Association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and coronary atherosclerosis
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) typically presents with symptoms of heartburn and acid regurgitation but occasionally manifests as atypical chest pain. Coronary artery disease (CAD) and GERD share some risk factors, such as smoking and obesity. The aims of this study were to evaluate the asso...
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| creator | Song, Ji Hyun Kim, Young Sun Choi, Su-Yeon Yang, Sun Young |
| description | Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) typically presents with symptoms of heartburn and acid regurgitation but occasionally manifests as atypical chest pain. Coronary artery disease (CAD) and GERD share some risk factors, such as smoking and obesity. The aims of this study were to evaluate the association between GERD and coronary atherosclerosis and to assess the risk factors for coronary atherosclerosis in GERD patients.
A total of 16616 subjects who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy from 2003 to 2017 and a cardiac computed tomography (CT) scan within one year were included in this study. Coronary atherosclerosis was evaluated by the coronary artery calcium score (CACS). The severity of GERD was evaluated based on endoscopic findings using the Los Angeles classification.
The proportion of high CACSs (≥100) increased significantly in subjects with severe GERD (p = 0.008). However, the presence of a high CACS did not increase the risk of GERD (OR = 1.007, 95% CI 0.857-1.182), nor did that of GERD increase the risk of a high CACS (OR = 1.018, 95% CI 0.865-1.198). The risk factors for a high CACS in GERD patients included age (OR = 1.087, 95% CI 1.066-1.109), male sex (OR = 5.645, 95% CI 2.561-12.446), hypertension (OR = 1.800, 95% CI 1.325-2.446), and hypercholesterolemia (OR = 1.684, 95% CI 1.213-2.338).
Although the presence of a high CACS did not increase the risk of GERD or vice versa, the proportion of high CACSs was significantly higher in subjects with severe GERD. Therefore, it might be helpful to assess the CACS in GERD patients with multiple risk factors. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0267053 |
| format | Article |
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A total of 16616 subjects who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy from 2003 to 2017 and a cardiac computed tomography (CT) scan within one year were included in this study. Coronary atherosclerosis was evaluated by the coronary artery calcium score (CACS). The severity of GERD was evaluated based on endoscopic findings using the Los Angeles classification.
The proportion of high CACSs (≥100) increased significantly in subjects with severe GERD (p = 0.008). However, the presence of a high CACS did not increase the risk of GERD (OR = 1.007, 95% CI 0.857-1.182), nor did that of GERD increase the risk of a high CACS (OR = 1.018, 95% CI 0.865-1.198). The risk factors for a high CACS in GERD patients included age (OR = 1.087, 95% CI 1.066-1.109), male sex (OR = 5.645, 95% CI 2.561-12.446), hypertension (OR = 1.800, 95% CI 1.325-2.446), and hypercholesterolemia (OR = 1.684, 95% CI 1.213-2.338).
Although the presence of a high CACS did not increase the risk of GERD or vice versa, the proportion of high CACSs was significantly higher in subjects with severe GERD. Therefore, it might be helpful to assess the CACS in GERD patients with multiple risk factors.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267053</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35594317</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Acids ; Alcohol ; Angina pectoris ; Arteriosclerosis ; Atherosclerosis ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Body mass index ; Calcification (ectopic) ; Cardiovascular disease ; Complications and side effects ; Computed tomography ; Coronary artery ; Coronary artery disease ; Coronary vessels ; Diabetes ; Endoscopy ; Esophagus ; Evaluation ; Family medical history ; Gastroesophageal reflux ; Heart diseases ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Hypertension ; Ischemia ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Obesity ; Overweight ; Pain ; Patients ; Regurgitation ; Risk analysis ; Risk factors ; Signs and symptoms</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2022-05, Vol.17 (5), p.e0267053-e0267053</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2022 Song et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2022 Song et al 2022 Song et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-845da8fb5ebc2d36cb97bc4e8511283f95c6001f9384bb03eb90a249ff407e483</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-845da8fb5ebc2d36cb97bc4e8511283f95c6001f9384bb03eb90a249ff407e483</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-9459-9250</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9122211/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9122211/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793,79600,79601</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35594317$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Subramanian, Venkateswaran</contributor><creatorcontrib>Song, Ji Hyun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Young Sun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Su-Yeon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Sun Young</creatorcontrib><title>Association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and coronary atherosclerosis</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) typically presents with symptoms of heartburn and acid regurgitation but occasionally manifests as atypical chest pain. Coronary artery disease (CAD) and GERD share some risk factors, such as smoking and obesity. The aims of this study were to evaluate the association between GERD and coronary atherosclerosis and to assess the risk factors for coronary atherosclerosis in GERD patients.
