Antimycotic effect of 3-phenyllactic acid produced by probiotic bacterial isolates against Covid-19 associated mucormycosis causing fungi
The Covid-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) is an emerging disease affecting immunocompromised patients. Prevention of such infections using probiotics and their metabolites persist as effective therapeutic agents. Therefore, the present study emphasizes on assessment of their efficacy and safety. Sa...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2023-03, Vol.18 (3), p.e0279118-e0279118 |
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| creator | Lunavath, Ravikumar Mohammad, Saddam Hussain Bhukya, Kiran Kumar Barigela, Anuradha Banoth, Chandrasekhar Banothu, Anil Kumar Bhukya, Bhima |
| description | The Covid-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) is an emerging disease affecting immunocompromised patients. Prevention of such infections using probiotics and their metabolites persist as effective therapeutic agents. Therefore, the present study emphasizes on assessment of their efficacy and safety. Samples from different sources like human milk, honey bee intestine, toddy, and dairy milk were collected, screened and characterized for potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and their metabolites to be used as effective antimicrobial agents to curtail CAM. Three isolates were selected based on probiotic properties and characterized as Lactobacillus pentosus BMOBR013, Lactobacillus pentosus BMOBR061 and Pediococcus acidilactici BMOBR041 by 16S rRNA sequencing and MALDI TOF-MS. The antimicrobial activity against standard bacterial pathogens showed ˃9 mm zone of inhibition. Furthermore, the antifungal activity of three isolates was tested against Aspergillus flavus MTCC 2788, Fusarium oxysporum, Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis where the results showed significant inhibition of each fungal strain. Further studies were carried out on lethal fungal pathogens like Rhizopus sp. and two Mucor sp. which are associated with post Covid-19 infection in immunosuppressed diabetic patients. Our studies on CAM inhibitory effect of LAB revealed the efficient inhibition against Rhizopus sp. and two Mucor sp. The cell free supernatants of three LAB showed varied inhibitory activity against these fungi. Following the antimicrobial activity, the antagonistic metabolite 3-Phenyllactic acid (PLA) in culture supernatant was quantified and characterized by HPLC and LC-MS using standard PLA (Sigma Aldrich). The isolate L. pentosus BMOBR013 produced highest PLA (0.441 g/L), followed by P. acidilactici BMOBR041 (0.294 g/L) and L. pentosus BMOBR061 (0.165 g/L). The minimum inhibitory concentration of HPLC eluted PLA on the Rhizopus sp. and two Mucor sp. was found to be 180 mg/ml which was further confirmed by inhibition of total mycelia under live cell imaging microscope. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0279118 |
| format | Article |
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Prevention of such infections using probiotics and their metabolites persist as effective therapeutic agents. Therefore, the present study emphasizes on assessment of their efficacy and safety. Samples from different sources like human milk, honey bee intestine, toddy, and dairy milk were collected, screened and characterized for potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and their metabolites to be used as effective antimicrobial agents to curtail CAM. Three isolates were selected based on probiotic properties and characterized as Lactobacillus pentosus BMOBR013, Lactobacillus pentosus BMOBR061 and Pediococcus acidilactici BMOBR041 by 16S rRNA sequencing and MALDI TOF-MS. The antimicrobial activity against standard bacterial pathogens showed ˃9 mm zone of inhibition. Furthermore, the antifungal activity of three isolates was tested against Aspergillus flavus MTCC 2788, Fusarium oxysporum, Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis where the results showed significant inhibition of each fungal strain. Further studies were carried out on lethal fungal pathogens like Rhizopus sp. and two Mucor sp. which are associated with post Covid-19 infection in immunosuppressed diabetic patients. Our studies on CAM inhibitory effect of LAB revealed the efficient inhibition against Rhizopus sp. and two Mucor sp. The cell free supernatants of three LAB showed varied inhibitory activity against these fungi. Following the antimicrobial activity, the antagonistic metabolite 3-Phenyllactic acid (PLA) in culture supernatant was quantified and characterized by HPLC and LC-MS using standard PLA (Sigma Aldrich). The isolate L. pentosus BMOBR013 produced highest PLA (0.441 g/L), followed by P. acidilactici BMOBR041 (0.294 g/L) and L. pentosus BMOBR061 (0.165 g/L). The minimum inhibitory concentration of HPLC eluted PLA on the Rhizopus sp. and two Mucor sp. was found to be 180 mg/ml which was further confirmed by inhibition of total mycelia under live cell imaging microscope.