Loneliness among people with severe mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results from a linked UK population cohort study
Population surveys underrepresent people with severe mental ill health. This paper aims to use multiple regression analyses to explore perceived social support, loneliness and factor associations from self-report survey data collected during the Covid-19 pandemic in a sample of individuals with seve...
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description | Population surveys underrepresent people with severe mental ill health. This paper aims to use multiple regression analyses to explore perceived social support, loneliness and factor associations from self-report survey data collected during the Covid-19 pandemic in a sample of individuals with severe mental ill health.
We sampled an already existing cohort of people with severe mental ill health. Researchers contacted participants by phone or by post to invite them to take part in a survey about how the pandemic restrictions had impacted health, Covid-19 experiences, perceived social support, employment and loneliness. Loneliness was measured by the three item UCLA loneliness scale.
In the pandemic sub-cohort, 367 adults with a severe mental ill health diagnosis completed a remote survey. 29-34% of participants reported being lonely. Loneliness was associated with being younger in age (adjusted OR = -.98, p = .02), living alone (adjusted OR = 2.04, p = .01), high levels of social and economic deprivation (adjusted OR = 2.49, p = .04), and lower perceived social support (B = -5.86, p < .001). Living alone was associated with lower perceived social support. Being lonely was associated with a self-reported deterioration in mental health during the pandemic (adjusted OR = 3.46, 95%CI 2.03-5.91).
Intervention strategies to tackle loneliness in the severe mental ill health population are needed. Further research is needed to follow-up the severe mental ill health population after pandemic restrictions are lifted to understand perceived social support and loneliness trends.
Loneliness was a substantial problem for the severe mental ill health population before the Covid-19 pandemic but there is limited evidence to understand perceived social support and loneliness trends during the pandemic. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0262363 |
format | Article |
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We sampled an already existing cohort of people with severe mental ill health. Researchers contacted participants by phone or by post to invite them to take part in a survey about how the pandemic restrictions had impacted health, Covid-19 experiences, perceived social support, employment and loneliness. Loneliness was measured by the three item UCLA loneliness scale.
In the pandemic sub-cohort, 367 adults with a severe mental ill health diagnosis completed a remote survey. 29-34% of participants reported being lonely. Loneliness was associated with being younger in age (adjusted OR = -.98, p = .02), living alone (adjusted OR = 2.04, p = .01), high levels of social and economic deprivation (adjusted OR = 2.49, p = .04), and lower perceived social support (B = -5.86, p < .001). Living alone was associated with lower perceived social support. Being lonely was associated with a self-reported deterioration in mental health during the pandemic (adjusted OR = 3.46, 95%CI 2.03-5.91).
Intervention strategies to tackle loneliness in the severe mental ill health population are needed. Further research is needed to follow-up the severe mental ill health population after pandemic restrictions are lifted to understand perceived social support and loneliness trends.
Loneliness was a substantial problem for the severe mental ill health population before the Covid-19 pandemic but there is limited evidence to understand perceived social support and loneliness trends during the pandemic.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262363</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35025915</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Bipolar disorder ; Care and treatment ; Cohort analysis ; Cohort Studies ; Computer and Information Sciences ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 - psychology ; Depression - psychology ; Depression - virology ; Deprivation ; Employment ; Female ; Home Environment ; Humans ; Loneliness ; Loneliness - psychology ; Male ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mental disorders ; Mental Disorders - psychology ; Mental Disorders - virology ; Mental Health ; Mental illness ; Middle Aged ; Multiple regression analysis ; Pandemics ; Pandemics - statistics & numerical data ; Polls & surveys ; Population studies ; Risk factors ; SARS-CoV-2 - pathogenicity ; Social interactions ; Social Isolation - psychology ; Social Sciences ; Social support ; Surveys ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Trends ; United Kingdom ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2022-01, Vol.17 (1), p.e0262363-e0262363</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2022 Heron et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2022 Heron et al 2022 Heron et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-8af3234875245eb979e76cb06eb97beccc05526f5bec8912f9a36a9d1c5283cc3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-8af3234875245eb979e76cb06eb97beccc05526f5bec8912f9a36a9d1c5283cc3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-8236-6983 ; 0000-0002-2732-8300 ; 0000-0003-4483-8932 ; 0000-0003-3529-5737</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8757957/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8757957/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,724,777,781,861,882,2096,2915,23847,27905,27906,53772,53774,79349,79350</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35025915$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Goli, Srinivas</contributor><creatorcontrib>Heron, Paul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spanakis, Panagiotis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Crosland, Suzanne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johnston, Gordon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Newbronner, Elizabeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wadman, Ruth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walker, Lauren</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gilbody, Simon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peckham, Emily</creatorcontrib><title>Loneliness among people with severe mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results from a linked UK population cohort study</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Population surveys underrepresent people with severe mental ill health. This paper aims to use multiple regression analyses to explore perceived social support, loneliness and factor associations from self-report survey data collected during the Covid-19 pandemic in a sample of individuals with severe mental ill health.
We sampled an already existing cohort of people with severe mental ill health. Researchers contacted participants by phone or by post to invite them to take part in a survey about how the pandemic restrictions had impacted health, Covid-19 experiences, perceived social support, employment and loneliness. Loneliness was measured by the three item UCLA loneliness scale.
