Comprehensive analysis of the importance of PLAUR in the progression and immune microenvironment of renal clear cell carcinoma
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a common type of kidney cancer with a high mortality rate, and the discovery of new therapeutic markers is essential to improve patient survival. The plasminogen activator urokinase receptor (PLAUR) plays key roles in tissue remodeling and extracellular mat...
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| description | Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a common type of kidney cancer with a high mortality rate, and the discovery of new therapeutic markers is essential to improve patient survival. The plasminogen activator urokinase receptor (PLAUR) plays key roles in tissue remodeling and extracellular matrix degradation, which contribute to invasion and metastasis, a major feature of tumor malignancy. The role of PLAUR in ccRCC pathology has not been deeply studied. In this study, we collected the mRNA expression data of 33 tumor types, each derived from human patients obtained from TCGA database, and comprehensively analyzed the correlation between the expression of PLAUR in tumors and prognosis. Then, we studied the relationship between PLAUR expression in ccRCC and specific clinical features of ccRCC patients. In addition, we analyzed the function and mechanism of PLAUR in ccRCC. Our results showed that PLAUR was significantly overexpressed in ccRCC and that both PLAUR levels and PLAUR methylation levels significantly correlated with poor prognosis. Our results also suggest that PLAUR is involved in the progression of ccRCC. The results of functional and mechanistic analysis of PLAUR showed that PLAUR is involved in inflammatory and immune-related pathways in ccRCC; other data showed that PLAUR expression may affect the infiltration of multiple immune cell types in ccRCC and that PLAUR levels were significantly and positively correlated with the expression of immune checkpoints. In conclusion, our findings suggest that high PLAUR expression can promote the progression of ccRCC to poor prognosis, and thus PLAUR may serve as both a potential marker for predicting macrophage infiltration and immune microenvironment status and as an important immunotherapy target for ccRCC. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0269595 |
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The plasminogen activator urokinase receptor (PLAUR) plays key roles in tissue remodeling and extracellular matrix degradation, which contribute to invasion and metastasis, a major feature of tumor malignancy. The role of PLAUR in ccRCC pathology has not been deeply studied. In this study, we collected the mRNA expression data of 33 tumor types, each derived from human patients obtained from TCGA database, and comprehensively analyzed the correlation between the expression of PLAUR in tumors and prognosis. Then, we studied the relationship between PLAUR expression in ccRCC and specific clinical features of ccRCC patients. In addition, we analyzed the function and mechanism of PLAUR in ccRCC. Our results showed that PLAUR was significantly overexpressed in ccRCC and that both PLAUR levels and PLAUR methylation levels significantly correlated with poor prognosis. Our results also suggest that PLAUR is involved in the progression of ccRCC. The results of functional and mechanistic analysis of PLAUR showed that PLAUR is involved in inflammatory and immune-related pathways in ccRCC; other data showed that PLAUR expression may affect the infiltration of multiple immune cell types in ccRCC and that PLAUR levels were significantly and positively correlated with the expression of immune checkpoints. In conclusion, our findings suggest that high PLAUR expression can promote the progression of ccRCC to poor prognosis, and thus PLAUR may serve as both a potential marker for predicting macrophage infiltration and immune microenvironment status and as an important immunotherapy target for ccRCC.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269595</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35675366</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Biology and Life Sciences ; Biomarkers, Tumor - genetics ; Cancer ; Cancer therapies ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell - pathology ; Care and treatment ; Chemotherapy ; Clear cell-type renal cell carcinoma ; Diagnosis ; Evaluation ; Extracellular matrix ; Gene expression ; Genomes ; Humans ; Immune checkpoint ; Immune system ; Immunotherapy ; Infiltration ; Inflammation ; Kidney cancer ; Kidney Neoplasms - pathology ; Macrophages ; Malignancy ; Markers ; Medical prognosis ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Metastases ; Metastasis ; Methylation ; Microenvironments ; Patients ; Physical Sciences ; Plasminogen Activators ; Prognosis ; Tumor Microenvironment - genetics ; Tumors ; U-Plasminogen activator ; Urokinase ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator - genetics</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2022-06, Vol.17 (6), p.e0269595-e0269595</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2022 Wang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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The plasminogen activator urokinase receptor (PLAUR) plays key roles in tissue remodeling and extracellular matrix degradation, which contribute to invasion and metastasis, a major feature of tumor malignancy. The role of PLAUR in ccRCC pathology has not been deeply studied. In this study, we collected the mRNA expression data of 33 