Foot shape and radiographs of free-ranging Nubian giraffe in Uganda
Foot health in zoo giraffe has been a topic of recent research, although little is known about the foot health of free-ranging giraffe. This study describes the foot shape and radiographic pathological changes in 27 young adult Nubian giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardalis) from a translocat...
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| creator | Dadone, Liza Foxworth, Steve Aruho, Robert Schilz, Amy Joyet, Andrea Barrett, Myra Morkel, Peter Crooks, Garrett Fennessy, Julian Johnston, Matthew S |
| description | Foot health in zoo giraffe has been a topic of recent research, although little is known about the foot health of free-ranging giraffe. This study describes the foot shape and radiographic pathological changes in 27 young adult Nubian giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardalis) from a translocation in Uganda (August 2017). Giraffe feet were observed to have a concave sole, the hoof wall was longest by the toe tip, and the weight-bearing surface of the foot was primarily along the periphery of the foot including hoof wall, parts of the heel, and the edge of the sole. Radiographs showed that pedal osteitis and sesamoid bone cysts were relatively uncommon (3/24 giraffe with osteitis, 1/24 giraffe with sesamoid cysts), and that no giraffe in the study had P3 joint osteoarthritis, P3 rotation, or P3 fractures. Radiographs consistently demonstrated a positive palmar/plantar angle with the sole of the hoof thicker at the heel than by the toe tip, with the non weight-bearing palmar/plantar angle measuring 1.6°- 4.3°. This is the first systematic review of foot shape and radiographs in free-ranging giraffe and demonstrates a low prevalence of foot pathologies. This study suggests qualitative differences in foot shape, foot health, radiographic anatomy, and foot pathologies when comparing free-ranging and zoo giraffe. Further research is needed to identify why these differences occur and whether husbandry modifications could help improve zoo giraffe foot health and prevent associated lameness. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0252929 |
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This study describes the foot shape and radiographic pathological changes in 27 young adult Nubian giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardalis) from a translocation in Uganda (August 2017). Giraffe feet were observed to have a concave sole, the hoof wall was longest by the toe tip, and the weight-bearing surface of the foot was primarily along the periphery of the foot including hoof wall, parts of the heel, and the edge of the sole. Radiographs showed that pedal osteitis and sesamoid bone cysts were relatively uncommon (3/24 giraffe with osteitis, 1/24 giraffe with sesamoid cysts), and that no giraffe in the study had P3 joint osteoarthritis, P3 rotation, or P3 fractures. Radiographs consistently demonstrated a positive palmar/plantar angle with the sole of the hoof thicker at the heel than by the toe tip, with the non weight-bearing palmar/plantar angle measuring 1.6°- 4.3°. This is the first systematic review of foot shape and radiographs in free-ranging giraffe and demonstrates a low prevalence of foot pathologies. This study suggests qualitative differences in foot shape, foot health, radiographic anatomy, and foot pathologies when comparing free-ranging and zoo giraffe. Further research is needed to identify why these differences occur and whether husbandry modifications could help improve zoo giraffe foot health and prevent associated lameness.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252929</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34914724</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Animal husbandry ; Animals ; Arthritis ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Biomedical materials ; Cysts ; Diagnosis ; Feet ; Females ; Foot diseases ; Fractures ; Fractures, Bone - diagnostic imaging ; Fractures, Bone - veterinary ; Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardalis ; Giraffes ; Health aspects ; Heels ; Hoof ; Hoof and Claw ; Hoofs ; Lower Extremity - diagnostic imaging ; Medical examination ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; National parks ; Osteitis ; Osteitis - diagnostic imaging ; Osteitis - veterinary ; Osteoarthritis ; People and Places ; Pharmaceuticals ; Physiological aspects ; Radiographs ; Radiography ; Risk factors ; Taxonomy ; Thyroid gland ; Translocation ; Uganda ; Veterinary colleges ; Veterinary medicine ; Wildlife conservation ; Wildlife diseases ; Young adults ; Zoo animals ; Zoos</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2021-12, Vol.16 (12), p.e0252929</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2021 Dadone et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2021 Dadone et al 2021 Dadone et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c641t-f075fb72c450862923196e2e58a03a2293cdd4e511ccaeac659fbdc27bf28a053</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-8330-1831</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8675736/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8675736/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793,79600,79601</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34914724$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Cameron, Elissa Z.