The impact of injury of the chorda tympani nerve during primary stapes surgery or cochlear implantation on taste function, quality of life and food preferences: A study protocol for a double-blind prospective prognostic association study
The chorda tympani nerve (CTN) is a mixed nerve, which carries sensory and parasympathetic fibres. The sensory component supplies the taste sensation of the anterior two-thirds of the ipsilateral side of the tongue. During middle ear surgery the CTN is exposed and frequently stretched or sacrificed,...
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description | The chorda tympani nerve (CTN) is a mixed nerve, which carries sensory and parasympathetic fibres. The sensory component supplies the taste sensation of the anterior two-thirds of the ipsilateral side of the tongue. During middle ear surgery the CTN is exposed and frequently stretched or sacrificed, because it lacks a bony covering as it passes through the middle ear. Injury may cause hypogeusia, ageusia or altered taste sensation of the ipsilateral side of the tongue. To date, there is no consensus regarding which type of CTN injury (sacrificing or stretching), during middle ear surgery, leads to the least burden for the patient.
A double-blind prospective prognostic association study was designed in a single medical centre in the Netherlands to determine the effect of CTN injury on postoperative taste disturbance and quality of life. 154 patients, who will undergo primary stapes surgery or cochlear implantation will be included. The taste sensation, food preferences and quality of life of these patients will be evaluated preoperatively and at one week, six weeks and six months postoperatively using the Taste Strip Test, Electrogustometry, supplementary questionnaire on taste disturbance, Macronutrient and Taste Preference Ranking Task, Appetite, Hunger and Sensory Perception questionnaire and Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders to assess the association of these outcomes with CTN injury. Evaluation of olfactory function will only take place preoperatively and at one week postoperatively using the Sniffin' Sticks. The patient and outcome assessor are blinded to the presence or absence of CTN injury.
This study is the first to validate and quantify the effect of chorda tympani nerve injury on taste function. The findings of this study may lead to evidence-based proof of the effect of chorda tympani injury on taste function with consequences for surgical strategies.
Netherlands Trial Register NL9791. Registered on 10 October 2021. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0284571 |
format | Article |
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A double-blind prospective prognostic association study was designed in a single medical centre in the Netherlands to determine the effect of CTN injury on postoperative taste disturbance and quality of life. 154 patients, who will undergo primary stapes surgery or cochlear implantation will be included. The taste sensation, food preferences and quality of life of these patients will be evaluated preoperatively and at one week, six weeks and six months postoperatively using the Taste Strip Test, Electrogustometry, supplementary questionnaire on taste disturbance, Macronutrient and Taste Preference Ranking Task, Appetite, Hunger and Sensory Perception questionnaire and Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders to assess the association of these outcomes with CTN injury. Evaluation of olfactory function will only take place preoperatively and at one week postoperatively using the Sniffin' Sticks. The patient and outcome assessor are blinded to the presence or absence of CTN injury.
This study is the first to validate and quantify the effect of chorda tympani nerve injury on taste function. The findings of this study may lead to evidence-based proof of the effect of chorda tympani injury on taste function with consequences for surgical strategies.
