No evidence of fetal defects or anti-syncytin-1 antibody induction following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination
The impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccination on pregnancy and fertility has become a major topic of public interest. We investigated 2 of the most widely propagated claims to determine (1) whether COVID-19 mRNA vaccination of mice during early pregnancy is associated with an in...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PLoS biology 2022-05, Vol.20 (5), p.e3001506 |
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| creator | Lu-Culligan, Alice Tabachnikova, Alexandra Pérez-Then, Eddy Tokuyama, Maria Lee, Hannah J Lucas, Carolina Silva Monteiro, Valter Miric, Marija Brache, Vivian Cochon, Leila Muenker, M Catherine Mohanty, Subhasis Huang, Jiefang Kang, Insoo Dela Cruz, Charles Farhadian, Shelli Campbell, Melissa Yildirim, Inci Shaw, Albert C Ma, Shuangge Vermund, Sten H Ko, Albert I Omer, Saad B Iwasaki, Akiko |
| description | The impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccination on pregnancy and fertility has become a major topic of public interest. We investigated 2 of the most widely propagated claims to determine (1) whether COVID-19 mRNA vaccination of mice during early pregnancy is associated with an increased incidence of birth defects or growth abnormalities; and (2) whether COVID-19 mRNA-vaccinated human volunteers exhibit elevated levels of antibodies to the human placental protein syncytin-1. Using a mouse model, we found that intramuscular COVID-19 mRNA vaccination during early pregnancy at gestational age E7.5 did not lead to differences in fetal size by crown-rump length or weight at term, nor did we observe any gross birth defects. In contrast, injection of the TLR3 agonist and double-stranded RNA mimic polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, or poly(I:C), impacted growth in utero leading to reduced fetal size. No overt maternal illness following either vaccination or poly(I:C) exposure was observed. We also found that term fetuses from these murine pregnancies vaccinated prior to the formation of the definitive placenta exhibit high circulating levels of anti-spike and anti-receptor-binding domain (anti-RBD) antibodies to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) consistent with maternal antibody status, indicating transplacental transfer in the later stages of pregnancy after early immunization. Finally, we did not detect increased levels of circulating anti-syncytin-1 antibodies in a cohort of COVID-19 vaccinated adults compared to unvaccinated adults by ELISA. Our findings contradict popular claims associating COVID-19 mRNA vaccination with infertility and adverse neonatal outcomes. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001506 |
| format | Article |
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We investigated 2 of the most widely propagated claims to determine (1) whether COVID-19 mRNA vaccination of mice during early pregnancy is associated with an increased incidence of birth defects or growth abnormalities; and (2) whether COVID-19 mRNA-vaccinated human volunteers exhibit elevated levels of antibodies to the human placental protein syncytin-1. Using a mouse model, we found that intramuscular COVID-19 mRNA vaccination during early pregnancy at gestational age E7.5 did not lead to differences in fetal size by crown-rump length or weight at term, nor did we observe any gross birth defects. In contrast, injection of the TLR3 agonist and double-stranded RNA mimic polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, or poly(I:C), impacted growth in utero leading to reduced fetal size. No overt maternal illness following either vaccination or poly(I:C) exposure was observed. We also found that term fetuses from these murine pregnancies vaccinated prior to the formation of the definitive placenta exhibit high circulating levels of anti-spike and anti-receptor-binding domain (anti-RBD) antibodies to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) consistent with maternal antibody status, indicating transplacental transfer in the later stages of pregnancy after early immunization. Finally, we did not detect increased levels of circulating anti-syncytin-1 antibodies in a cohort of COVID-19 vaccinated adults compared to unvaccinated adults by ELISA. Our findings contradict popular claims associating COVID-19 mRNA vaccination with infertility and adverse neonatal outcomes.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1545-7885</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1544-9173</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1545-7885</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001506</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35609110</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Abnormalities ; Adults ; Analysis ; Animals ; Antibodies ; Antibodies, Viral ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Birth defects ; Congenital defects ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 - prevention & control ; COVID-19 vaccines ; Double-stranded RNA ; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ; Female ; Fertility ; Fetus ; Fetuses ; Gene Products, env ; Gestational age ; Humans ; Immunization ; Infertility ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mice ; mRNA ; Neonates ; Placenta ; Placenta - metabolism ; Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Proteins ; Public concern ; Research and Analysis Methods ; RNA, Messenger - genetics ; RNA, Messenger - metabolism ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; Short Reports ; Syncytin ; TLR3 protein ; Toll-like receptors ; Vaccination ; Vaccines ; Viral antibodies ; Viral diseases ; Womens health</subject><ispartof>PLoS biology, 2022-05, Vol.20 (5), p.e3001506</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2022 Lu-Culligan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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We investigated 2 of the most widely propagated claims to determine (1) whether COVID-19 mRNA vaccination of mice during early pregnancy is associated with an increased incidence of birth defects or growth abnormalities; and (2) whether COVID-19 mRNA-vaccinated human volunteers exhibit elevated levels of antibodies to the human placental protein syncytin-1. Using a mouse model, we found that intramuscular COVID-19 mRNA vaccination during early pregnancy at gestational age E7.5 did not lead to differences in fetal size by crown-rump length or weight at term, nor did we observe any gross birth defects. In contrast, injection of the TLR3 agonist and double-stranded RNA mimic polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, or poly(I:C), impacted growth in utero leading to reduced fetal size. No overt maternal illness following either vaccination or poly(I:C) exposure was observed. We also found that term fetuses from these murine pregnancies vaccinated prior to the formation of the definitive placenta exhibit high circulating levels of anti-spike and anti-receptor-binding domain (anti-RBD) antibodies to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) consistent with maternal antibody status, indicating transplacental transfer in the later stages of pregnancy after early immunization. Finally, we did not detect increased levels of circulating anti-syncytin-1 antibodies in a cohort of COVID-19 vaccinated adults compared to unvaccinated adults by ELISA. Our findings contradict popular claims associating COVID-19 mRNA vaccination with infertility and adverse neonatal outcomes.