Coincidence of low genetic diversity and increasing population size in wild gaur populations in the Khao Phaeng Ma Non-Hunting Area, Thailand: A challenge for conservation management under human-wildlife conflict
The gaur (Bos gaurus) is found throughout mainland South and Southeast Asia but is listed as an endangered species in Thailand with a decreasing population size and a reduction in suitable habitat. While gaur have shown a population recovery from 35 to 300 individuals within 30 years in the Khao Pha...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2022-08, Vol.17 (8), p.e0273731-e0273731 |
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| creator | Duengkae, Prateep Ariyaraphong, Nattakan Tipkantha, Wanlaya Jairak, Waleemas Baicharoen, Sudarath Nguyen, Dung Ho My Korboon, Onjira Singchat, Worapong Panthum, Thitipong Ahmad, Syed Farhan Kaewkhunjob, Erngsiri Chaisonkhram, Chavin Maikaew, Umaporn Muangmai, Narongrit Ieamsaard, Gittiyaporn Sripiboon, Supaphen Paansri, Paanwaris Suksavate, Warong Chaiyes, Aingorn Winitpornsawan, Supagit Prayoon, Umphornpimon Sornsa, Thiti Chokcharoen, Ratchanee Buanual, Annop Siriaroonrat, Boripat Utara, Yongchai Srikulnath, Kornsorn |
| description | The gaur (Bos gaurus) is found throughout mainland South and Southeast Asia but is listed as an endangered species in Thailand with a decreasing population size and a reduction in suitable habitat. While gaur have shown a population recovery from 35 to 300 individuals within 30 years in the Khao Phaeng Ma (KPM) Non-Hunting Area, this has caused conflict with villagers along the border of the protected area. At the same time, the ecotourism potential of watching gaurs has boosted the local economy. In this study, 13 mitochondrial displacement-loop sequence samples taken from gaur with GPS collars were analyzed. Three haplotypes identified in the population were defined by only two parsimony informative sites (from 9 mutational steps of nucleotide difference). One haplotype was shared among eleven individuals located in different subpopulations/herds, suggesting very low genetic diversity with few maternal lineages in the founder population. Based on the current small number of sequences, neutrality and demographic expansion test results also showed that the population was likely to contract in the near future. These findings provide insight into the genetic diversity and demography of the wild gaur population in the KPM protected area that can inform long-term sustainable management action plans. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0273731 |
| format | Article |
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While gaur have shown a population recovery from 35 to 300 individuals within 30 years in the Khao Phaeng Ma (KPM) Non-Hunting Area, this has caused conflict with villagers along the border of the protected area. At the same time, the ecotourism potential of watching gaurs has boosted the local economy. In this study, 13 mitochondrial displacement-loop sequence samples taken from gaur with GPS collars were analyzed. Three haplotypes identified in the population were defined by only two parsimony informative sites (from 9 mutational steps of nucleotide difference). One haplotype was shared among eleven individuals located in different subpopulations/herds, suggesting very low genetic diversity with few maternal lineages in the founder population. Based on the current small number of sequences, neutrality and demographic expansion test results also showed that the population was likely to contract in the near future. These findings provide insight into the genetic diversity and demography of the wild gaur population in the KPM protected area that can inform long-term sustainable management action plans.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273731</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36040968</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>San Francisco: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Animals ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Bos frontalis ; Cattle ; Conservation ; Demography ; Ecology and Environmental Sciences ; Ecotourism ; Endangered species ; Epidemics ; Farms ; Genetic diversity ; Haplotypes ; Hunting ; Local economy ; Management ; Mitochondria ; National parks ; Natural resources ; Nucleotides ; Parks & recreation areas ; People and Places ; Population ; Population genetics ; Population growth ; Population number ; Protected areas ; Protection and preservation ; Semiconductors ; Sequences ; Subpopulations ; Sustainability management ; Wildlife ; Wildlife conservation ; Wildlife habitats ; Wildlife management</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2022-08, Vol.17 (8), p.e0273731-e0273731</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2022 Duengkae et al. 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While gaur have shown a population recovery from 35 to 300 individuals within 30 years in the Khao Phaeng Ma (KPM) Non-Hunting Area, this has caused conflict with villagers along the border of the protected area. At the same time, the ecotourism potential of watching gaurs has boosted the local economy. In this study, 13 mitochondrial displacement-loop sequence samples taken from gaur with GPS collars were analyzed. Three haplotypes identified in the population were defined by only two parsimony informative sites (from 9 mutational steps of nucleotide difference). One haplotype was shared among eleven individuals located in different subpopulations/herds, suggesting very low genetic diversity with few maternal lineages in the founder population. Based on the current small number of sequences, neutrality and demographic expansion test results also showed that the population was likely to contract in the near future. These findings provide insight into the genetic diversity and demography of the wild gaur population in the KPM protected area that can inform long-term sustainable management action plans.