Netherlands Trial Register NL9791. Registered on 10 October 2021.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284571</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37200313</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Ageusia - etiology ; Analysis ; Appetite ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Care and treatment ; Chorda tympani ; Chorda Tympani Nerve - injuries ; Chorda Tympani Nerve - surgery ; Cochlea ; Cochlear Implantation - adverse effects ; Cochlear implants ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; Double-blind studies ; Dysgeusia - etiology ; Facial nerve ; Fibers ; Food ; Food habits ; Food Preferences ; Food quality ; Health care facilities ; Humans ; Hunger ; Implantation ; Informed consent ; Injuries ; Medical prognosis ; Medical research ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Medicine, Experimental ; Middle ear ; Nerves ; Olfaction ; Otolaryngology ; Parasympathetic nervous system ; Participation ; Patient outcomes ; Patients ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Quality of Life ; Questionnaires ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Sensation ; Sensory neurons ; Sensory perception ; Social Sciences ; Stapes Surgery - adverse effects ; Study Protocol ; Surgeons ; Surgery ; Taste ; Taste - physiology ; Taste disorders ; Tongue ; Variables ; Wounds and injuries</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2023-05, Vol.18 (5), p.e0284571-e0284571</ispartof><rights>Copyright: © 2023 Blijleven et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2023 Blijleven et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2023 Blijleven et al 2023 Blijleven et al</rights><rights>2023 Blijleven et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c642t-99c7953550933015938cf5e902039ca4e751217e7101064ac7e06dfebb5bff593</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-9011-1393</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10194866/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10194866/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79343,79344</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37200313$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Pace, Annalisa</contributor><creatorcontrib>Blijleven, Esther E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wegner, Inge</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stokroos, Robert J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thomeer, Hans G X M</creatorcontrib><title>The impact of injury of the chorda tympani nerve during primary stapes surgery or cochlear implantation on taste function, quality of life and food preferences: A study protocol for a double-blind prospective prognostic association study</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>The chorda tympani nerve (CTN) is a mixed nerve, which carries sensory and parasympathetic fibres. The sensory component supplies the taste sensation of the anterior two-thirds of the ipsilateral side of the tongue. During middle ear surgery the CTN is exposed and frequently stretched or sacrificed, because it lacks a bony covering as it passes through the middle ear. Injury may cause hypogeusia, ageusia or altered taste sensation of the ipsilateral side of the tongue. To date, there is no consensus regarding which type of CTN injury (sacrificing or stretching), during middle ear surgery, leads to the least burden for the patient.
A double-blind prospective prognostic association study was designed in a single medical centre in the Netherlands to determine the effect of CTN injury on postoperative taste disturbance and quality of life. 154 patients, who will undergo primary stapes surgery or cochlear implantation will be included. The taste sensation, food preferences and quality of life of these patients will be evaluated preoperatively and at one week, six weeks and six months postoperatively using the Taste Strip Test, Electrogustometry, supplementary questionnaire on taste disturbance, Macronutrient and Taste Preference Ranking Task, Appetite, Hunger and Sensory Perception questionnaire and Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders to assess the association of these outcomes with CTN injury. Evaluation of olfactory function will only take place preoperatively and at one week postoperatively using the Sniffin' Sticks. The patient and outcome assessor are blinded to the presence or absence of CTN injury.
This study is the first to validate and quantify the effect of chorda tympani nerve injury on taste function. The findings of this study may lead to evidence-based proof of the effect of chorda tympani injury on taste function with consequences for surgical strategies.
