Functional characterization of Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase gene family in soybean (Glycine max)
Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H) is the first key cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) enzyme in the phenylpropanoid pathway. It belongs to the CYP73 family of P450 superfamily, and catalyzes the conversion of trans-cinnamic acid to p-coumaric acid. Since p-coumaric acid serves as the precursor for the...
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| description | Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H) is the first key cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) enzyme in the phenylpropanoid pathway. It belongs to the CYP73 family of P450 superfamily, and catalyzes the conversion of trans-cinnamic acid to p-coumaric acid. Since p-coumaric acid serves as the precursor for the synthesis of a wide variety of metabolites involved in plant development and stress resistance, alteration in the expression of soybean C4H genes is expected to affect the downstream metabolite levels, and its ability to respond to stress. In this study, we identified four C4H genes in the soybean genome that are distributed into both class I and class II CYP73 family. GmC4H2, GmC4H14 and GmC4H20 displayed tissue- and developmental stage-specific gene expression patterns with their transcript accumulation at the highest level in root tissues. GmC4H10 appears to be a pseudogene as its transcript was not detected in any soybean tissues. Furthermore, protein homology modelling revealed substrate docking only for GmC4H2, GmC4H14 and GmC4H20. To demonstrate the function of GmC4Hs, we modified a cloning vector for the heterologous expression of P450s in yeast, and used it for microsomal protein production and enzyme assay. Our results confirmed that GmC4H2, GmC4H14 and GmC4H20 contain the ability to hydroxylate trans-cinnamic acid with varying efficiencies. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0285698 |
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It belongs to the CYP73 family of P450 superfamily, and catalyzes the conversion of trans-cinnamic acid to p-coumaric acid. Since p-coumaric acid serves as the precursor for the synthesis of a wide variety of metabolites involved in plant development and stress resistance, alteration in the expression of soybean C4H genes is expected to affect the downstream metabolite levels, and its ability to respond to stress. In this study, we identified four C4H genes in the soybean genome that are distributed into both class I and class II CYP73 family. GmC4H2, GmC4H14 and GmC4H20 displayed tissue- and developmental stage-specific gene expression patterns with their transcript accumulation at the highest level in root tissues. GmC4H10 appears to be a pseudogene as its transcript was not detected in any soybean tissues. Furthermore, protein homology modelling revealed substrate docking only for GmC4H2, GmC4H14 and GmC4H20. To demonstrate the function of GmC4Hs, we modified a cloning vector for the heterologous expression of P450s in yeast, and used it for microsomal protein production and enzyme assay. Our results confirmed that GmC4H2, GmC4H14 and GmC4H20 contain the ability to hydroxylate trans-cinnamic acid with varying efficiencies.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285698</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37186600</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase ; Cinnamic acid ; Cloning ; Cloning vectors ; Cytochrome ; Cytochrome P-450 ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - metabolism ; Cytochrome P450 ; Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase ; Cytochromes P450 ; Developmental stages ; Embryos ; Enzymes ; Flavonoids ; Gene expression ; Genes ; Genetic aspects ; Genomes ; Glycine max ; Glycine max - genetics ; Glycine max - metabolism ; Homology ; Ligands ; Maximum likelihood method ; Metabolism ; Metabolites ; Oilseeds ; p-Coumaric acid ; Pathogens ; Plant tissues ; Proteins ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae - genetics ; Seeds ; Soybean ; Soybeans ; Substrates ; Trans-Cinnamate 4-Monooxygenase - genetics ; Trans-Cinnamate 4-Monooxygenase - metabolism ; Yeast ; Yeasts</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2023-05, Vol.18 (5), p.e0285698-e0285698</ispartof><rights>Copyright: © 2023 Khatri et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2023 Khatri et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2023 Khatri et al 2023 Khatri et al</rights><rights>2023 Khatri