Past and future epidemic potential of chikungunya virus in Australia

Australia is theoretically at risk of epidemic chikungunya virus (CHIKV) activity as the principal vectors are present on the mainland Aedes aegypti) and some islands of the Torres Strait (Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus). Both vectors are highly invasive and adapted to urban environments with a capa...

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Veröffentlicht in:PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2021-11, Vol.15 (11), p.e0009963-e0009963
Hauptverfasser: White, Timothy, Mincham, Gina, Montgomery, Brian L, Jansen, Cassie C, Huang, Xiaodong, Williams, Craig R, Flower, Robert L P, Faddy, Helen M, Frentiu, Francesca D, Viennet, Elvina
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container_issue 11
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container_title PLoS neglected tropical diseases
container_volume 15
creator White, Timothy
Mincham, Gina
Montgomery, Brian L
Jansen, Cassie C
Huang, Xiaodong
Williams, Craig R
Flower, Robert L P
Faddy, Helen M
Frentiu, Francesca D
Viennet, Elvina
description Australia is theoretically at risk of epidemic chikungunya virus (CHIKV) activity as the principal vectors are present on the mainland Aedes aegypti) and some islands of the Torres Strait (Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus). Both vectors are highly invasive and adapted to urban environments with a capacity to expand their distributions into south-east Queensland and other states in Australia. We sought to estimate the epidemic potential of CHIKV, which is not currently endemic in Australia, by considering exclusively transmission by the established vector in Australia, Ae. aegypti, due to the historical relevance and anthropophilic nature of the vector. We estimated the historical (1995-2019) epidemic potential of CHIKV in eleven Australian locations, including the Torres Strait, using a basic reproduction number equation. We found that the main urban centres of Northern Australia could sustain an epidemic of CHIKV. We then estimated future trends in epidemic potential for the main centres for the years 2020 to 2029. We also conducted uncertainty and sensitivity analyses on the variables comprising the basic reproduction number and found high sensitivity to mosquito population size, human population size, impact of vector control and human infectious period. By estimating the epidemic potential for CHIKV transmission on mainland Australia and the Torres Strait, we identified key areas of focus for controlling vector populations and reducing human exposure. As the epidemic potential of the virus is estimated to rise towards 2029, a greater focus on control and prevention measures should be implemented in at-risk locations.
doi_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009963
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subjects Aedes - physiology
Aedes - virology
Aedes aegypti
Aedes albopictus
Animals
Aquatic insects
Australia - epidemiology
Bayes Theorem
Biology and life sciences
Censuses
Chikungunya fever
Chikungunya Fever - epidemiology
Chikungunya Fever - transmission
Chikungunya Fever - virology
Chikungunya virus
Chikungunya virus - genetics
Chikungunya virus - physiology
Dengue fever
Disease transmission
Distribution
Earth Sciences
Epidemics
Female
Forecasts and trends
Genotype & phenotype
Health surveillance
Human populations
Humans
Male
Medicine and Health Sciences
Mortality
Mosquito Vectors - physiology
Mosquito Vectors - virology
Mosquitoes
People and Places
Population density
Population number
Public health
Reproduction
Risk factors
Sensitivity analysis
Simulation
Temperature
Transmission
Tropical diseases
Urban environments
Vector-borne diseases
Vectors
Viruses
title Past and future epidemic potential of chikungunya virus in Australia
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