We're all in this together: Focus on community attenuates effects of pandemic-related financial hardship on reactance to COVID-19 public health regulations
There has been resistance to COVID-19 public health restrictions partly due to changes and reductions in work, resulting in financial stress. Psychological reactance theory posits that such restrictions to personal freedoms result in anger, defiance, and motivation to restore freedom. In an online s...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2021-12, Vol.16 (12), p.e0260782-e0260782 |
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| creator | Knapp, Michael E Partington, Lindsey C Hodge, Ryan T Ugarte, Elisa Hastings, Paul D |
| description | There has been resistance to COVID-19 public health restrictions partly due to changes and reductions in work, resulting in financial stress. Psychological reactance theory posits that such restrictions to personal freedoms result in anger, defiance, and motivation to restore freedom. In an online study (N = 301), we manipulated the target of COVID-19 restrictions as impacting self or community. We hypothesized that (a) greater pandemic-related financial stress would predict greater reactance, (b) the self-focused restriction condition would elicit greater reactance than the community-focused restriction condition, (c) reactance would be greatest for financially-stressed individuals in the self-focused condition, and (d) greater reactance would predict lower adherence to social distancing guidelines. Independent of political orientation and sense of community, greater financial stress predicted greater reactance only in the self-focused condition; the community-focused condition attenuated this association. Additionally, greater reactance was associated with lower social distancing behavior. These findings suggest that economic hardship exacerbates negative responses to continued personal freedom loss. Community-focused COVID-19 health messaging may be better received during continued pandemic conditions. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0260782 |
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Psychological reactance theory posits that such restrictions to personal freedoms result in anger, defiance, and motivation to restore freedom. In an online study (N = 301), we manipulated the target of COVID-19 restrictions as impacting self or community. We hypothesized that (a) greater pandemic-related financial stress would predict greater reactance, (b) the self-focused restriction condition would elicit greater reactance than the community-focused restriction condition, (c) reactance would be greatest for financially-stressed individuals in the self-focused condition, and (d) greater reactance would predict lower adherence to social distancing guidelines. Independent of political orientation and sense of community, greater financial stress predicted greater reactance only in the self-focused condition; the community-focused condition attenuated this association. Additionally, greater reactance was associated with lower social distancing behavior. 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This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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Psychological reactance theory posits that such restrictions to personal freedoms result in anger, defiance, and motivation to restore freedom. In an online study (N = 301), we manipulated the target of COVID-19 restrictions as impacting self or community. We hypothesized that (a) greater pandemic-related financial stress would predict greater reactance, (b) the self-focused restriction condition would elicit greater reactance than the community-focused restriction condition, (c) reactance would be greatest for financially-stressed individuals in the self-focused condition, and (d) greater reactance would predict lower adherence to social distancing guidelines. Independent of political orientation and sense of community, greater financial stress predicted greater reactance only in the self-focused condition; the community-focused condition attenuated this association. Additionally, greater reactance was associated with lower social distancing behavior. These findings suggest that economic hardship exacerbates negative responses to continued personal freedom loss. Community-focused COVID-19 health messaging may be better received during continued pandemic conditions.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Anger</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Constrictions</subject><subject>Control</subject><subject>Cooperation</subject><subject>Coronaviruses</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>COVID-19 - economics</subject><subject>COVID-19 - psychology</subject><subject>Disease control</subject><subject>Disease transmission</subject><subject>Economic aspects</subject><subject>Epidemics</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Financial management</subject><subject>Financial Stress - economics</subject><subject>Freedom</subject><subject>Freedoms</subject><subject>Health behavior</subject><subject>Health Policy - economics</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Intention</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical supplies</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Motivation</subject><subject>Pandemics</subject><subject>Pandemics - 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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS); EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Adult Aged Anger Biology and Life Sciences Constrictions Control Cooperation Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 - economics COVID-19 - psychology Disease control Disease transmission Economic aspects Epidemics Female Financial management Financial Stress - economics Freedom Freedoms Health behavior Health Policy - economics Humans Intention Male Medical supplies Medicine and Health Sciences Methods Middle Aged Motivation Pandemics Pandemics - economics Physical Distancing Psychological Theory Psychology Public health Public Health - methods Public Health - trends Reactance Restrictions SARS-CoV-2 - pathogenicity Social behavior Social distancing Social Sciences Stress Surveys and Questionnaires |
| title | We're all in this together: Focus on community attenuates effects of pandemic-related financial hardship on reactance to COVID-19 public health regulations |
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