</description><subject>Abnormalities</subject><subject>Adults</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antibodies</subject><subject>Antibodies, Viral</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Birth defects</subject><subject>Congenital defects</subject><subject>Coronaviruses</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>COVID-19 - prevention & control</subject><subject>COVID-19 vaccines</subject><subject>Double-stranded RNA</subject><subject>Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fertility</subject><subject>Fetus</subject><subject>Fetuses</subject><subject>Gene Products, env</subject><subject>Gestational age</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunization</subject><subject>Infertility</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>mRNA</subject><subject>Neonates</subject><subject>Placenta</subject><subject>Placenta - metabolism</subject><subject>Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Pregnancy Proteins</subject><subject>Public concern</subject><subject>Research and Analysis Methods</subject><subject>RNA, Messenger - genetics</subject><subject>RNA, Messenger - metabolism</subject><subject>SARS-CoV-2</subject><subject>Severe acute respiratory syndrome</subject><subject>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</subject><subject>Short Reports</subject><subject>Syncytin</subject><subject>TLR3 protein</subject><subject>Toll-like receptors</subject><subject>Vaccination</subject><subject>Vaccines</subject><subject>Viral antibodies</subject><subject>Viral diseases</subject><subject>Womens 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Biology</collection><jtitle>PLoS biology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lu-Culligan, Alice</au><au>Tabachnikova, Alexandra</au><au>Pérez-Then, Eddy</au><au>Tokuyama, Maria</au><au>Lee, Hannah J</au><au>Lucas, Carolina</au><au>Silva Monteiro, Valter</au><au>Miric, Marija</au><au>Brache, Vivian</au><au>Cochon, Leila</au><au>Muenker, M Catherine</au><au>Mohanty, Subhasis</au><au>Huang, Jiefang</au><au>Kang, Insoo</au><au>Dela Cruz, Charles</au><au>Farhadian, Shelli</au><au>Campbell, Melissa</au><au>Yildirim, Inci</au><au>Shaw, Albert C</au><au>Ma, Shuangge</au><au>Vermund, Sten H</au><au>Ko, Albert I</au><au>Omer, Saad B</au><au>Iwasaki, Akiko</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>No evidence of fetal defects or anti-syncytin-1 antibody induction following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination</atitle><jtitle>PLoS biology</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS Biol</addtitle><date>2022-05-24</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>20</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>e3001506</spage><pages>e3001506-</pages><issn>1545-7885</issn><issn>1544-9173</issn><eissn>1545-7885</eissn><abstract>The impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccination on pregnancy and fertility has become a major topic of public interest. We investigated 2 of the most widely propagated claims to determine (1) whether COVID-19 mRNA vaccination of mice during early pregnancy is associated with an increased incidence of birth defects or growth abnormalities; and (2) whether COVID-19 mRNA-vaccinated human volunteers exhibit elevated levels of antibodies to the human placental protein syncytin-1. Using a mouse model, we found that intramuscular COVID-19 mRNA vaccination during early pregnancy at gestational age E7.5 did not lead to differences in fetal size by crown-rump length or weight at term, nor did we observe any gross birth defects. In contrast, injection of the TLR3 agonist and double-stranded RNA mimic polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, or poly(I:C), impacted growth in utero leading to reduced fetal size. No overt maternal illness following either vaccination or poly(I:C) exposure was observed. We also found that term fetuses from these murine pregnancies vaccinated prior to the formation of the definitive placenta exhibit high circulating levels of anti-spike and anti-receptor-binding domain (anti-RBD) antibodies to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) consistent with maternal antibody status, indicating transplacental transfer in the later stages of pregnancy after early immunization. Finally, we did not detect increased levels of circulating anti-syncytin-1 antibodies in a cohort of COVID-19 vaccinated adults compared to unvaccinated adults by ELISA. Our findings contradict popular claims associating COVID-19 mRNA vaccination with infertility and adverse neonatal outcomes.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>35609110</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pbio.3001506</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7824-9856</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1545-7885 |
| ispartof | PLoS biology, 2022-05, Vol.20 (5), p.e3001506 |
| issn | 1545-7885 1544-9173 1545-7885 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2677631110 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| subjects | Abnormalities Adults Analysis Animals Antibodies Antibodies, Viral Biology and Life Sciences Birth defects Congenital defects Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 - prevention & control COVID-19 vaccines Double-stranded RNA Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Female Fertility Fetus Fetuses Gene Products, env Gestational age Humans Immunization Infertility Medicine and Health Sciences Mice mRNA Neonates Placenta Placenta - metabolism Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid Pregnancy Pregnancy Proteins Public concern Research and Analysis Methods RNA, Messenger - genetics RNA, Messenger - metabolism SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Short Reports Syncytin TLR3 protein Toll-like receptors Vaccination Vaccines Viral antibodies Viral diseases Womens health |
| title | No evidence of fetal defects or anti-syncytin-1 antibody induction following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination |
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