Morbidity associated with Schistosoma mansoni infection in north-eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo
Reducing morbidity is the main target of schistosomiasis control efforts, yet only rarely do control programmes assess morbidity linked to Schistosoma sp. infection. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), and particularly in north-eastern Ituri Province, little is known about morbidity associate...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2021-12, Vol.15 (12), p.e0009375-e0009375 |
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| creator | Nigo, Maurice M Odermatt, Peter Nigo, David Wully Salieb-Beugelaar, Georgette B Battegay, Manuel Hunziker, Patrick R |
| description | Reducing morbidity is the main target of schistosomiasis control efforts, yet only rarely do control programmes assess morbidity linked to Schistosoma sp. infection. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), and particularly in north-eastern Ituri Province, little is known about morbidity associated with Schistosoma mansoni infection. For this reason, we aimed to assess intestinal and hepatosplenic morbidity associated with S. mansoni infection in Ituri Province.
In 2017, we conducted a cross-sectional study in 13 villages in Ituri Province, DRC. S. mansoni infection was assessed with a Kato-Katz stool test (2 smears) and a point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) urine test. A questionnaire was used to obtain demographic data and information about experienced intestinal morbidity. Each participant underwent an abdominal ultrasonography examination to diagnose hepatosplenic morbidity. Of the 586 study participants, 76.6% tested positive for S. mansoni. Intestinal morbidity reported in the two preceding weeks was very frequent, and included abdominal pain (52.7%), diarrhoea (23.4%) and blood in the stool (21.5%). Hepatosplenic morbidity consisted of abnormal liver parenchyma patterns (42.8%), hepatomegaly (26.5%) and splenomegaly (25.3%). Liver pathology (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06-1.37, p = 0.005) was positively and significantly associated with S. mansoni infection. Hepatomegaly (aOR 1.52, 95% CI 0.99-2.32, p = 0.053) and splenomegaly (aOR 1.12, 95% CI 0.73-1.72, p = 0.619) were positively but not significantly associated with S. mansoni infection at the individual level. At the village level, S. mansoni prevalence was positively associated with the prevalence of hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. High-intensity S. mansoni infections were associated with diarrhoea, blood in the stool, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and liver parenchyma (C, D, E and F pathology patterns). Four study participants were diagnosed with ascites and five reported hematemesis.
Our study documents a high burden of intestinal and hepatosplenic morbidity associated with S. mansoni infection status in Ituri Province. The findings call for targeted interventions to address both S. mansoni infection and related morbidity. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009375 |
| format | Article |
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In 2017, we conducted a cross-sectional study in 13 villages in Ituri Province, DRC. S. mansoni infection was assessed with a Kato-Katz stool test (2 smears) and a point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) urine test. A questionnaire was used to obtain demographic data and information about experienced intestinal morbidity. Each participant underwent an abdominal ultrasonography examination to diagnose hepatosplenic morbidity. Of the 586 study participants, 76.6% tested positive for S. mansoni. Intestinal morbidity reported in the two preceding weeks was very frequent, and included abdominal pain (52.7%), diarrhoea (23.4%) and blood in the stool (21.5%). Hepatosplenic morbidity consisted of abnormal liver parenchyma patterns (42.8%), hepatomegaly (26.5%) and splenomegaly (25.3%). Liver pathology (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06-1.37, p = 0.005) was positively and significantly associated with S. mansoni infection. Hepatomegaly (aOR 1.52, 95% CI 0.99-2.32, p = 0.053) and splenomegaly (aOR 1.12, 95% CI 0.73-1.72, p = 0.619) were positively but not significantly associated with S. mansoni infection at the individual level. At the village level, S. mansoni prevalence was positively associated with the prevalence of hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. High-intensity S. mansoni infections were associated with diarrhoea, blood in the stool, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and liver parenchyma (C, D, E and F pathology patterns). Four study participants were diagnosed with ascites and five reported hematemesis.