</contributor><creatorcontrib>Dadone, Liza</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Foxworth, Steve</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aruho, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schilz, Amy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Joyet, Andrea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barrett, Myra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morkel, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Crooks, Garrett</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fennessy, Julian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johnston, Matthew S</creatorcontrib><title>Foot shape and radiographs of free-ranging Nubian giraffe in Uganda</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Foot health in zoo giraffe has been a topic of recent research, although little is known about the foot health of free-ranging giraffe. This study describes the foot shape and radiographic pathological changes in 27 young adult Nubian giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardalis) from a translocation in Uganda (August 2017). Giraffe feet were observed to have a concave sole, the hoof wall was longest by the toe tip, and the weight-bearing surface of the foot was primarily along the periphery of the foot including hoof wall, parts of the heel, and the edge of the sole. Radiographs showed that pedal osteitis and sesamoid bone cysts were relatively uncommon (3/24 giraffe with osteitis, 1/24 giraffe with sesamoid cysts), and that no giraffe in the study had P3 joint osteoarthritis, P3 rotation, or P3 fractures. Radiographs consistently demonstrated a positive palmar/plantar angle with the sole of the hoof thicker at the heel than by the toe tip, with the non weight-bearing palmar/plantar angle measuring 1.6°- 4.3°. This is the first systematic review of foot shape and radiographs in free-ranging giraffe and demonstrates a low prevalence of foot pathologies. This study suggests qualitative differences in foot shape, foot health, radiographic anatomy, and foot pathologies when comparing free-ranging and zoo giraffe. Further research is needed to identify why these differences occur and whether husbandry modifications could help improve zoo giraffe foot health and prevent associated lameness.</description><subject>Animal husbandry</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Arthritis</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedical materials</subject><subject>Cysts</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Feet</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Foot diseases</subject><subject>Fractures</subject><subject>Fractures, Bone - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Fractures, Bone - veterinary</subject><subject>Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardalis</subject><subject>Giraffes</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Heels</subject><subject>Hoof</subject><subject>Hoof and Claw</subject><subject>Hoofs</subject><subject>Lower Extremity - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Medical examination</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>National parks</subject><subject>Osteitis</subject><subject>Osteitis - 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This study describes the foot shape and radiographic pathological changes in 27 young adult Nubian giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardalis) from a translocation in Uganda (August 2017). Giraffe feet were observed to have a concave sole, the hoof wall was longest by the toe tip, and the weight-bearing surface of the foot was primarily along the periphery of the foot including hoof wall, parts of the heel, and the edge of the sole. Radiographs showed that pedal osteitis and sesamoid bone cysts were relatively uncommon (3/24 giraffe with osteitis, 1/24 giraffe with sesamoid cysts), and that no giraffe in the study had P3 joint osteoarthritis, P3 rotation, or P3 fractures. Radiographs consistently demonstrated a positive palmar/plantar angle with the sole of the hoof thicker at the heel than by the toe tip, with the non weight-bearing palmar/plantar angle measuring 1.6°- 4.3°. This is the first systematic review of foot shape and radiographs in free-ranging giraffe and demonstrates a low prevalence of foot pathologies. This study suggests qualitative differences in foot shape, foot health, radiographic anatomy, and foot pathologies when comparing free-ranging and zoo giraffe. Further research is needed to identify why these differences occur and whether husbandry modifications could help improve zoo giraffe foot health and prevent associated lameness.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>34914724</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0252929</doi><tpages>e0252929</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8330-1831</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animal husbandry Animals Arthritis Biology and Life Sciences Biomedical materials Cysts Diagnosis Feet Females Foot diseases Fractures Fractures, Bone - diagnostic imaging Fractures, Bone - veterinary Giraffa camelopardalis camelopardalis Giraffes Health aspects Heels Hoof Hoof and Claw Hoofs Lower Extremity - diagnostic imaging Medical examination Medicine and Health Sciences National parks Osteitis Osteitis - diagnostic imaging Osteitis - veterinary Osteoarthritis People and Places Pharmaceuticals Physiological aspects Radiographs Radiography Risk factors Taxonomy Thyroid gland Translocation Uganda Veterinary colleges Veterinary medicine Wildlife conservation Wildlife diseases Young adults Zoo animals Zoos |
| title | Foot shape and radiographs of free-ranging Nubian giraffe in Uganda |
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