"If I get sick here, I will never see my children again": The mental health of international migrants during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile
The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on the mental health of international migrants globally. Chile has managed its response to the pandemic in an ongoing context of social unrest and combined regional migratory and humanitarian crisis. The country's population presents a high prevalence of...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2022-11, Vol.17 (11), p.e0277517-e0277517 |
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| creator | Blukacz, Alice Cabieses, Báltica Obach, Alexandra Madrid, Paula Carreño, Alejandra Pickett, Kate E Markkula, Niina |
| description | The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on the mental health of international migrants globally. Chile has managed its response to the pandemic in an ongoing context of social unrest and combined regional migratory and humanitarian crisis. The country's population presents a high prevalence of common mental disorders and a high suicide rate, with limited access to mental healthcare. International migrants in Chile represent 8% of the total population, and although a socioeconomically heterogenous group, they face social vulnerability, a range of mental health stressors and additional barriers to access mental healthcare. This study describes the mental health outcomes, stressors, response, and coping strategies perceived by international migrants during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile.
A qualitative case study was carried out through individual online interviews to 30 international migrants living in Chile during the pandemic and 10 experts of the social and health care sectors. An inductive content analysis was carried out, a process during which the researchers sought to identify patterns and themes derived from the data. Participants experienced mainly negative mental health outcomes, including anxiety and depression symptomatology. Stressors included the virus itself, work, living and socioeconomic conditions, discrimination, fear for their family and distance caring. Institutional responses to address the mental health of international migrants during the pandemic in Chile were limited and participants relied mainly on individual coping strategies.
The pandemic can represent an important opportunity to strengthen mental health systems for the general population as well as for population groups experiencing social vulnerability, if the issues identified and the lessons learned are translated into action at national, regional, and international level. Promoting the mental health of international migrants means recognising migration as a social determinant of mental health and adopting a cross-cultural as well as a Human Rights approach. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0277517 |
| format | Article |
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A qualitative case study was carried out through individual online interviews to 30 international migrants living in Chile during the pandemic and 10 experts of the social and health care sectors. An inductive content analysis was carried out, a process during which the researchers sought to identify patterns and themes derived from the data. Participants experienced mainly negative mental health outcomes, including anxiety and depression symptomatology. Stressors included the virus itself, work, living and socioeconomic conditions, discrimination, fear for their family and distance caring. Institutional responses to address the mental health of international migrants during the pandemic in Chile were limited and participants relied mainly on individual coping strategies.
The pandemic can represent an important opportunity to strengthen mental health systems for the general population as well as for population groups experiencing social vulnerability, if the issues identified and the lessons learned are translated into action at national, regional, and international level. Promoting the mental health of international migrants means recognising migration as a social determinant of mental health and adopting a cross-cultural as well as a Human Rights approach.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277517</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36445885</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Biology and Life Sciences ; Child ; Chile ; Chile - epidemiology ; Chileans ; Content analysis ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 - epidemiology ; Demographic aspects ; Emigration and immigration ; Epidemics ; Evaluation ; Health aspects ; Health care ; Health care policy ; Health insurance ; Health services ; Human rights ; Humans ; Influence ; Insurance coverage ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mental disorders ; Mental Health ; Migrants ; Migration ; Pandemics ; People and places ; Psychological aspects ; Public health ; Riots ; Social Sciences ; Socioeconomic factors ; Socioeconomics ; Suicide ; Suicides & suicide attempts ; Transients and Migrants ; Viruses ; Xenophobia</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2022-11, Vol.17 (11), p.e0277517-e0277517</ispartof><rights>Copyright: © 2022 Blukacz et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2022 Blukacz et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2022 Blukacz et al 2022 Blukacz et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-eb2fac4dbefd01617fefaf5b00c646ea30b72f816a7ef2089a0cb8dc8b9659713</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-eb2fac4dbefd01617fefaf5b00c646ea30b72f816a7ef2089a0cb8dc8b9659713</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0756-1954 ; 0000-0001-6999-2421</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9707751/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9707751/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36445885$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Infante Xibille, Cesar</contributor><creatorcontrib>Blukacz, Alice</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cabieses, Báltica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Obach, Alexandra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Madrid, Paula</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carreño, Alejandra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pickett, Kate E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Markkula, Niina</creatorcontrib><title>"If I get sick here, I will never see my children again": The mental health of international migrants during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on the mental health of international migrants globally. Chile has managed its response to the pandemic in an ongoing context of social unrest and combined regional migratory and humanitarian crisis. The country's population presents a high prevalence of common mental disorders and a high suicide rate, with limited access to mental healthcare. International migrants in Chile represent 8% of the total population, and although a socioeconomically heterogenous group, they face social vulnerability, a range of mental health stressors and additional barriers to access mental healthcare. This study describes the mental health outcomes, stressors, response, and coping strategies perceived by international migrants during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile.
