Contextual factors and spatial trends of childhood malnutrition in Zambia
Understanding the national burden and epidemiological profile of childhood malnutrition is central to achieving both national and global health priorities. However, national estimates of malnutrition often conceal large geographical disparities. This study examined the prevalence of childhood malnut...
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| description | Understanding the national burden and epidemiological profile of childhood malnutrition is central to achieving both national and global health priorities. However, national estimates of malnutrition often conceal large geographical disparities. This study examined the prevalence of childhood malnutrition across provinces in Zambia, changes over time, and identified factors associated with the changes. We analyzed data from the 2013/4 and 2018 Zambia demographic and health surveys (ZDHS) to examine the spatial heterogeneity and mesoscale correlates of the dual burden of malnutrition in children in Zambia. Maps illustrating the provincial variation of childhood malnutrition were constructed. Socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with childhood malnutrition in 2013 and 2018 were assessed independently using a multivariate logistic model. Between 2013/4 and 2018, the average prevalence of stunting decreased from 40.1% (95% CI: 39.2-40.9) to 34.6% (95% CI:33.6-35.5), wasting decreased from 6.0% (95% CI: 5.6-6.5) to 4.2% (95% CI: 3.8-4.7), underweight decreased from 14.8% (95% CI: 14.1-15.4) to 11.8% (95% CI: 11.2-12.5) and overweight decreased from 5.7% (95% CI: 5.3-6.2) to 5.2% (95% CI: 4.8-5.7). High variability in the prevalence of childhood malnutrition across the provinces were observed. Specifically, stunting and underweight in Northern and Luapula provinces were observed in 2013/14, whereas Lusaka province had a higher degree of variability over the two survey periods. The study points to key sub-populations at greater risk and provinces where malnutrition was prevalent in Zambia. Overall, these results have important implications for nutrition policy and program efforts to reduce the double burden of malnutrition in Zambia. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0277015 |
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However, national estimates of malnutrition often conceal large geographical disparities. This study examined the prevalence of childhood malnutrition across provinces in Zambia, changes over time, and identified factors associated with the changes. We analyzed data from the 2013/4 and 2018 Zambia demographic and health surveys (ZDHS) to examine the spatial heterogeneity and mesoscale correlates of the dual burden of malnutrition in children in Zambia. Maps illustrating the provincial variation of childhood malnutrition were constructed. Socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with childhood malnutrition in 2013 and 2018 were assessed independently using a multivariate logistic model. Between 2013/4 and 2018, the average prevalence of stunting decreased from 40.1% (95% CI: 39.2-40.9) to 34.6% (95% CI:33.6-35.5), wasting decreased from 6.0% (95% CI: 5.6-6.5) to 4.2% (95% CI: 3.8-4.7), underweight decreased from 14.8% (95% CI: 14.1-15.4) to 11.8% (95% CI: 11.2-12.5) and overweight decreased from 5.7% (95% CI: 5.3-6.2) to 5.2% (95% CI: 4.8-5.7). High variability in the prevalence of childhood malnutrition across the provinces were observed. Specifically, stunting and underweight in Northern and Luapula provinces were observed in 2013/14, whereas Lusaka province had a higher degree of variability over the two survey periods. The study points to key sub-populations at greater risk and provinces where malnutrition was prevalent in Zambia. Overall, these results have important implications for nutrition policy and program efforts to reduce the double burden of malnutrition in Zambia.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277015</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>San Francisco: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Age ; Analysis ; Body weight ; Care and treatment ; Childhood ; Children ; Children & youth ; Cognitive development ; Context effects (Psychology) ; Data collection ; Datasets ; Demographics ; Demography ; Diagnosis ; Diarrhea ; Education ; Epidemiology ; Global health ; Health surveys ; Heterogeneity ; Households ; Infectious diseases ; Intervention ; Malnutrition ; Malnutrition in children ; Methods ; Mothers ; Nutrition ; Nutritional status ; Overweight ; Public health ; Spatial analysis (Statistics) ; Spatial heterogeneity ; Surveys ; Trends ; Underweight ; Variability ; Variables</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2022-11, Vol.17 (11), p.e0277015-e0277015</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2022 Phiri et al. 