Elevated alpha-fetoprotein in asymptomatic adults: Clinical features, outcome, and association with body composition
Apparently healthy individuals with elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels (>7 ng/mL) for unknown causes visit clinics. We investigated their clinical characteristics, outcomes, and relationship with body fat deposition and muscle mass. The case group included asymptomatic 137 individuals...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2022-07, Vol.17 (7), p.e0271407-e0271407 |
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| creator | Jang, Sangmi Choi, Gwang Hyeon Chang, Won Jang, Eun Sun Kim, Jin-Wook Jeong, Sook-Hyang |
| description | Apparently healthy individuals with elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels (>7 ng/mL) for unknown causes visit clinics. We investigated their clinical characteristics, outcomes, and relationship with body fat deposition and muscle mass. The case group included asymptomatic 137 individuals with "elevated AFP level" (R772) diagnostic code from 2009 to 2018 in a tertiary hospital. The control group enrolled 274 age- and sex-matched patients with |
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We investigated their clinical characteristics, outcomes, and relationship with body fat deposition and muscle mass. The case group included asymptomatic 137 individuals with "elevated AFP level" (R772) diagnostic code from 2009 to 2018 in a tertiary hospital. The control group enrolled 274 age- and sex-matched patients with <5 cm hepatic hemangiomas. Hepatic, visceral, and psoas muscle adiposity and psoas muscle index (PMI) were measured in the subgroups of 45 cases and 90 controls with pre-contrast computed tomography (CT) images. The case group (mean age 47.5 years, male 35.8%) showed higher AFP levels (10.3 vs 2.5 ng/mL, p<0.001) and total bilirubin (0.8 vs 0.7 mg/dL, p<0.001), but a lower body mass index (22.2 vs 23.3 kg/m.sup.2, p = 0.011) and alanine aminotransferase levels (17.0 vs 19.0 IU/L, p = 0.047) than the controls. During 13 months of median follow-up, there was no cancer or liver disease development. The AFP levels were stable. In the subgroups with CT images, cases showed a lower proportion of hepatic steatosis (4.4% vs 18.9%, p = 0.023), higher psoas muscle attenuation (48.2 vs 43.8 Hounsfield units, p<0.001) and higher PMI (5.7 vs 4.2 cm.sup.2 /m.sup.2, p<0.001) than the controls. Elevated AFP levels in asymptomatic individuals may play a role in expressing a protective phenotype against hepatic steatosis, myosteatosis, and sarcopenia. AFP levels in patients with elevated AFP were stable during follow-up without liver injury or cancer development. Interaction between AFP expression and steatosis warrants further study.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271407</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35862314</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>San Francisco: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adipose tissue ; Age ; Alanine ; Alanine transaminase ; Alpha fetoproteins ; Asymptomatic ; Bilirubin ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Body composition ; Body fat ; Body mass ; Body mass index ; Body size ; Cancer ; Computed tomography ; Diabetes ; Fatty liver ; Glucose ; Hemangioma ; Hepatitis ; Hospitals ; Image contrast ; Laboratories ; Liver ; Liver cancer ; Liver cirrhosis ; Liver diseases ; Medical imaging ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Muscles ; Ovaries ; Patients ; Phenotypes ; Properties ; Psoas muscle ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Sarcopenia ; Steatosis ; Subgroups ; Tertiary ; Variables ; α-Fetoprotein</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2022-07, Vol.17 (7), p.e0271407-e0271407</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2022 Jang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2022 Jang et al 2022 Jang et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c669t-cca59fca8a483afe08b17b5e24537db3bbbeaed9cd10c2cff64fcf8c4263e0083</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c669t-cca59fca8a483afe08b17b5e24537db3bbbeaed9cd10c2cff64fcf8c4263e0083</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-4916-7990</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9302731/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9302731/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23847,27903,27904,53769,53771,79346,79347</link.rule.ids></links><search><contributor>Takahashi, Nobuyuki</contributor><creatorcontrib>Jang, Sangmi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Gwang Hyeon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chang, Won</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jang, Eun Sun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Jin-Wook</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeong, Sook-Hyang</creatorcontrib><title>Elevated alpha-fetoprotein in asymptomatic adults: Clinical features, outcome, and association with body composition</title><title>PloS one</title><description>Apparently healthy individuals with elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels (>7 ng/mL) for unknown causes visit clinics. We investigated their clinical characteristics, outcomes, and relationship with body fat deposition and muscle mass. The case group included asymptomatic 137 individuals with "elevated AFP level" (R772) diagnostic code from 2009 to 2018 in a tertiary hospital. The control group enrolled 274 age- and sex-matched patients with <5 cm hepatic hemangiomas. Hepatic, visceral, and psoas muscle adiposity and psoas muscle index (PMI) were measured in the subgroups of 45 cases and 90 controls with pre-contrast computed tomography (CT) images. The case group (mean age 47.5 years, male 35.8%) showed higher AFP levels (10.3 vs 2.5 ng/mL, p<0.001) and total bilirubin (0.8 vs 0.7 mg/dL, p<0.001), but a lower body mass index (22.2 vs 23.3 kg/m.sup.2, p = 0.011) and alanine aminotransferase levels (17.0 vs 19.0 IU/L, p = 0.047) than the controls. During 13 months of median follow-up, there was no cancer or liver disease development. The AFP levels were stable. In the subgroups with CT images, cases showed a lower proportion of hepatic steatosis (4.4% vs 18.9%, p = 0.023), higher psoas muscle attenuation (48.2 vs 43.8 Hounsfield units, p<0.001) and higher PMI (5.7 vs 4.2 cm.sup.2 /m.sup.2, p<0.001) than the controls. Elevated AFP levels in asymptomatic individuals may play a role in expressing a protective phenotype against hepatic steatosis, myosteatosis, and sarcopenia. AFP levels in patients with elevated AFP were stable during follow-up without liver injury or cancer development. Interaction between AFP expression and steatosis warrants further study.