et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c693t-d47a1880a191f95bf8ce47227e674a7c0223b9b8f923997c61a9f5e812e56e603</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c693t-d47a1880a191f95bf8ce47227e674a7c0223b9b8f923997c61a9f5e812e56e603</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-2582-5503 ; 0000-0001-6589-3450</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10184913/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10184913/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79343,79344</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37186600$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Kordrostami, Mojtaba</contributor><creatorcontrib>Khatri, Praveen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Ling</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rajcan, Istvan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dhaubhadel, Sangeeta</creatorcontrib><title>Functional characterization of Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase gene family in soybean (Glycine max)</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H) is the first key cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) enzyme in the phenylpropanoid pathway. It belongs to the CYP73 family of P450 superfamily, and catalyzes the conversion of trans-cinnamic acid to p-coumaric acid. Since p-coumaric acid serves as the precursor for the synthesis of a wide variety of metabolites involved in plant development and stress resistance, alteration in the expression of soybean C4H genes is expected to affect the downstream metabolite levels, and its ability to respond to stress. In this study, we identified four C4H genes in the soybean genome that are distributed into both class I and class II CYP73 family. GmC4H2, GmC4H14 and GmC4H20 displayed tissue- and developmental stage-specific gene expression patterns with their transcript accumulation at the highest level in root tissues. GmC4H10 appears to be a pseudogene as its transcript was not detected in any soybean tissues. Furthermore, protein homology modelling revealed substrate docking only for GmC4H2, GmC4H14 and GmC4H20. To demonstrate the function of GmC4Hs, we modified a cloning vector for the heterologous expression of P450s in yeast, and used it for microsomal protein production and enzyme assay. Our results confirmed that GmC4H2, GmC4H14 and GmC4H20 contain the ability to hydroxylate trans-cinnamic acid with varying efficiencies.</description><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase</subject><subject>Cinnamic acid</subject><subject>Cloning</subject><subject>Cloning vectors</subject><subject>Cytochrome</subject><subject>Cytochrome P-450</subject><subject>Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - metabolism</subject><subject>Cytochrome P450</subject><subject>Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase</subject><subject>Cytochromes P450</subject><subject>Developmental stages</subject><subject>Embryos</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Flavonoids</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Genetic aspects</subject><subject>Genomes</subject><subject>Glycine max</subject><subject>Glycine max - genetics</subject><subject>Glycine max - metabolism</subject><subject>Homology</subject><subject>Ligands</subject><subject>Maximum likelihood method</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Metabolites</subject><subject>Oilseeds</subject><subject>p-Coumaric acid</subject><subject>Pathogens</subject><subject>Plant tissues</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Research and Analysis Methods</subject><subject>Saccharomyces cerevisiae - genetics</subject><subject>Seeds</subject><subject>Soybean</subject><subject>Soybeans</subject><subject>Substrates</subject><subject>Trans-Cinnamate 4-Monooxygenase - genetics</subject><subject>Trans-Cinnamate 4-Monooxygenase - metabolism</subject><subject>Yeast</subject><subject>Yeasts</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk0tr3DAQx01padK036C0hkJJDrvVww_pVMLSpAuBQF-XHsRYlne1yNJWsstuP33lrBPWJYeig8ToN__RjGaS5DVGc0xL_GHjem_BzLfOqjkiLC84e5KcYk7JrCCIPj06nyQvQtgglFNWFM-Tk-gfDwidJj-veis77aJSKtfgQXbK6z8wmFLXpAttLbTQqTSbrfe1d7u9gaDSlbIqbaDVZp9qmwa3rxTY9Pza7KWOVy3sLl4mzxowQb0a97Pk-9Wnb4vPs5vb6-Xi8mYmC067WZ2VgBlDgDlueF41TKqsJKRURZlBKREhtOIVazihnJeywMCbXDFMVF6oAtGz5O1Bd2tcEGNdgiAMU5YzVOSRWB6I2sFGbL1uwe-FAy3uDM6vBPhOS6NEk9XxQTF8RWSGWRSRRSkV8BJihemg9XGM1letqqWynQczEZ3eWL0WK_dbYIRZxjGNCuejgne_ehU60eoglTFglevvHp7lhFM8pPbuH_Tx9EZqBTEDbRsXA8tBVFyWGacM0WzQmj9CxVWrVsvYRY2O9onDxcQhMp3adSvoQxDLr1_-n739MWXfH7FrBaZbB2f6oefCFMwOoPQuBK-ahypjJIYhuK-GGIZAjEMQ3d4c_9CD033X0791XwAd</recordid><startdate>20230515</startdate><enddate>20230515</enddate><creator>Khatri, Praveen</creator><creator>Chen, Ling</creator><creator>Rajcan, Istvan</creator><creator>Dhaubhadel, Sangeeta</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2582-5503</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6589-3450</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230515</creationdate><title>Functional