A qualitative case study was carried out through individual online interviews to 30 international migrants living in Chile during the pandemic and 10 experts of the social and health care sectors. An inductive content analysis was carried out, a process during which the researchers sought to identify patterns and themes derived from the data. Participants experienced mainly negative mental health outcomes, including anxiety and depression symptomatology. Stressors included the virus itself, work, living and socioeconomic conditions, discrimination, fear for their family and distance caring. Institutional responses to address the mental health of international migrants during the pandemic in Chile were limited and participants relied mainly on individual coping strategies.
The pandemic can represent an important opportunity to strengthen mental health systems for the general population as well as for population groups experiencing social vulnerability, if the issues identified and the lessons learned are translated into action at national, regional, and international level. Promoting the mental health of international migrants means recognising migration as a social determinant of mental health and adopting a cross-cultural as well as a Human Rights approach.</description><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Chile</subject><subject>Chile - epidemiology</subject><subject>Chileans</subject><subject>Content analysis</subject><subject>Coronaviruses</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>COVID-19 - epidemiology</subject><subject>Demographic aspects</subject><subject>Emigration and immigration</subject><subject>Epidemics</subject><subject>Evaluation</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Health care</subject><subject>Health care policy</subject><subject>Health insurance</subject><subject>Health services</subject><subject>Human rights</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Influence</subject><subject>Insurance coverage</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Mental 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I get sick here, I will never see my children again": The mental health of international migrants during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile</title><author>Blukacz, Alice ; Cabieses, Báltica ; Obach, Alexandra ; Madrid, Paula ; Carreño, Alejandra ; Pickett, Kate E ; Markkula, Niina</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-eb2fac4dbefd01617fefaf5b00c646ea30b72f816a7ef2089a0cb8dc8b9659713</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Chile</topic><topic>Chile - epidemiology</topic><topic>Chileans</topic><topic>Content analysis</topic><topic>Coronaviruses</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>COVID-19 - epidemiology</topic><topic>Demographic aspects</topic><topic>Emigration and immigration</topic><topic>Epidemics</topic><topic>Evaluation</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Health 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Báltica</au><au>Obach, Alexandra</au><au>Madrid, Paula</au><au>Carreño, Alejandra</au><au>Pickett, Kate E</au><au>Markkula, Niina</au><au>Infante Xibille, Cesar</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>"If I get sick here, I will never see my children again": The mental health of international migrants during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2022-11-29</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>17</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>e0277517</spage><epage>e0277517</epage><pages>e0277517-e0277517</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on the mental health of international migrants globally. Chile has managed its response to the pandemic in an ongoing context of social unrest and combined regional migratory and humanitarian crisis. The country's population presents a high prevalence of common mental disorders and a high suicide rate, with limited access to mental healthcare. International migrants in Chile represent 8% of the total population, and although a socioeconomically heterogenous group, they face social vulnerability, a range of mental health stressors and additional barriers to access mental healthcare. This study describes the mental health outcomes, stressors, response, and coping strategies perceived by international migrants during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile.
A qualitative case study was carried out through individual online interviews to 30 international migrants living in Chile during the pandemic and 10 experts of the social and health care sectors. An inductive content analysis was carried out, a process during which the researchers sought to identify patterns and themes derived from the data. Participants experienced mainly negative mental health outcomes, including anxiety and depression symptomatology. Stressors included the virus itself, work, living and socioeconomic conditions, discrimination, fear for their family and distance caring. Institutional responses to address the mental health of international migrants during the pandemic in Chile were limited and participants relied mainly on individual coping strategies.
The pandemic can represent an important opportunity to strengthen mental health systems for the general population as well as for population groups experiencing social vulnerability, if the issues identified and the lessons learned are translated into action at national, regional, and international level. Promoting the mental health of international migrants means recognising migration as a social determinant of mental health and adopting a cross-cultural as well as a Human Rights approach.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>36445885</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0277517</doi><tpages>e0277517</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0756-1954</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6999-2421</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2022-11, Vol.17 (11), p.e0277517-e0277517 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2741301997 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Biology and Life Sciences Child Chile Chile - epidemiology Chileans Content analysis Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 - epidemiology Demographic aspects Emigration and immigration Epidemics Evaluation Health aspects Health care Health care policy Health insurance Health services Human rights Humans Influence Insurance coverage Medicine and Health Sciences Mental disorders Mental Health Migrants Migration Pandemics People and places Psychological aspects Public health Riots Social Sciences Socioeconomic factors Socioeconomics Suicide Suicides & suicide attempts Transients and Migrants Viruses Xenophobia |
| title | "If I get sick here, I will never see my children again": The mental health of international migrants during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-21T20%3A01%3A10IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%22If%20I%20get%20sick%20here,%20I%20will%20never%20see%20my%20children%20again%22:%20The%20mental%20health%C2%A0of%C2%A0international%20migrants%20during%20the%20COVID-19%20pandemic%20in%20Chile&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Blukacz,%20Alice&rft.date=2022-11-29&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=e0277517&rft.epage=e0277517&rft.pages=e0277517-e0277517&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0277517&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA728249110%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2741301997&rft_id=info:pmid/36445885&rft_galeid=A728249110&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_0d7a45806e4f4623bfc15d8378735167&rfr_iscdi=true |