Exogenous putrescine attenuates the negative impact of drought stress by modulating physio-biochemical traits and gene expression in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)
Drought tolerance is a complex trait controlled by many metabolic pathways and genes and identifying a solution to increase the resilience of plants to drought stress is one of the grand challenges in plant biology. This study provided compelling evidence of increased drought stress tolerance in two...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2022-01, Vol.17 (1), p.e0262099 |
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| creator | Islam, Md Jahirul Uddin, Md Jalal Hossain, Mohammad Anwar Henry, Robert Begum, Mst Kohinoor Sohel, Md Abu Taher Mou, Masuma Akter Ahn, Juhee Cheong, Eun Ju Lim, Young-Seok |
| description | Drought tolerance is a complex trait controlled by many metabolic pathways and genes and identifying a solution to increase the resilience of plants to drought stress is one of the grand challenges in plant biology. This study provided compelling evidence of increased drought stress tolerance in two sugar beet genotypes when treated with exogenous putrescine (Put) at the seedling stage. Morpho-physiological and biochemical traits and gene expression were assessed in thirty-day-old sugar beet seedlings subjected to drought stress with or without Put (0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 mM) application. Sugar beet plants exposed to drought stress exhibited a significant decline in growth and development as evidenced by root and shoot growth characteristics, photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzyme activities, and gene expression. Drought stress resulted in a sharp increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (89.4 and 118% in SBT-010 and BSRI Sugar beet 2, respectively) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (35.6 and 27.1% in SBT-010 and BSRI Sugar beet 2, respectively). These changes were strongly linked to growth retardation as evidenced by principal component analysis (PCA) and heatmap clustering. Importantly, Put-sprayed plants suffered from less oxidative stress as indicated by lower H2O2 and MDA accumulation. They better regulated the physiological processes supporting growth, dry matter accumulation, photosynthetic pigmentation and gas exchange, relative water content; modulated biochemical changes including proline, total soluble carbohydrate, total soluble sugar, and ascorbic acid; and enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes and gene expression. PCA results strongly suggested that Put conferred drought tolerance mostly by enhancing antioxidant enzymes activities that regulated homeostasis of reactive oxygen species. These findings collectively provide an important illustration of the use of Put in modulating drought tolerance in sugar beet plants. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0262099 |
| format | Article |
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This study provided compelling evidence of increased drought stress tolerance in two sugar beet genotypes when treated with exogenous putrescine (Put) at the seedling stage. Morpho-physiological and biochemical traits and gene expression were assessed in thirty-day-old sugar beet seedlings subjected to drought stress with or without Put (0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 mM) application. Sugar beet plants exposed to drought stress exhibited a significant decline in growth and development as evidenced by root and shoot growth characteristics, photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzyme activities, and gene expression. Drought stress resulted in a sharp increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (89.4 and 118% in SBT-010 and BSRI Sugar beet 2, respectively) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (35.6 and 27.1% in SBT-010 and BSRI Sugar beet 2, respectively). These changes were strongly linked to growth retardation as evidenced by principal component analysis (PCA) and heatmap clustering. Importantly, Put-sprayed plants suffered from less oxidative stress as indicated by lower H2O2 and MDA accumulation. They better regulated the physiological processes supporting growth, dry matter accumulation, photosynthetic pigmentation and gas exchange, relative water content; modulated biochemical changes including proline, total soluble carbohydrate, total soluble sugar, and ascorbic acid; and enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes and gene expression. PCA results strongly suggested that Put conferred drought tolerance mostly by enhancing antioxidant enzymes activities that regulated homeostasis of reactive oxygen species. These findings collectively provide an important illustration of the use of Put in modulating drought tolerance in sugar beet plants.