In the pandemic sub-cohort, 367 adults with a severe mental ill health diagnosis completed a remote survey. 29-34% of participants reported being lonely. Loneliness was associated with being younger in age (adjusted OR = -.98, p = .02), living alone (adjusted OR = 2.04, p = .01), high levels of social and economic deprivation (adjusted OR = 2.49, p = .04), and lower perceived social support (B = -5.86, p < .001). Living alone was associated with lower perceived social support. Being lonely was associated with a self-reported deterioration in mental health during the pandemic (adjusted OR = 3.46, 95%CI 2.03-5.91).
Intervention strategies to tackle loneliness in the severe mental ill health population are needed. Further research is needed to follow-up the severe mental ill health population after pandemic restrictions are lifted to understand perceived social support and loneliness trends.
Loneliness was a substantial problem for the severe mental ill health population before the Covid-19 pandemic but there is limited evidence to understand perceived social support and loneliness trends during the pandemic.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Bipolar disorder</subject><subject>Care and treatment</subject><subject>Cohort analysis</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Computer and Information Sciences</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>COVID-19 - psychology</subject><subject>Depression - psychology</subject><subject>Depression - virology</subject><subject>Deprivation</subject><subject>Employment</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Home Environment</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Loneliness</subject><subject>Loneliness - psychology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Mental disorders</subject><subject>Mental Disorders - psychology</subject><subject>Mental Disorders - virology</subject><subject>Mental Health</subject><subject>Mental illness</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Multiple regression analysis</subject><subject>Pandemics</subject><subject>Pandemics - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Polls & surveys</subject><subject>Population studies</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>SARS-CoV-2 - pathogenicity</subject><subject>Social interactions</subject><subject>Social Isolation - psychology</subject><subject>Social Sciences</subject><subject>Social support</subject><subject>Surveys</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Trends</subject><subject>United Kingdom</subject><subject>Young 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among people with severe mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results from a linked UK population cohort study</title><author>Heron, Paul ; Spanakis, Panagiotis ; Crosland, Suzanne ; Johnston, Gordon ; Newbronner, Elizabeth ; Wadman, Ruth ; Walker, Lauren ; Gilbody, Simon ; Peckham, Emily</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-8af3234875245eb979e76cb06eb97beccc05526f5bec8912f9a36a9d1c5283cc3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Bipolar disorder</topic><topic>Care and treatment</topic><topic>Cohort analysis</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Computer and Information Sciences</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>COVID-19 - psychology</topic><topic>Depression - psychology</topic><topic>Depression - 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titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Heron, Paul</au><au>Spanakis, Panagiotis</au><au>Crosland, Suzanne</au><au>Johnston, Gordon</au><au>Newbronner, Elizabeth</au><au>Wadman, Ruth</au><au>Walker, Lauren</au><au>Gilbody, Simon</au><au>Peckham, Emily</au><au>Goli, Srinivas</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Loneliness among people with severe mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results from a linked UK population cohort study</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2022-01-13</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>17</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>e0262363</spage><epage>e0262363</epage><pages>e0262363-e0262363</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Population surveys underrepresent people with severe mental ill health. This paper aims to use multiple regression analyses to explore perceived social support, loneliness and factor associations from self-report survey data collected during the Covid-19 pandemic in a sample of individuals with severe mental ill health.
We sampled an already existing cohort of people with severe mental ill health. Researchers contacted participants by phone or by post to invite them to take part in a survey about how the pandemic restrictions had impacted health, Covid-19 experiences, perceived social support, employment and loneliness. Loneliness was measured by the three item UCLA loneliness scale.
In the pandemic sub-cohort, 367 adults with a severe mental ill health diagnosis completed a remote survey. 29-34% of participants reported being lonely. Loneliness was associated with being younger in age (adjusted OR = -.98, p = .02), living alone (adjusted OR = 2.04, p = .01), high levels of social and economic deprivation (adjusted OR = 2.49, p = .04), and lower perceived social support (B = -5.86, p < .001). Living alone was associated with lower perceived social support. Being lonely was associated with a self-reported deterioration in mental health during the pandemic (adjusted OR = 3.46, 95%CI 2.03-5.91).
Intervention strategies to tackle loneliness in the severe mental ill health population are needed. Further research is needed to follow-up the severe mental ill health population after pandemic restrictions are lifted to understand perceived social support and loneliness trends.
Loneliness was a substantial problem for the severe mental ill health population before the Covid-19 pandemic but there is limited evidence to understand perceived social support and loneliness trends during the pandemic.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>35025915</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0262363</doi><tpages>e0262363</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8236-6983</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2732-8300</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4483-8932</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3529-5737</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2619535817 |
source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS); PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
subjects | Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Biology and Life Sciences Bipolar disorder Care and treatment Cohort analysis Cohort Studies Computer and Information Sciences COVID-19 COVID-19 - psychology Depression - psychology Depression - virology Deprivation Employment Female Home Environment Humans Loneliness Loneliness - psychology Male Medicine and Health Sciences Mental disorders Mental Disorders - psychology Mental Disorders - virology Mental Health Mental illness Middle Aged Multiple regression analysis Pandemics Pandemics - statistics & numerical data Polls & surveys Population studies Risk factors SARS-CoV-2 - pathogenicity Social interactions Social Isolation - psychology Social Sciences Social support Surveys Surveys and Questionnaires Trends United Kingdom Young Adult |
title | Loneliness among people with severe mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results from a linked UK population cohort study |
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