Our study documents a high burden of intestinal and hepatosplenic morbidity associated with S. mansoni infection status in Ituri Province. The findings call for targeted interventions to address both S. mansoni infection and related morbidity.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1935-2735</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1935-2727</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1935-2735</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009375</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34855763</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Abdomen ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Anthelmintics - therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Helminth - blood ; Antigens ; Ascites ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Blood ; Child ; Complications and side effects ; Confidence intervals ; Creeks & streams ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Democratic Republic of the Congo - epidemiology ; Diarrhea ; Digestive system diseases ; Female ; Guardians ; Hematemesis ; Households ; Humans ; Infections ; Informed consent ; Intestine ; Liver ; Male ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Middle Aged ; Morbidity ; Mortality ; Pain ; Parenchyma ; Pathology ; Population ; Prevalence ; Programmes ; Questionnaires ; Risk factors ; Rural Population - statistics & numerical data ; Schistosoma mansoni ; Schistosoma mansoni - immunology ; Schistosoma mansoni - pathogenicity ; Schistosomiasis ; Schistosomiasis mansoni - complications ; Schistosomiasis mansoni - drug therapy ; Schistosomiasis mansoni - epidemiology ; Schistosomiasis mansoni - immunology ; Splenomegaly ; Splenomegaly - epidemiology ; Statistics ; Tropical diseases ; Villages ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2021-12, Vol.15 (12), p.e0009375-e0009375</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2021 Nigo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2021 Nigo et al 2021 Nigo et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c624t-5986f66eb2b1559dcdc3aeb05f619922663567804dbdd9f82dead124c2fa70ba3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c624t-5986f66eb2b1559dcdc3aeb05f619922663567804dbdd9f82dead124c2fa70ba3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0687-5604 ; 0000-0002-9219-5778 ; 0000-0002-6638-3679 ; 0000-0003-1880-5117</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8638987/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8638987/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,724,777,781,861,882,2096,2915,23847,27905,27906,53772,53774,79349,79350</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34855763$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Garba, Amadou</contributor><creatorcontrib>Nigo, Maurice M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Odermatt, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nigo, David Wully</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salieb-Beugelaar, Georgette B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Battegay, Manuel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hunziker, Patrick R</creatorcontrib><title>Morbidity associated with Schistosoma mansoni infection in north-eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo</title><title>PLoS neglected tropical diseases</title><addtitle>PLoS Negl Trop Dis</addtitle><description>Reducing morbidity is the main target of schistosomiasis control efforts, yet only rarely do control programmes assess morbidity linked to Schistosoma sp. infection. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), and particularly in north-eastern Ituri Province, little is known about morbidity associated with Schistosoma mansoni infection. For this reason, we aimed to assess intestinal and hepatosplenic morbidity associated with S. mansoni infection in Ituri Province.
In 2017, we conducted a cross-sectional study in 13 villages in Ituri Province, DRC. S. mansoni infection was assessed with a Kato-Katz stool test (2 smears) and a point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) urine test. A questionnaire was used to obtain demographic data and information about experienced intestinal morbidity. Each participant underwent an abdominal ultrasonography examination to diagnose hepatosplenic morbidity. Of the 586 study participants, 76.6% tested positive for S. mansoni. Intestinal morbidity reported in the two preceding weeks was very frequent, and included abdominal pain (52.7%), diarrhoea (23.4%) and blood in the stool (21.5%). Hepatosplenic morbidity consisted of abnormal liver parenchyma patterns (42.8%), hepatomegaly (26.5%) and splenomegaly (25.3%). Liver pathology (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06-1.37, p = 0.005) was positively and significantly associated with S. mansoni infection. Hepatomegaly (aOR 1.52, 95% CI 0.99-2.32, p = 0.053) and splenomegaly (aOR 1.12, 95% CI 0.73-1.72, p = 0.619) were positively but not significantly associated with S. mansoni infection at the individual level. At the village level, S. mansoni prevalence was positively associated with the prevalence of hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. High-intensity S. mansoni infections were associated with diarrhoea, blood in the stool, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and liver parenchyma (C, D, E and F pathology patterns). Four study participants were diagnosed with ascites and five reported hematemesis.
Our study documents a high burden of intestinal and hepatosplenic morbidity associated with S. mansoni infection status in Ituri Province. The findings call for targeted interventions to address both S. mansoni infection and related morbidity.</description><subject>Abdomen</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anthelmintics - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Antibodies, Helminth - blood</subject><subject>Antigens</subject><subject>Ascites</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Blood</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Complications and side effects</subject><subject>Confidence intervals</subject><subject>Creeks & streams</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Democratic Republic of the Congo - epidemiology</subject><subject>Diarrhea</subject><subject>Digestive system diseases</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Guardians</subject><subject>Hematemesis</subject><subject>Households</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Informed consent</subject><subject>Intestine</subject><subject>Liver</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Morbidity</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Pain</subject><subject>Parenchyma</subject><subject>Pathology</subject><subject>Population</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Programmes</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Rural Population - 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therapeutic use</topic><topic>Antibodies, Helminth - blood</topic><topic>Antigens</topic><topic>Ascites</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Blood</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Complications and side effects</topic><topic>Confidence intervals</topic><topic>Creeks & streams</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Democratic Republic of the Congo - epidemiology</topic><topic>Diarrhea</topic><topic>Digestive system diseases</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Guardians</topic><topic>Hematemesis</topic><topic>Households</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Informed consent</topic><topic>Intestine</topic><topic>Liver</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Morbidity</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Pain</topic><topic>Parenchyma</topic><topic>Pathology</topic><topic>Population</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Programmes</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>Rural Population - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Schistosoma mansoni</topic><topic>Schistosoma mansoni - immunology</topic><topic>Schistosoma mansoni - pathogenicity</topic><topic>Schistosomiasis</topic><topic>Schistosomiasis mansoni - complications</topic><topic>Schistosomiasis mansoni - drug therapy</topic><topic>Schistosomiasis mansoni - epidemiology</topic><topic>Schistosomiasis mansoni - immunology</topic><topic>Splenomegaly</topic><topic>Splenomegaly - epidemiology</topic><topic>Statistics</topic><topic>Tropical diseases</topic><topic>Villages</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Nigo, Maurice M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Odermatt, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nigo, David Wully</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salieb-Beugelaar, Georgette B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Battegay, Manuel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hunziker, Patrick R</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PLoS neglected tropical diseases</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Nigo, Maurice M</au><au>Odermatt, Peter</au><au>Nigo, David Wully</au><au>Salieb-Beugelaar, Georgette B</au><au>Battegay, Manuel</au><au>Hunziker, Patrick R</au><au>Garba, Amadou</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Morbidity associated with Schistosoma mansoni infection in north-eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo</atitle><jtitle>PLoS neglected tropical diseases</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS Negl Trop Dis</addtitle><date>2021-12-02</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>e0009375</spage><epage>e0009375</epage><pages>e0009375-e0009375</pages><issn>1935-2735</issn><issn>1935-2727</issn><eissn>1935-2735</eissn><abstract>Reducing morbidity is the main target of schistosomiasis control efforts, yet only rarely do control programmes assess morbidity linked to Schistosoma sp. infection. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), and particularly in north-eastern Ituri Province, little is known about morbidity associated with Schistosoma mansoni infection. For this reason, we aimed to assess intestinal and hepatosplenic morbidity associated with S. mansoni infection in Ituri Province.