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262099</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34995297</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Accumulation ; Agricultural production ; Analysis ; Antioxidants ; Antioxidants - pharmacology ; Ascorbic acid ; Beta vulgaris ; Beta vulgaris - drug effects ; Beta vulgaris - genetics ; Beta vulgaris - metabolism ; Biochemistry ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Carbohydrates ; Clustering ; Drought ; Drought resistance ; Droughts ; Dry matter ; Ecology and Environmental Sciences ; Environmental impact ; Enzymatic activity ; Enzymes ; Gas exchange ; Gene expression ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - drug effects ; Genotypes ; Growth rate ; Homeostasis ; Hydrogen ; Hydrogen peroxide ; Influence ; Malondialdehyde ; Metabolic pathways ; Moisture content ; Oxidative Stress ; Oxygen ; Photosynthesis ; Photosynthetic pigments ; Physical Sciences ; Physiology ; Pigmentation ; Pigments ; Plant growth ; Plant physiology ; Plant Proteins - genetics ; Plant Proteins - metabolism ; Plant Shoots - drug effects ; Plant Shoots - genetics ; Plant Shoots - metabolism ; Principal components analysis ; Proline ; Putrescine ; Putrescine - pharmacology ; Reactive oxygen species ; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism ; Seedlings ; Seeds ; South Korea ; Stress, Physiological ; Sugar ; Sugar beets ; Water content</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2022-01, Vol.17 (1), p.e0262099</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2022 Islam et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess</rights><rights>2022 Islam et al 2022 Islam et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c716t-3cd723488d567a89834cd16bd2b6d793caea75f96c09aaa55f6d92f9de42612a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c716t-3cd723488d567a89834cd16bd2b6d793caea75f96c09aaa55f6d92f9de42612a3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-9415-012X ; 0000-0002-4060-0292 ; 0000-0003-3950-3599 ; 0000-0002-3349-7741 ; 0000-0001-9341-009X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8741020/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8741020/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,26544,27901,27902,53766,53768,79343,79344</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34995297$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Islam, Md Jahirul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uddin, Md Jalal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hossain, Mohammad Anwar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Henry, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Begum, Mst Kohinoor</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sohel, Md Abu Taher</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mou, Masuma Akter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahn, Juhee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cheong, Eun Ju</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, Young-Seok</creatorcontrib><title>Exogenous putrescine attenuates the negative impact of drought stress by modulating physio-biochemical traits and gene expression in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Drought tolerance is a complex trait controlled by many metabolic pathways and genes and identifying a solution to increase the resilience of plants to drought stress is one of the grand challenges in plant biology. This study provided compelling evidence of increased drought stress tolerance in two sugar beet genotypes when treated with exogenous putrescine (Put) at the seedling stage. Morpho-physiological and biochemical traits and gene expression were assessed in thirty-day-old sugar beet seedlings subjected to drought stress with or without Put (0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 mM) application. Sugar beet plants exposed to drought stress exhibited a significant decline in growth and development as evidenced by root and shoot growth characteristics, photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzyme activities, and gene expression. Drought stress resulted in a sharp increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (89.4 and 118% in SBT-010 and BSRI Sugar beet 2, respectively) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (35.6 and 27.1% in SBT-010 and BSRI Sugar beet 2, respectively). These changes were strongly linked to growth retardation as evidenced by principal component analysis (PCA) and heatmap clustering. Importantly, Put-sprayed plants suffered from less oxidative stress as indicated by lower H2O2 and MDA accumulation. They better regulated the physiological processes supporting growth, dry matter accumulation, photosynthetic pigmentation and gas exchange, relative water content; modulated biochemical changes including proline, total soluble carbohydrate, total soluble sugar, and ascorbic acid; and enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes and gene expression. PCA results strongly suggested that Put conferred drought tolerance mostly by enhancing antioxidant enzymes activities that regulated homeostasis of reactive oxygen species. These findings collectively provide an important illustration of the use of Put in modulating drought tolerance in sugar beet plants.