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Bos frontalis</subject><subject>Cattle</subject><subject>Conservation</subject><subject>Demography</subject><subject>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</subject><subject>Ecotourism</subject><subject>Endangered species</subject><subject>Epidemics</subject><subject>Farms</subject><subject>Genetic diversity</subject><subject>Haplotypes</subject><subject>Hunting</subject><subject>Local economy</subject><subject>Management</subject><subject>Mitochondria</subject><subject>National parks</subject><subject>Natural resources</subject><subject>Nucleotides</subject><subject>Parks & recreation areas</subject><subject>People and Places</subject><subject>Population</subject><subject>Population 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Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Duengkae, Prateep</au><au>Ariyaraphong, Nattakan</au><au>Tipkantha, Wanlaya</au><au>Jairak, Waleemas</au><au>Baicharoen, Sudarath</au><au>Nguyen, Dung Ho My</au><au>Korboon, Onjira</au><au>Singchat, Worapong</au><au>Panthum, Thitipong</au><au>Ahmad, Syed Farhan</au><au>Kaewkhunjob, Erngsiri</au><au>Chaisonkhram, Chavin</au><au>Maikaew, Umaporn</au><au>Muangmai, Narongrit</au><au>Ieamsaard, Gittiyaporn</au><au>Sripiboon, Supaphen</au><au>Paansri, Paanwaris</au><au>Suksavate, Warong</au><au>Chaiyes, Aingorn</au><au>Winitpornsawan, Supagit</au><au>Prayoon, Umphornpimon</au><au>Sornsa, Thiti</au><au>Chokcharoen, Ratchanee</au><au>Buanual, Annop</au><au>Siriaroonrat, Boripat</au><au>Utara, Yongchai</au><au>Srikulnath, Kornsorn</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Coincidence of low genetic diversity and increasing population size in wild gaur populations in the Khao Phaeng Ma Non-Hunting Area, Thailand: A challenge for conservation management under human-wildlife conflict</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><date>2022-08-30</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>17</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>e0273731</spage><epage>e0273731</epage><pages>e0273731-e0273731</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>The gaur (Bos gaurus) is found throughout mainland South and Southeast Asia but is listed as an endangered species in Thailand with a decreasing population size and a reduction in suitable habitat. While gaur have shown a population recovery from 35 to 300 individuals within 30 years in the Khao Phaeng Ma (KPM) Non-Hunting Area, this has caused conflict with villagers along the border of the protected area. At the same time, the ecotourism potential of watching gaurs has boosted the local economy. In this study, 13 mitochondrial displacement-loop sequence samples taken from gaur with GPS collars were analyzed. Three haplotypes identified in the population were defined by only two parsimony informative sites (from 9 mutational steps of nucleotide difference). One haplotype was shared among eleven individuals located in different subpopulations/herds, suggesting very low genetic diversity with few maternal lineages in the founder population. Based on the current small number of sequences, neutrality and demographic expansion test results also showed that the population was likely to contract in the near future. These findings provide insight into the genetic diversity and demography of the wild gaur population in the KPM protected area that can inform long-term sustainable management action plans.</abstract><cop>San Francisco</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>36040968</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0273731</doi><tpages>e0273731</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4551-1168</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7147-1684</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5985-7258</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8222-0255</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2022-08, Vol.17 (8), p.e0273731-e0273731 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2708225974 |
| source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| subjects | Animals Biology and Life Sciences Bos frontalis Cattle Conservation Demography Ecology and Environmental Sciences Ecotourism Endangered species Epidemics Farms Genetic diversity Haplotypes Hunting Local economy Management Mitochondria National parks Natural resources Nucleotides Parks & recreation areas People and Places Population Population genetics Population growth Population number Protected areas Protection and preservation Semiconductors Sequences Subpopulations Sustainability management Wildlife Wildlife conservation Wildlife habitats Wildlife management |
| title | Coincidence of low genetic diversity and increasing population size in wild gaur populations in the Khao Phaeng Ma Non-Hunting Area, Thailand: A challenge for conservation management under human-wildlife conflict |
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