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279118</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36996100</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Animals ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Antibiotics ; Antifungal activity ; Antifungal agents ; Antiinfectives and antibacterials ; Antimicrobial activity ; Antimicrobial agents ; Bacteria ; Bees - genetics ; Bile ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Blood vessels ; Breast milk ; Care and treatment ; Cell culture ; COVID-19 ; Diabetes ; Diabetes mellitus ; Disease ; Food ; Fungal infections ; Fungi ; Fungi - genetics ; Fungicides ; Fusarium oxysporum ; Glycerol ; Health aspects ; High-performance liquid chromatography ; Humans ; Immunocompromised hosts ; Infections ; Intestine ; Lactic acid ; Lactic acid bacteria ; Lactobacillales - genetics ; Lactobacillus pentosus ; Liquid chromatography ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Metabolites ; Milk ; Minimum inhibitory concentration ; Mortality ; Mucor ; Mucormycosis ; Mucormycosis - drug therapy ; Mycoses ; Pathogens ; Pharmacology ; Polyesters ; Probiotics ; Probiotics - pharmacology ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Rhizopus ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics ; rRNA 16S ; Signal transduction</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2023-03, Vol.18 (3), p.e0279118-e0279118</ispartof><rights>Copyright: © 2023 Lunavath et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2023 Lunavath et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2023 Lunavath et al 2023 Lunavath et al</rights><rights>2023 Lunavath et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c693t-8e41b71de67c3e399bfc7ce52feb1ca1e0359f88743a4a0e0ee0eccd857d4893</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c693t-8e41b71de67c3e399bfc7ce52feb1ca1e0359f88743a4a0e0ee0eccd857d4893</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-1343-3863</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10062613/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10062613/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79342,79343</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36996100$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lunavath, Ravikumar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mohammad, Saddam Hussain</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bhukya, Kiran Kumar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barigela, Anuradha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Banoth, Chandrasekhar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Banothu, Anil Kumar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bhukya, Bhima</creatorcontrib><title>Antimycotic effect of 3-phenyllactic acid produced by probiotic bacterial isolates against Covid-19 associated mucormycosis causing fungi</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>The Covid-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) is an emerging disease affecting immunocompromised patients. Prevention of such infections using probiotics and their metabolites persist as effective therapeutic agents. Therefore, the present study emphasizes on assessment of their efficacy and safety. Samples from different sources like human milk, honey bee intestine, toddy, and dairy milk were collected, screened and characterized for potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and their metabolites to be used as effective antimicrobial agents to curtail CAM. Three isolates were selected based on probiotic properties and characterized as Lactobacillus pentosus BMOBR013, Lactobacillus pentosus BMOBR061 and Pediococcus acidilactici BMOBR041 by 16S rRNA sequencing and MALDI TOF-MS. The antimicrobial activity against standard bacterial pathogens showed ˃9 mm zone of inhibition. 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The minimum inhibitory concentration of HPLC eluted PLA on the Rhizopus sp. and two Mucor sp. was found to be 180 mg/ml which was further confirmed by inhibition of total mycelia under live cell imaging microscope.