</description><subject>Accumulation</subject><subject>Agricultural production</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Antioxidants</subject><subject>Antioxidants - pharmacology</subject><subject>Ascorbic acid</subject><subject>Beta vulgaris</subject><subject>Beta vulgaris - drug effects</subject><subject>Beta vulgaris - genetics</subject><subject>Beta vulgaris - metabolism</subject><subject>Biochemistry</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Carbohydrates</subject><subject>Clustering</subject><subject>Drought</subject><subject>Drought resistance</subject><subject>Droughts</subject><subject>Dry matter</subject><subject>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</subject><subject>Environmental impact</subject><subject>Enzymatic activity</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Gas exchange</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - drug effects</subject><subject>Genotypes</subject><subject>Growth rate</subject><subject>Homeostasis</subject><subject>Hydrogen</subject><subject>Hydrogen peroxide</subject><subject>Influence</subject><subject>Malondialdehyde</subject><subject>Metabolic pathways</subject><subject>Moisture content</subject><subject>Oxidative Stress</subject><subject>Oxygen</subject><subject>Photosynthesis</subject><subject>Photosynthetic pigments</subject><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Pigmentation</subject><subject>Pigments</subject><subject>Plant growth</subject><subject>Plant physiology</subject><subject>Plant Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Plant Proteins - metabolism</subject><subject>Plant Shoots - drug effects</subject><subject>Plant Shoots - genetics</subject><subject>Plant Shoots - metabolism</subject><subject>Principal components analysis</subject><subject>Proline</subject><subject>Putrescine</subject><subject>Putrescine - pharmacology</subject><subject>Reactive oxygen species</subject><subject>Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism</subject><subject>Seedlings</subject><subject>Seeds</subject><subject>South Korea</subject><subject>Stress, Physiological</subject><subject>Sugar</subject><subject>Sugar beets</subject><subject>Water content</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>3HK</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk91q3DAQhU1padJt36C0gkJpLnYrWbJs3RTSkLaBQKB_t2JWHtsKXsm15LB5nT5ptYkTstBC8YXt0XdmRkeaLHvJ6Irxkr2_9NPooF8N3uGK5jKnSj3KDpni-TL98McPvg-yZyFcUlrwSsqn2QEXShW5Kg-z36db36LzUyDDFEcMxjokECO6CSIGEjskDluI9gqJ3QxgIvENqUc_tV0kYacJZH1NNr6e-oS5lgzddbB-ubbedLixBnoSR7AxEHA1SeWQ4HbYCa13xDoSphZGskaM5N1HjECupj5FbCDnq6Pn2ZMG-oAv5vci-_Hp9PvJl-X5xeezk-PzpSmZjEtu6jLnoqrqQpZQqYoLUzO5rvO1rEvFDSCURaOkoQoAiqKRtcobVaPIJcuBL7LXt3mH3gc92xt0WixLUVFZJeLslqg9XOphtBsYr7UHq28Cfmw1jNGaHjVXtDDCYNkgFawoKiWgMjJt0TAh0pEssg9ztWm9wdqgSxb1e0n3V5ztdOuvdFUKRm8SzO2a5FOyXTs_gmaU8jL1zAuRiDdzidH_mjDEf2xqplpIfVvX-FTObGww-lhWlZI5S74ustVfqPTUuwNOV7CxKb4nONoTJCbiNrYwhaDPvn39f_bi5z779gHbIfSxC76fYrpKYR8Ud_74EEZs7r1lVO8m6M4NvZsgPU9Qkr16eC73oruR4X8AfqQYcw</recordid><startdate>20220107</startdate><enddate>20220107</enddate><creator>Islam, Md Jahirul</creator><creator>Uddin, Md Jalal</creator><creator>Hossain, Mohammad Anwar</creator><creator>Henry, Robert</creator><creator>Begum, Mst Kohinoor</creator><creator>Sohel, Md Abu Taher</creator><creator>Mou, Masuma Akter</creator><creator>Ahn, Juhee</creator><creator>Cheong, Eun Ju</creator><creator>Lim, Young-Seok</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>3HK</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9415-012X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4060-0292</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3950-3599</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3349-7741</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9341-009X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220107</creationdate><title>Exogenous putrescine attenuates the negative impact of drought stress by modulating physio-biochemical traits and gene expression in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)</title><author>Islam, Md Jahirul ; Uddin, Md Jalal ; Hossain, Mohammad Anwar ; Henry, Robert ; Begum, Mst Kohinoor ; Sohel, Md Abu Taher ; Mou, Masuma Akter ; Ahn, Juhee ; Cheong, Eun Ju ; Lim, Young-Seok</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c716t-3cd723488d567a89834cd16bd2b6d793caea75f96c09aaa55f6d92f9de42612a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Accumulation</topic><topic>Agricultural production</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Antioxidants</topic><topic>Antioxidants - pharmacology</topic><topic>Ascorbic acid</topic><topic>Beta vulgaris</topic><topic>Beta vulgaris - drug effects</topic><topic>Beta vulgaris - genetics</topic><topic>Beta vulgaris - metabolism</topic><topic>Biochemistry</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Carbohydrates</topic><topic>Clustering</topic><topic>Drought</topic><topic>Drought resistance</topic><topic>Droughts</topic><topic>Dry matter</topic><topic>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</topic><topic>Environmental impact</topic><topic>Enzymatic activity</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>Gas exchange</topic><topic>Gene expression</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - drug effects</topic><topic>Genotypes</topic><topic>Growth rate</topic><topic>Homeostasis</topic><topic>Hydrogen</topic><topic>Hydrogen peroxide</topic><topic>Influence</topic><topic>Malondialdehyde</topic><topic>Metabolic pathways</topic><topic>Moisture