Netherlands Trial Register NL9791. Registered on 10 October 2021.</description><subject>Ageusia - etiology</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Appetite</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Care and treatment</subject><subject>Chorda tympani</subject><subject>Chorda Tympani Nerve - injuries</subject><subject>Chorda Tympani Nerve - surgery</subject><subject>Cochlea</subject><subject>Cochlear Implantation - adverse effects</subject><subject>Cochlear implants</subject><subject>Coronaviruses</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>Double-blind studies</subject><subject>Dysgeusia - etiology</subject><subject>Facial nerve</subject><subject>Fibers</subject><subject>Food</subject><subject>Food habits</subject><subject>Food Preferences</subject><subject>Food quality</subject><subject>Health care facilities</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hunger</subject><subject>Implantation</subject><subject>Informed consent</subject><subject>Injuries</subject><subject>Medical prognosis</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Medicine, Experimental</subject><subject>Middle ear</subject><subject>Nerves</subject><subject>Olfaction</subject><subject>Otolaryngology</subject><subject>Parasympathetic nervous system</subject><subject>Participation</subject><subject>Patient outcomes</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Prognosis</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Quality of Life</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic</subject><subject>Sensation</subject><subject>Sensory neurons</subject><subject>Sensory perception</subject><subject>Social Sciences</subject><subject>Stapes Surgery - adverse effects</subject><subject>Study Protocol</subject><subject>Surgeons</subject><subject>Surgery</subject><subject>Taste</subject><subject>Taste - physiology</subject><subject>Taste disorders</subject><subject>Tongue</subject><subject>Variables</subject><subject>Wounds and injuries</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk21r2zAQx83YWLtu32BsgsLYYMkky7bsvRml7KFQKGzd3gpFPjsKipRKclk_9L7DzolbmtEXwwafT7_7n3S6y7KXjM4ZF-zDyg_BKTvfeAdzmtdFKdij7JA1PJ9VOeWP79kH2bMYV5SWvK6qp9kBFzmlnPHD7M_lEohZb5ROxHfEuNUQbkYroV8vfWgVSTe47gxxEK6BtEMwriebYNYK0ZjUBiKJQ-hhjAxEe720oMIoa5VLKhnvCL5JxQSkG5wePe_J1aCsSdts1nRAlGtJ532L2tBBAKchfiQnmGJob9Dpk9feIhKIIq0fFhZmC2vcGODjBlAW94d273xMRhMVo9dml38r8jx70ikb4cX0Pcp-fvl8efptdn7x9ez05HymqyJPs6bRoil5WdKGc8rKhte6K6GhWMpGqwJEyXImQDDKaFUoLYBWbQeLRbnoOsSPstc73Y31UU43FWVeszLnVcUYEmc7ovVqJadiSq-M3Dp86KUKeAYLktImh7qtQShaiI4p_OeaVxpYXmsoUevTlG1YrKHV4FJQdk90f8WZpez9tcTtNwV2BCq8nRSCvxogJrk2UYPF6wM_bDdeibKpK4ro8T_ow8ebqF7hCYzrPCbWo6g8EUUjipKJHKn5AxQ-LayNxr7uDPr3At7tBSCT4Hfq1RCjPPvx_f_Zi1_77Jt77BKUTcvo7TB2TtwHix2oseMituldlRmV41jeVkOOYymnscSwV_dv6C7odg75X-3VN-M</recordid><startdate>20230518</startdate><enddate>20230518</enddate><creator>Blijleven, Esther E</creator><creator>Wegner, Inge</creator><creator>Stokroos, Robert J</creator><creator>Thomeer, Hans G X M</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9011-1393</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230518</creationdate><title>The impact of injury of the chorda tympani nerve during primary stapes surgery or cochlear implantation on taste function, quality of life and food preferences: A study protocol for a double-blind prospective prognostic association study</title><author>Blijleven, Esther E ; Wegner, Inge ; Stokroos, Robert J ; Thomeer, Hans G X M</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c642t-99c7953550933015938cf5e902039ca4e751217e7101064ac7e06dfebb5bff593</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Ageusia - etiology</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Appetite</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Care and treatment</topic><topic>Chorda tympani</topic><topic>Chorda Tympani Nerve - injuries</topic><topic>Chorda Tympani Nerve - surgery</topic><topic>Cochlea</topic><topic>Cochlear Implantation - adverse effects</topic><topic>Cochlear implants</topic><topic>Coronaviruses</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>Double-blind studies</topic><topic>Dysgeusia - etiology</topic><topic>Facial nerve</topic><topic>Fibers</topic><topic>Food</topic><topic>Food habits</topic><topic>Food Preferences</topic><topic>Food quality</topic><topic>Health care facilities</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hunger</topic><topic>Implantation</topic><topic>Informed consent</topic><topic>Injuries</topic><topic>Medical prognosis</topic><topic>Medical research</topic><topic>Medicine and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Medicine, Experimental</topic><topic>Middle ear</topic><topic>Nerves</topic><topic>Olfaction</topic><topic>Otolaryngology</topic><topic>Parasympathetic nervous system</topic><topic>Participation</topic><topic>Patient outcomes</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Prognosis</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Quality of Life</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic</topic><topic>Sensation</topic><topic>Sensory neurons</topic><topic>Sensory perception</topic><topic>Social Sciences</topic><topic>Stapes Surgery - adverse