</description><subject>Adipose tissue</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Alanine</subject><subject>Alanine transaminase</subject><subject>Alpha fetoproteins</subject><subject>Asymptomatic</subject><subject>Bilirubin</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Body composition</subject><subject>Body fat</subject><subject>Body mass</subject><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>Body size</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Computed tomography</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Fatty liver</subject><subject>Glucose</subject><subject>Hemangioma</subject><subject>Hepatitis</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Image contrast</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Liver</subject><subject>Liver cancer</subject><subject>Liver cirrhosis</subject><subject>Liver diseases</subject><subject>Medical imaging</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Muscles</subject><subject>Ovaries</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Phenotypes</subject><subject>Properties</subject><subject>Psoas muscle</subject><subject>Research and Analysis 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alpha-fetoprotein in asymptomatic adults: Clinical features, outcome, and association with body composition</title><author>Jang, Sangmi ; Choi, Gwang Hyeon ; Chang, Won ; Jang, Eun Sun ; Kim, Jin-Wook ; Jeong, Sook-Hyang</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c669t-cca59fca8a483afe08b17b5e24537db3bbbeaed9cd10c2cff64fcf8c4263e0083</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Adipose tissue</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Alanine</topic><topic>Alanine transaminase</topic><topic>Alpha fetoproteins</topic><topic>Asymptomatic</topic><topic>Bilirubin</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Body composition</topic><topic>Body fat</topic><topic>Body mass</topic><topic>Body mass index</topic><topic>Body size</topic><topic>Cancer</topic><topic>Computed tomography</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Fatty liver</topic><topic>Glucose</topic><topic>Hemangioma</topic><topic>Hepatitis</topic><topic>Hospitals</topic><topic>Image contrast</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Liver</topic><topic>Liver cancer</topic><topic>Liver cirrhosis</topic><topic>Liver diseases</topic><topic>Medical imaging</topic><topic>Medicine and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Muscles</topic><topic>Ovaries</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Phenotypes</topic><topic>Properties</topic><topic>Psoas muscle</topic><topic>Research and Analysis Methods</topic><topic>Sarcopenia</topic><topic>Steatosis</topic><topic>Subgroups</topic><topic>Tertiary</topic><topic>Variables</topic><topic>α-Fetoprotein</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Jang, Sangmi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Gwang Hyeon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chang, Won</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jang, Eun Sun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, 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body composition</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><date>2022-07-21</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>17</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>e0271407</spage><epage>e0271407</epage><pages>e0271407-e0271407</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Apparently healthy individuals with elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels (>7 ng/mL) for unknown causes visit clinics. We investigated their clinical characteristics, outcomes, and relationship with body fat deposition and muscle mass. The case group included asymptomatic 137 individuals with "elevated AFP level" (R772) diagnostic code from 2009 to 2018 in a tertiary hospital. The control group enrolled 274 age- and sex-matched patients with <5 cm hepatic hemangiomas. Hepatic, visceral, and psoas muscle adiposity and psoas muscle index (PMI) were measured in the subgroups of 45 cases and 90 controls with pre-contrast computed tomography (CT) images. The case group (mean age 47.5 years, male 35.8%) showed higher AFP levels (10.3 vs 2.5 ng/mL, p<0.001) and total bilirubin (0.8 vs 0.7 mg/dL, p<0.001), but a lower body mass index (22.2 vs 23.3 kg/m.sup.2, p = 0.011) and alanine aminotransferase levels (17.0 vs 19.0 IU/L, p = 0.047) than the controls. During 13 months of median follow-up, there was no cancer or liver disease development. The AFP levels were stable. In the subgroups with CT images, cases showed a lower proportion of hepatic steatosis (4.4% vs 18.9%, p = 0.023), higher psoas muscle attenuation (48.2 vs 43.8 Hounsfield units, p<0.001) and higher PMI (5.7 vs 4.2 cm.sup.2 /m.sup.2, p<0.001) than the controls. Elevated AFP levels in asymptomatic individuals may play a role in expressing a protective phenotype against hepatic steatosis, myosteatosis, and sarcopenia. AFP levels in patients with elevated AFP were stable during follow-up without liver injury or cancer development. Interaction between AFP expression and steatosis warrants further study.</abstract><cop>San Francisco</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>35862314</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0271407</doi><tpages>e0271407</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4916-7990</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adipose tissue Age Alanine Alanine transaminase Alpha fetoproteins Asymptomatic Bilirubin Biology and Life Sciences Body composition Body fat Body mass Body mass index Body size Cancer Computed tomography Diabetes Fatty liver Glucose Hemangioma Hepatitis Hospitals Image contrast Laboratories Liver Liver cancer Liver cirrhosis Liver diseases Medical imaging Medicine and Health Sciences Muscles Ovaries Patients Phenotypes Properties Psoas muscle Research and Analysis Methods Sarcopenia Steatosis Subgroups Tertiary Variables α-Fetoprotein |
| title | Elevated alpha-fetoprotein in asymptomatic adults: Clinical features, outcome, and association with body composition |
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