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anti-Infective Agents</subject><subject>Antibiotics</subject><subject>Antifungal activity</subject><subject>Antifungal agents</subject><subject>Antiinfectives and antibacterials</subject><subject>Antimicrobial activity</subject><subject>Antimicrobial agents</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Bees - genetics</subject><subject>Bile</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Blood vessels</subject><subject>Breast milk</subject><subject>Care and treatment</subject><subject>Cell culture</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Diabetes mellitus</subject><subject>Disease</subject><subject>Food</subject><subject>Fungal infections</subject><subject>Fungi</subject><subject>Fungi - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lunavath, Ravikumar</au><au>Mohammad, Saddam Hussain</au><au>Bhukya, Kiran Kumar</au><au>Barigela, Anuradha</au><au>Banoth, Chandrasekhar</au><au>Banothu, Anil Kumar</au><au>Bhukya, Bhima</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Antimycotic effect of 3-phenyllactic acid produced by probiotic bacterial isolates against Covid-19 associated mucormycosis causing fungi</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2023-03-30</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>e0279118</spage><epage>e0279118</epage><pages>e0279118-e0279118</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>The Covid-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) is an emerging disease affecting immunocompromised patients. Prevention of such infections using probiotics and their metabolites persist as effective therapeutic agents. Therefore, the present study emphasizes on assessment of their efficacy and safety. Samples from different sources like human milk, honey bee intestine, toddy, and dairy milk were collected, screened and characterized for potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and their metabolites to be used as effective antimicrobial agents to curtail CAM. Three isolates were selected based on probiotic properties and characterized as Lactobacillus pentosus BMOBR013, Lactobacillus pentosus BMOBR061 and Pediococcus acidilactici BMOBR041 by 16S rRNA sequencing and MALDI TOF-MS. The antimicrobial activity against standard bacterial pathogens showed ˃9 mm zone of inhibition. Furthermore, the antifungal activity of three isolates was tested against Aspergillus flavus MTCC 2788, Fusarium oxysporum, Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis where the results showed significant inhibition of each fungal strain. Further studies were carried out on lethal fungal pathogens like Rhizopus sp. and two Mucor sp. which are associated with post Covid-19 infection in immunosuppressed diabetic patients. Our studies on CAM inhibitory effect of LAB revealed the efficient inhibition against Rhizopus sp. and two Mucor sp. The cell free supernatants of three LAB showed varied inhibitory activity against these fungi. Following the antimicrobial activity, the antagonistic metabolite 3-Phenyllactic acid (PLA) in culture supernatant was quantified and characterized by HPLC and LC-MS using standard PLA (Sigma Aldrich). The isolate L. pentosus BMOBR013 produced highest PLA (0.441 g/L), followed by P. acidilactici BMOBR041 (0.294 g/L) and L. pentosus BMOBR061 (0.165 g/L). The minimum inhibitory concentration of HPLC eluted PLA on the Rhizopus sp. and two Mucor sp. was found to be 180 mg/ml which was further confirmed by inhibition of total mycelia under live cell imaging microscope.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>36996100</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0279118</doi><tpages>e0279118</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1343-3863</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2023-03, Vol.18 (3), p.e0279118-e0279118 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2792881851 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| subjects | Animals Anti-Infective Agents Antibiotics Antifungal activity Antifungal agents Antiinfectives and antibacterials Antimicrobial activity Antimicrobial agents Bacteria Bees - genetics Bile Biology and Life Sciences Blood vessels Breast milk Care and treatment Cell culture COVID-19 Diabetes Diabetes mellitus Disease Food Fungal infections Fungi Fungi - genetics Fungicides Fusarium oxysporum Glycerol Health aspects High-performance liquid chromatography Humans Immunocompromised hosts Infections Intestine Lactic acid Lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillales - genetics Lactobacillus pentosus Liquid chromatography Medicine and Health Sciences Metabolites Milk Minimum inhibitory concentration Mortality Mucor Mucormycosis Mucormycosis - drug therapy Mycoses Pathogens Pharmacology Polyesters Probiotics Probiotics - pharmacology Research and Analysis Methods Rhizopus RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics rRNA 16S Signal transduction |
| title | Antimycotic effect of 3-phenyllactic acid produced by probiotic bacterial isolates against Covid-19 associated mucormycosis causing fungi |
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