A total of 16616 subjects who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy from 2003 to 2017 and a cardiac computed tomography (CT) scan within one year were included in this study. Coronary atherosclerosis was evaluated by the coronary artery calcium score (CACS). The severity of GERD was evaluated based on endoscopic findings using the Los Angeles classification.
The proportion of high CACSs (≥100) increased significantly in subjects with severe GERD (p = 0.008). However, the presence of a high CACS did not increase the risk of GERD (OR = 1.007, 95% CI 0.857-1.182), nor did that of GERD increase the risk of a high CACS (OR = 1.018, 95% CI 0.865-1.198). The risk factors for a high CACS in GERD patients included age (OR = 1.087, 95% CI 1.066-1.109), male sex (OR = 5.645, 95% CI 2.561-12.446), hypertension (OR = 1.800, 95% CI 1.325-2.446), and hypercholesterolemia (OR = 1.684, 95% CI 1.213-2.338).
Although the presence of a high CACS did not increase the risk of GERD or vice versa, the proportion of high CACSs was significantly higher in subjects with severe GERD. Therefore, it might be helpful to assess the CACS in GERD patients with multiple risk factors.</description><subject>Acids</subject><subject>Alcohol</subject><subject>Angina pectoris</subject><subject>Arteriosclerosis</subject><subject>Atherosclerosis</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>Calcification (ectopic)</subject><subject>Cardiovascular disease</subject><subject>Complications and side effects</subject><subject>Computed tomography</subject><subject>Coronary artery</subject><subject>Coronary artery disease</subject><subject>Coronary vessels</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Endoscopy</subject><subject>Esophagus</subject><subject>Evaluation</subject><subject>Family medical history</subject><subject>Gastroesophageal reflux</subject><subject>Heart diseases</subject><subject>Hypercholesterolemia</subject><subject>Hypertension</subject><subject>Ischemia</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Overweight</subject><subject>Pain</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Regurgitation</subject><subject>Risk analysis</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Signs and 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Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Song, Ji Hyun</au><au>Kim, Young Sun</au><au>Choi, Su-Yeon</au><au>Yang, Sun Young</au><au>Subramanian, Venkateswaran</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and coronary atherosclerosis</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2022-05-20</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>17</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>e0267053</spage><epage>e0267053</epage><pages>e0267053-e0267053</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) typically presents with symptoms of heartburn and acid regurgitation but occasionally manifests as atypical chest pain. Coronary artery disease (CAD) and GERD share some risk factors, such as smoking and obesity. The aims of this study were to evaluate the association between GERD and coronary atherosclerosis and to assess the risk factors for coronary atherosclerosis in GERD patients.
A total of 16616 subjects who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy from 2003 to 2017 and a cardiac computed tomography (CT) scan within one year were included in this study. Coronary atherosclerosis was evaluated by the coronary artery calcium score (CACS). The severity of GERD was evaluated based on endoscopic findings using the Los Angeles classification.
The proportion of high CACSs (≥100) increased significantly in subjects with severe GERD (p = 0.008). However, the presence of a high CACS did not increase the risk of GERD (OR = 1.007, 95% CI 0.857-1.182), nor did that of GERD increase the risk of a high CACS (OR = 1.018, 95% CI 0.865-1.198). The risk factors for a high CACS in GERD patients included age (OR = 1.087, 95% CI 1.066-1.109), male sex (OR = 5.645, 95% CI 2.561-12.446), hypertension (OR = 1.800, 95% CI 1.325-2.446), and hypercholesterolemia (OR = 1.684, 95% CI 1.213-2.338).
Although the presence of a high CACS did not increase the risk of GERD or vice versa, the proportion of high CACSs was significantly higher in subjects with severe GERD. Therefore, it might be helpful to assess the CACS in GERD patients with multiple risk factors.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>35594317</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0267053</doi><tpages>e0267053</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9459-9250</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Acids Alcohol Angina pectoris Arteriosclerosis Atherosclerosis Biology and Life Sciences Body mass index Calcification (ectopic) Cardiovascular disease Complications and side effects Computed tomography Coronary artery Coronary artery disease Coronary vessels Diabetes Endoscopy Esophagus Evaluation Family medical history Gastroesophageal reflux Heart diseases Hypercholesterolemia Hypertension Ischemia Medicine and Health Sciences Obesity Overweight Pain Patients Regurgitation Risk analysis Risk factors Signs and symptoms |
| title | Association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and coronary atherosclerosis |
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