effects</topic><topic>Study Protocol</topic><topic>Surgeons</topic><topic>Surgery</topic><topic>Taste</topic><topic>Taste - physiology</topic><topic>Taste disorders</topic><topic>Tongue</topic><topic>Variables</topic><topic>Wounds and injuries</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Blijleven, Esther E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wegner, Inge</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stokroos, Robert J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thomeer, Hans G X M</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Blijleven, Esther E</au><au>Wegner, Inge</au><au>Stokroos, Robert J</au><au>Thomeer, Hans G X M</au><au>Pace, Annalisa</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The impact of injury of the chorda tympani nerve during primary stapes surgery or cochlear implantation on taste function, quality of life and food preferences: A study protocol for a double-blind prospective prognostic association study</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2023-05-18</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>18</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>e0284571</spage><epage>e0284571</epage><pages>e0284571-e0284571</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>The chorda tympani nerve (CTN) is a mixed nerve, which carries sensory and parasympathetic fibres. The sensory component supplies the taste sensation of the anterior two-thirds of the ipsilateral side of the tongue. During middle ear surgery the CTN is exposed and frequently stretched or sacrificed, because it lacks a bony covering as it passes through the middle ear. Injury may cause hypogeusia, ageusia or altered taste sensation of the ipsilateral side of the tongue. To date, there is no consensus regarding which type of CTN injury (sacrificing or stretching), during middle ear surgery, leads to the least burden for the patient.
A double-blind prospective prognostic association study was designed in a single medical centre in the Netherlands to determine the effect of CTN injury on postoperative taste disturbance and quality of life. 154 patients, who will undergo primary stapes surgery or cochlear implantation will be included. The taste sensation, food preferences and quality of life of these patients will be evaluated preoperatively and at one week, six weeks and six months postoperatively using the Taste Strip Test, Electrogustometry, supplementary questionnaire on taste disturbance, Macronutrient and Taste Preference Ranking Task, Appetite, Hunger and Sensory Perception questionnaire and Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders to assess the association of these outcomes with CTN injury. Evaluation of olfactory function will only take place preoperatively and at one week postoperatively using the Sniffin' Sticks. The patient and outcome assessor are blinded to the presence or absence of CTN injury.
This study is the first to validate and quantify the effect of chorda tympani nerve injury on taste function. The findings of this study may lead to evidence-based proof of the effect of chorda tympani injury on taste function with consequences for surgical strategies.
Netherlands Trial Register NL9791. Registered on 10 October 2021.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>37200313</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0284571</doi><tpages>e0284571</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9011-1393</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
ispartof | PloS one, 2023-05, Vol.18 (5), p.e0284571-e0284571 |
issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2815236611 |
source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
subjects | Ageusia - etiology Analysis Appetite Biology and Life Sciences Care and treatment Chorda tympani Chorda Tympani Nerve - injuries Chorda Tympani Nerve - surgery Cochlea Cochlear Implantation - adverse effects Cochlear implants Coronaviruses COVID-19 Double-blind studies Dysgeusia - etiology Facial nerve Fibers Food Food habits Food Preferences Food quality Health care facilities Humans Hunger Implantation Informed consent Injuries Medical prognosis Medical research Medicine and Health Sciences Medicine, Experimental Middle ear Nerves Olfaction Otolaryngology Parasympathetic nervous system Participation Patient outcomes Patients Prognosis Prospective Studies Quality of Life Questionnaires Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Sensation Sensory neurons Sensory perception Social Sciences Stapes Surgery - adverse effects Study Protocol Surgeons Surgery Taste Taste - physiology Taste disorders Tongue Variables Wounds and injuries |
title | The impact of injury of the chorda tympani nerve during primary stapes surgery or cochlear implantation on taste function, quality of life and food preferences: A study protocol for a double-blind prospective prognostic association study |
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