject>Water shortages</subject><subject>Water-supply</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk9-L1DAQx4so3nn6H4gGBPEeds2vNumTLId6CwcH_noSQpqk3SxtU5NUvP_e9LZ3bOUeJA8Jk898JzOZybKXCK4RYej93o2-l-16cL1ZQ8wLhNmj7BSVBK8KDMnjo_NJ9iyEPYQ54UXxNDshDGOKCn6a_dyA4JSVLQg3IZoORAe0DYPxwYC4M8B6bxsZretBiNJHoGU0oJLBaJBsExKGdJ8UhrFqrQKNczqARnbmefaklm0wL-b9LPv-6eO3i8vV1fXn7cXmaqUKiuOK5orQvDKQcc6qElGOJEWakRojVCjCMS8LxEqNsKoYYxByVRBF6xIXOdaEnGWvD7pD64KYCxME5ogzxCApE7E9ENrJvRi87aS_EU5acWtwvhEpN6taIzSuU3jKlaGSElNyrGtIUF5RWZeK5EnrwxxtrDqjlemjl-1CdHnT251o3G-BIIacsum972YF736NJkTR2aBM28reuPH24SVmnEKa0Df_oA-nN1ONTBnYvnYpsJpExYblkPI8rUStH6DS0qazKrVRbZN94XC-cEhMNH9iI8cQxPbrl_9nr38s2bdH7M7INu6Ca8epy8ISpAdQeReCN_V9lREU0xTcVUNMUyDmKUhur45_6N7pru3JX7lMAAY</recordid><startdate>20230524</startdate><enddate>20230524</enddate><creator>Nakagawa, Yoshiaki</creator><creator>Yokozawa, Masayuki</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1173-550X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7053-2465</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230524</creationdate><title>A social system to disperse the irrigation start date based on the spatial public goods game</title><author>Nakagawa, Yoshiaki ; Yokozawa, Masayuki</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c642t-45c345be07887b91481a41d73f2116c382896179d12cb777008c63c4f92652d33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Agent-based models</topic><topic>Agricultural economics</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Biological Evolution</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Brachytherapy</topic><topic>Climate Change</topic><topic>Climatic changes</topic><topic>Computer and Information Sciences</topic><topic>Computer Simulation</topic><topic>Consumption</topic><topic>Cooperation</topic><topic>Costs</topic><topic>Cultivation</topic><topic>Dispersion</topic><topic>Earth Sciences</topic><topic>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</topic><topic>Economic models</topic><topic>Evaluation</topic><topic>Farmers</topic><topic>Game theory</topic><topic>Grain cultivation</topic><topic>Irrigation</topic><topic>Irrigation systems</topic><topic>Japan</topic><topic>Management</topic><topic>Moisture content</topic><topic>People and Places</topic><topic>Physical Sciences</topic><topic>Political asylum</topic><topic>Production management</topic><topic>Public good</topic><topic>Research and Analysis Methods</topic><topic>Rice</topic><topic>Rice fields</topic><topic>Seasons</topic><topic>Simulation</topic><topic>Snowfall</topic><topic>Subsidies</topic><topic>United Kingdom</topic><topic>Water</topic><topic>Water content</topic><topic>Water shortages</topic><topic>Water-supply</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Nakagawa, Yoshiaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yokozawa, Masayuki</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Nakagawa, Yoshiaki</au><au>Yokozawa, Masayuki</au><au>Tanimoto, Jun</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A social system to disperse the irrigation start date based on the spatial public goods game</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2023-05-24</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>18</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>e0286127</spage><epage>e0286127</epage><pages>e0286127-e0286127</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>In paddy rice cultivation, the amount of water used during the beginning of the irrigation season is the highest. However, there is a possibility of a water shortage at this season as climate change decreases snowfall. In this study, we propose new schemes based on the public goods game to reduce peak water volume during this season by dispersing the irrigation start dates. In our agent-based model, agents determine the irrigation start date based on the evolutionary game theory. This model considers the economic variables of individual farmers (e.g., gross cultivation profit and cultivation cost), the cost and subsidy for cooperation for the dispersion of the irrigation start dates, and the information-sharing network between farmers. Individual farmers update the cooperation/defection strategy at each time step based on their payoffs. Using this agent-based model simulation, we investigate a scheme that maximizes the dispersion of irrigation start dates among multiple scheme candidates. The results of the simulation show that, under the schemes in which one farmer belongs to a group and the groups do not overlap, the number of cooperating farmers did not increase, and the dispersion of irrigation start dates barely increased. By adopting a scheme in which one farmer belongs to multiple groups and the groups overlap, the number of cooperating farmers increased, while the dispersion of irrigation start dates maximized. Furthermore, the proposed schemes require the government to obtain information about the number of cooperators in each group to determine the subsidy amount. Therefore, we also proposed the method which allows estimating the number of cooperators in each group through the dispersion of irrigation start dates. This significantly reduces the cost of running the schemes and provides subsidization and policy evaluations unaffected by false declarations of farmers.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>37224168</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0286127</doi><tpages>e0286127</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1173-550X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7053-2465</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2023-05, Vol.18 (5), p.e0286127-e0286127 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2818717039 |
| source | Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Agent-based models Agricultural economics Analysis Biological Evolution Biology and Life Sciences Brachytherapy Climate Change Climatic changes Computer and Information Sciences Computer Simulation Consumption Cooperation Costs Cultivation Dispersion Earth Sciences Ecology and Environmental Sciences Economic models Evaluation Farmers Game theory Grain cultivation Irrigation Irrigation systems Japan Management Moisture content People and Places Physical Sciences Political asylum Production management Public good Research and Analysis Methods Rice Rice fields Seasons Simulation Snowfall Subsidies United Kingdom Water Water content Water shortages Water-supply |
| title | A social system to disperse the irrigation start date based on the spatial public goods game |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-31T19%3A05%3A22IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A%20social%20system%20to%20disperse%20the%20irrigation%20start%20date%20based%20on%20the%20spatial%20public%20goods%20game&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Nakagawa,%20Yoshiaki&rft.date=2023-05-24&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=e0286127&rft.epage=e0286127&rft.pages=e0286127-e0286127&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0286127&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA750485858%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2818717039&rft_id=info:pmid/37224168&rft_galeid=A750485858&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_d2f1a448ce4a43e982df0315b4af9c35&rfr_iscdi=true |