In 2017, we conducted a cross-sectional study in 13 villages in Ituri Province, DRC. S. mansoni infection was assessed with a Kato-Katz stool test (2 smears) and a point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) urine test. A questionnaire was used to obtain demographic data and information about experienced intestinal morbidity. Each participant underwent an abdominal ultrasonography examination to diagnose hepatosplenic morbidity. Of the 586 study participants, 76.6% tested positive for S. mansoni. Intestinal morbidity reported in the two preceding weeks was very frequent, and included abdominal pain (52.7%), diarrhoea (23.4%) and blood in the stool (21.5%). Hepatosplenic morbidity consisted of abnormal liver parenchyma patterns (42.8%), hepatomegaly (26.5%) and splenomegaly (25.3%). Liver pathology (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06-1.37, p = 0.005) was positively and significantly associated with S. mansoni infection. Hepatomegaly (aOR 1.52, 95% CI 0.99-2.32, p = 0.053) and splenomegaly (aOR 1.12, 95% CI 0.73-1.72, p = 0.619) were positively but not significantly associated with S. mansoni infection at the individual level. At the village level, S. mansoni prevalence was positively associated with the prevalence of hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. High-intensity S. mansoni infections were associated with diarrhoea, blood in the stool, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and liver parenchyma (C, D, E and F pathology patterns). Four study participants were diagnosed with ascites and five reported hematemesis.
Our study documents a high burden of intestinal and hepatosplenic morbidity associated with S. mansoni infection status in Ituri Province. The findings call for targeted interventions to address both S. mansoni infection and related morbidity.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>34855763</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pntd.0009375</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0687-5604</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9219-5778</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6638-3679</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1880-5117</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1935-2735 |
| ispartof | PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2021-12, Vol.15 (12), p.e0009375-e0009375 |
| issn | 1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2620113016 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central Open Access; Public Library of Science (PLoS); PubMed Central |
| subjects | Abdomen Adolescent Adult Animals Anthelmintics - therapeutic use Antibodies, Helminth - blood Antigens Ascites Biology and Life Sciences Blood Child Complications and side effects Confidence intervals Creeks & streams Cross-Sectional Studies Democratic Republic of the Congo - epidemiology Diarrhea Digestive system diseases Female Guardians Hematemesis Households Humans Infections Informed consent Intestine Liver Male Medicine and Health Sciences Middle Aged Morbidity Mortality Pain Parenchyma Pathology Population Prevalence Programmes Questionnaires Risk factors Rural Population - statistics & numerical data Schistosoma mansoni Schistosoma mansoni - immunology Schistosoma mansoni - pathogenicity Schistosomiasis Schistosomiasis mansoni - complications Schistosomiasis mansoni - drug therapy Schistosomiasis mansoni - epidemiology Schistosomiasis mansoni - immunology Splenomegaly Splenomegaly - epidemiology Statistics Tropical diseases Villages Young Adult |
| title | Morbidity associated with Schistosoma mansoni infection in north-eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-18T13%3A47%3A22IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Morbidity%20associated%20with%20Schistosoma%20mansoni%20infection%20in%20north-eastern%20Democratic%20Republic%20of%20the%20Congo&rft.jtitle=PLoS%20neglected%20tropical%20diseases&rft.au=Nigo,%20Maurice%20M&rft.date=2021-12-02&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=e0009375&rft.epage=e0009375&rft.pages=e0009375-e0009375&rft.issn=1935-2735&rft.eissn=1935-2735&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009375&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA688939339%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2620113016&rft_id=info:pmid/34855763&rft_galeid=A688939339&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_37a2db01ea294d5e8ba2bc27b7b5fbc7&rfr_iscdi=true |