content</topic><topic>Oxidative Stress</topic><topic>Oxygen</topic><topic>Photosynthesis</topic><topic>Photosynthetic pigments</topic><topic>Physical Sciences</topic><topic>Physiology</topic><topic>Pigmentation</topic><topic>Pigments</topic><topic>Plant growth</topic><topic>Plant physiology</topic><topic>Plant Proteins - 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Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Islam, Md Jahirul</au><au>Uddin, Md Jalal</au><au>Hossain, Mohammad Anwar</au><au>Henry, Robert</au><au>Begum, Mst Kohinoor</au><au>Sohel, Md Abu Taher</au><au>Mou, Masuma Akter</au><au>Ahn, Juhee</au><au>Cheong, Eun Ju</au><au>Lim, Young-Seok</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Exogenous putrescine attenuates the negative impact of drought stress by modulating physio-biochemical traits and gene expression in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2022-01-07</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>17</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>e0262099</spage><pages>e0262099-</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Drought tolerance is a complex trait controlled by many metabolic pathways and genes and identifying a solution to increase the resilience of plants to drought stress is one of the grand challenges in plant biology. This study provided compelling evidence of increased drought stress tolerance in two sugar beet genotypes when treated with exogenous putrescine (Put) at the seedling stage. Morpho-physiological and biochemical traits and gene expression were assessed in thirty-day-old sugar beet seedlings subjected to drought stress with or without Put (0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 mM) application. Sugar beet plants exposed to drought stress exhibited a significant decline in growth and development as evidenced by root and shoot growth characteristics, photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzyme activities, and gene expression. Drought stress resulted in a sharp increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (89.4 and 118% in SBT-010 and BSRI Sugar beet 2, respectively) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (35.6 and 27.1% in SBT-010 and BSRI Sugar beet 2, respectively). These changes were strongly linked to growth retardation as evidenced by principal component analysis (PCA) and heatmap clustering. Importantly, Put-sprayed plants suffered from less oxidative stress as indicated by lower H2O2 and MDA accumulation. They better regulated the physiological processes supporting growth, dry matter accumulation, photosynthetic pigmentation and gas exchange, relative water content; modulated biochemical changes including proline, total soluble carbohydrate, total soluble sugar, and ascorbic acid; and enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes and gene expression. PCA results strongly suggested that Put conferred drought tolerance mostly by enhancing antioxidant enzymes activities that regulated homeostasis of reactive oxygen species. These findings collectively provide an important illustration of the use of Put in modulating drought tolerance in sugar beet plants.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>34995297</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0262099</doi><tpages>e0262099</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9415-012X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4060-0292</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3950-3599</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3349-7741</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9341-009X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2022-01, Vol.17 (1), p.e0262099 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2617748068 |
| source | MEDLINE; NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| subjects | Accumulation Agricultural production Analysis Antioxidants Antioxidants - pharmacology Ascorbic acid Beta vulgaris Beta vulgaris - drug effects Beta vulgaris - genetics Beta vulgaris - metabolism Biochemistry Biology and Life Sciences Carbohydrates Clustering Drought Drought resistance Droughts Dry matter Ecology and Environmental Sciences Environmental impact Enzymatic activity Enzymes Gas exchange Gene expression Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - drug effects Genotypes Growth rate Homeostasis Hydrogen Hydrogen peroxide Influence Malondialdehyde Metabolic pathways Moisture content Oxidative Stress Oxygen Photosynthesis Photosynthetic pigments Physical Sciences Physiology Pigmentation Pigments Plant growth Plant physiology Plant Proteins - genetics Plant Proteins - metabolism Plant Shoots - drug effects Plant Shoots - genetics Plant Shoots - metabolism Principal components analysis Proline Putrescine Putrescine - pharmacology Reactive oxygen species Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism Seedlings Seeds South Korea Stress, Physiological Sugar Sugar beets Water content |
| title | Exogenous putrescine attenuates the negative impact of drought stress by modulating physio-biochemical traits and gene expression in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) |
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