tumor types, each derived from human patients obtained from TCGA database, and comprehensively analyzed the correlation between the expression of PLAUR in tumors and prognosis. Then, we studied the relationship between PLAUR expression in ccRCC and specific clinical features of ccRCC patients. In addition, we analyzed the function and mechanism of PLAUR in ccRCC. Our results showed that PLAUR was significantly overexpressed in ccRCC and that both PLAUR levels and PLAUR methylation levels significantly correlated with poor prognosis. Our results also suggest that PLAUR is involved in the progression of ccRCC. The results of functional and mechanistic analysis of PLAUR showed that PLAUR is involved in inflammatory and immune-related pathways in ccRCC; other data showed that PLAUR expression may affect the infiltration of multiple immune cell types in ccRCC and that PLAUR levels were significantly and positively correlated with the expression of immune checkpoints. In conclusion, our findings suggest that high PLAUR expression can promote the progression of ccRCC to poor prognosis, and thus PLAUR may serve as both a potential marker for predicting macrophage infiltration and immune microenvironment status and as an important immunotherapy target for ccRCC.</description><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomarkers, Tumor - genetics</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Cancer therapies</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Renal Cell - pathology</subject><subject>Care and treatment</subject><subject>Chemotherapy</subject><subject>Clear cell-type renal cell carcinoma</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Evaluation</subject><subject>Extracellular matrix</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Genomes</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immune checkpoint</subject><subject>Immune system</subject><subject>Immunotherapy</subject><subject>Infiltration</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Kidney cancer</subject><subject>Kidney Neoplasms - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wang, Zhiwei</au><au>Wang, Kunxiong</au><au>Gao, Xin</au><au>Liu, Zhenxiang</au><au>Xing, Zengshu</au><au>Patnaik, Santosh K.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Comprehensive analysis of the importance of PLAUR in the progression and immune microenvironment of renal clear cell carcinoma</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2022-06-08</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>17</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>e0269595</spage><epage>e0269595</epage><pages>e0269595-e0269595</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a common type of kidney cancer with a high mortality rate, and the discovery of new therapeutic markers is essential to improve patient survival. The plasminogen activator urokinase receptor (PLAUR) plays key roles in tissue remodeling and extracellular matrix degradation, which contribute to invasion and metastasis, a major feature of tumor malignancy. The role of PLAUR in ccRCC pathology has not been deeply studied. In this study, we collected the mRNA expression data of 33 tumor types, each derived from human patients obtained from TCGA database, and comprehensively analyzed the correlation between the expression of PLAUR in tumors and prognosis. Then, we studied the relationship between PLAUR expression in ccRCC and specific clinical features of ccRCC patients. In addition, we analyzed the function and mechanism of PLAUR in ccRCC. Our results showed that PLAUR was significantly overexpressed in ccRCC and that both PLAUR levels and PLAUR methylation levels significantly correlated with poor prognosis. Our results also suggest that PLAUR is involved in the progression of ccRCC. The results of functional and mechanistic analysis of PLAUR showed that PLAUR is involved in inflammatory and immune-related pathways in ccRCC; other data showed that PLAUR expression may affect the infiltration of multiple immune cell types in ccRCC and that PLAUR levels were significantly and positively correlated with the expression of immune checkpoints. In conclusion, our findings suggest that high PLAUR expression can promote the progression of ccRCC to poor prognosis, and thus PLAUR may serve as both a potential marker for predicting macrophage infiltration and immune microenvironment status and as an important immunotherapy target for ccRCC.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>35675366</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0269595</doi><tpages>e0269595</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7552-0823</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Biology and Life Sciences Biomarkers, Tumor - genetics Cancer Cancer therapies Carcinoma, Renal Cell - pathology Care and treatment Chemotherapy Clear cell-type renal cell carcinoma Diagnosis Evaluation Extracellular matrix Gene expression Genomes Humans Immune checkpoint Immune system Immunotherapy Infiltration Inflammation Kidney cancer Kidney Neoplasms - pathology Macrophages Malignancy Markers Medical prognosis Medicine and Health Sciences Metastases Metastasis Methylation Microenvironments Patients Physical Sciences Plasminogen Activators Prognosis Tumor Microenvironment - genetics Tumors U-Plasminogen activator Urokinase Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator - genetics |
| title | Comprehensive analysis of the importance of PLAUR in the progression and immune microenvironment of renal clear cell carcinoma |
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