characterization of Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase gene family in soybean (Glycine max)</title><author>Khatri, Praveen ; Chen, Ling ; Rajcan, Istvan ; Dhaubhadel, Sangeeta</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c693t-d47a1880a191f95bf8ce47227e674a7c0223b9b8f923997c61a9f5e812e56e603</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase</topic><topic>Cinnamic acid</topic><topic>Cloning</topic><topic>Cloning vectors</topic><topic>Cytochrome</topic><topic>Cytochrome P-450</topic><topic>Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Khatri, Praveen</au><au>Chen, Ling</au><au>Rajcan, Istvan</au><au>Dhaubhadel, Sangeeta</au><au>Kordrostami, Mojtaba</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Functional characterization of Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase gene family in soybean (Glycine max)</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2023-05-15</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>18</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>e0285698</spage><epage>e0285698</epage><pages>e0285698-e0285698</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H) is the first key cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) enzyme in the phenylpropanoid pathway. It belongs to the CYP73 family of P450 superfamily, and catalyzes the conversion of trans-cinnamic acid to p-coumaric acid. Since p-coumaric acid serves as the precursor for the synthesis of a wide variety of metabolites involved in plant development and stress resistance, alteration in the expression of soybean C4H genes is expected to affect the downstream metabolite levels, and its ability to respond to stress. In this study, we identified four C4H genes in the soybean genome that are distributed into both class I and class II CYP73 family. GmC4H2, GmC4H14 and GmC4H20 displayed tissue- and developmental stage-specific gene expression patterns with their transcript accumulation at the highest level in root tissues. GmC4H10 appears to be a pseudogene as its transcript was not detected in any soybean tissues. Furthermore, protein homology modelling revealed substrate docking only for GmC4H2, GmC4H14 and GmC4H20. To demonstrate the function of GmC4Hs, we modified a cloning vector for the heterologous expression of P450s in yeast, and used it for microsomal protein production and enzyme assay. Our results confirmed that GmC4H2, GmC4H14 and GmC4H20 contain the ability to hydroxylate trans-cinnamic acid with varying efficiencies.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>37186600</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0285698</doi><tpages>e0285698</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2582-5503</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6589-3450</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Analysis Biology and Life Sciences Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase Cinnamic acid Cloning Cloning vectors Cytochrome Cytochrome P-450 Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - metabolism Cytochrome P450 Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase Cytochromes P450 Developmental stages Embryos Enzymes Flavonoids Gene expression Genes Genetic aspects Genomes Glycine max Glycine max - genetics Glycine max - metabolism Homology Ligands Maximum likelihood method Metabolism Metabolites Oilseeds p-Coumaric acid Pathogens Plant tissues Proteins Research and Analysis Methods Saccharomyces cerevisiae - genetics Seeds Soybean Soybeans Substrates Trans-Cinnamate 4-Monooxygenase - genetics Trans-Cinnamate 4-Monooxygenase - metabolism Yeast Yeasts |
| title | Functional characterization of Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase gene family in soybean (Glycine max) |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-31T13%3A31%3A46IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Functional%20characterization%20of%20Cinnamate%204-hydroxylase%20gene%20family%20in%20soybean%20(Glycine%20max)&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Khatri,%20Praveen&rft.date=2023-05-15&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=e0285698&rft.epage=e0285698&rft.pages=e0285698-e0285698&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0285698&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA749380340%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2813858065&rft_id=info:pmid/37186600&rft_galeid=A749380340&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_f4dd47722b2c418281c67cea97a56935&rfr_iscdi=true |