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However, national estimates of malnutrition often conceal large geographical disparities. This study examined the prevalence of childhood malnutrition across provinces in Zambia, changes over time, and identified factors associated with the changes. We analyzed data from the 2013/4 and 2018 Zambia demographic and health surveys (ZDHS) to examine the spatial heterogeneity and mesoscale correlates of the dual burden of malnutrition in children in Zambia. Maps illustrating the provincial variation of childhood malnutrition were constructed. Socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with childhood malnutrition in 2013 and 2018 were assessed independently using a multivariate logistic model. Between 2013/4 and 2018, the average prevalence of stunting decreased from 40.1% (95% CI: 39.2-40.9) to 34.6% (95% CI:33.6-35.5), wasting decreased from 6.0% (95% CI: 5.6-6.5) to 4.2% (95% CI: 3.8-4.7), underweight decreased from 14.8% (95% CI: 14.1-15.4) to 11.8% (95% CI: 11.2-12.5) and overweight decreased from 5.7% (95% CI: 5.3-6.2) to 5.2% (95% CI: 4.8-5.7). High variability in the prevalence of childhood malnutrition across the provinces were observed. Specifically, stunting and underweight in Northern and Luapula provinces were observed in 2013/14, whereas Lusaka province had a higher degree of variability over the two survey periods. The study points to key sub-populations at greater risk and provinces where malnutrition was prevalent in Zambia. 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malnutrition is central to achieving both national and global health priorities. However, national estimates of malnutrition often conceal large geographical disparities. This study examined the prevalence of childhood malnutrition across provinces in Zambia, changes over time, and identified factors associated with the changes. We analyzed data from the 2013/4 and 2018 Zambia demographic and health surveys (ZDHS) to examine the spatial heterogeneity and mesoscale correlates of the dual burden of malnutrition in children in Zambia. Maps illustrating the provincial variation of childhood malnutrition were constructed. Socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with childhood malnutrition in 2013 and 2018 were assessed independently using a multivariate logistic model. Between 2013/4 and 2018, the average prevalence of stunting decreased from 40.1% (95% CI: 39.2-40.9) to 34.6% (95% CI:33.6-35.5), wasting decreased from 6.0% (95% CI: 5.6-6.5) to 4.2% (95% CI: 3.8-4.7), underweight decreased from 14.8% (95% CI: 14.1-15.4) to 11.8% (95% CI: 11.2-12.5) and overweight decreased from 5.7% (95% CI: 5.3-6.2) to 5.2% (95% CI: 4.8-5.7). High variability in the prevalence of childhood malnutrition across the provinces were observed. Specifically, stunting and underweight in Northern and Luapula provinces were observed in 2013/14, whereas Lusaka province had a higher degree of variability over the two survey periods. The study points to key sub-populations at greater risk and provinces where malnutrition was prevalent in Zambia. Overall, these results have important implications for nutrition policy and program efforts to reduce the double burden of malnutrition in Zambia.</abstract><cop>San Francisco</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0277015</doi><tpages>e0277015</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9817-1849</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS); PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Age Analysis Body weight Care and treatment Childhood Children Children & youth Cognitive development Context effects (Psychology) Data collection Datasets Demographics Demography Diagnosis Diarrhea Education Epidemiology Global health Health surveys Heterogeneity Households Infectious diseases Intervention Malnutrition Malnutrition in children Methods Mothers Nutrition Nutritional status Overweight Public health Spatial analysis (Statistics) Spatial heterogeneity Surveys Trends Underweight Variability Variables |
| title | Contextual factors and spatial trends of childhood malnutrition in Zambia |
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