An investigation of the relationship between cyberbullying, cybervictimization and depression symptoms: A cross sectional study among university students in Qatar
Cyberbullying is a modern form of bullying that could be practiced electronically or on the internet. It is related to different mental health issues such as depression, which can affect both the cyberbully and the victim. Although a few studies have been conducted regarding the prevalence of cyberb...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2021-12, Vol.16 (12), p.e0260263-e0260263 |
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| creator | Alrajeh, Sara Mohamed Hassan, Huda Mohammed Al-Ahmed, Aisha Salim Alsayed Hassan, Diana |
| description | Cyberbullying is a modern form of bullying that could be practiced electronically or on the internet. It is related to different mental health issues such as depression, which can affect both the cyberbully and the victim. Although a few studies have been conducted regarding the prevalence of cyberbullying and cyber-victimization among the younger generation in Qatar, no studies have been conducted among young adults despite studies showing that they are also prone to cyberbullying.
This is a cross-sectional study to investigate the prevalence and the relationship between cyberbullying, cyber-victimization, and depression symptoms among Qatar University students. A self-administered close-ended electronic questionnaire was used to assess student's cyberbullying/cyber-victimization behaviors and depression symptoms. The Revised Cyberbullying Inventory scale (RCBI-II) and Patient Health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were utilized to measure involvement in cyberbullying and depression symptoms, respectively. A total of 836 students participated in the study. Pearson Chi-Square test and binary logistic regression were conducted to analyze the data.
Results indicated the majority of students have been involved in cyberbullying as follows: 6.8% cyberbullies, 29.2% cybervictims, 35.8% cyberbully-victims, and 28.2% not involved in either. Approximately 50% of the students scored a ten or higher on the PHQ9 test indicating symptoms of depression. Moreover, significant associations were found between cyberbullying experiences and gender (p = 0.03), depression and gender (p = 0.046), and between cyberbullying experiences and depression (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0260263 |
| format | Article |
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This is a cross-sectional study to investigate the prevalence and the relationship between cyberbullying, cyber-victimization, and depression symptoms among Qatar University students. A self-administered close-ended electronic questionnaire was used to assess student's cyberbullying/cyber-victimization behaviors and depression symptoms. The Revised Cyberbullying Inventory scale (RCBI-II) and Patient Health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were utilized to measure involvement in cyberbullying and depression symptoms, respectively. A total of 836 students participated in the study. Pearson Chi-Square test and binary logistic regression were conducted to analyze the data.
Results indicated the majority of students have been involved in cyberbullying as follows: 6.8% cyberbullies, 29.2% cybervictims, 35.8% cyberbully-victims, and 28.2% not involved in either. Approximately 50% of the students scored a ten or higher on the PHQ9 test indicating symptoms of depression. Moreover, significant associations were found between cyberbullying experiences and gender (p = 0.03), depression and gender (p = 0.046), and between cyberbullying experiences and depression (p<0.001).
Our findings indicate that among Qatar University students, cyberbullying and cyber-victimization are prevalent behaviors that could be associated with the high reported rates of depression symptoms.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260263</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34882754</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Age groups ; Behavior ; Bullying ; Chi-square test ; College students ; Colleges & universities ; Crime Victims - psychology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Cyberbullying ; Cyberbullying - psychology ; Cyberbullying - statistics & numerical data ; Depression - epidemiology ; Depression - etiology ; Depression - psychology ; Depression, Mental ; Female ; Gender ; Health risks ; Health sciences ; Humans ; Internet ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mental depression ; Mental disorders ; Mental health ; People and Places ; Physical Sciences ; Prevalence ; Psychological aspects ; Public health ; Qatar - epidemiology ; Questionnaires ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Risk factors ; Sex Characteristics ; Social Sciences ; Statistical tests ; Students ; Students - psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Teenagers ; Universities ; University students ; Victimization ; Young Adult ; Young adults</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2021-12, Vol.16 (12), p.e0260263-e0260263</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2021 Alrajeh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2021 Alrajeh et al 2021 Alrajeh et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-2f92717c826e8d1b85b54bcba8833b1482f11c4e60e6a635678819b136f006353</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-2f92717c826e8d1b85b54bcba8833b1482f11c4e60e6a635678819b136f006353</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3426-2191</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8659417/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8659417/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79343,79344</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34882754$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Alrajeh, Sara Mohamed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hassan, Huda Mohammed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al-Ahmed, Aisha Salim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alsayed Hassan, Diana</creatorcontrib><title>An investigation of the relationship between cyberbullying, cybervictimization and depression symptoms: A cross sectional study among university students in Qatar</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Cyberbullying is a modern form of bullying that could be practiced electronically or on the internet. It is related to different mental health issues such as depression, which can affect both the cyberbully and the victim. Although a few studies have been conducted regarding the prevalence of cyberbullying and cyber-victimization among the younger generation in Qatar, no studies have been conducted among young adults despite studies showing that they are also prone to cyberbullying.
This is a cross-sectional study to investigate the prevalence and the relationship between cyberbullying, cyber-victimization, and depression symptoms among Qatar University students. A self-administered close-ended electronic questionnaire was used to assess student's cyberbullying/cyber-victimization behaviors and depression symptoms. The Revised Cyberbullying Inventory scale (RCBI-II) and Patient Health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were utilized to measure involvement in cyberbullying and depression symptoms, respectively. A total of 836 students participated in the study. Pearson Chi-Square test and binary logistic regression were conducted to analyze the data.
Results indicated the majority of students have been involved in cyberbullying as follows: 6.8% cyberbullies, 29.2% cybervictims, 35.8% cyberbully-victims, and 28.2% not involved in either. Approximately 50% of the students scored a ten or higher on the PHQ9 test indicating symptoms of depression. Moreover, significant associations were found between cyberbullying experiences and gender (p = 0.03), depression and gender (p = 0.046), and between cyberbullying experiences and depression (p<0.001).
Our findings indicate that among Qatar University students, cyberbullying and cyber-victimization are prevalent behaviors that could be associated with the high reported rates of depression symptoms.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age groups</subject><subject>Behavior</subject><subject>Bullying</subject><subject>Chi-square test</subject><subject>College students</subject><subject>Colleges & universities</subject><subject>Crime Victims - psychology</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Cyberbullying</subject><subject>Cyberbullying - psychology</subject><subject>Cyberbullying - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Depression - epidemiology</subject><subject>Depression - etiology</subject><subject>Depression - psychology</subject><subject>Depression, Mental</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gender</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Health sciences</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Internet</subject><subject>Logistic Models</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Mental depression</subject><subject>Mental disorders</subject><subject>Mental health</subject><subject>People and Places</subject><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Psychological aspects</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Qatar - epidemiology</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Research and Analysis Methods</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Sex Characteristics</subject><subject>Social Sciences</subject><subject>Statistical tests</subject><subject>Students</subject><subject>Students - psychology</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Teenagers</subject><subject>Universities</subject><subject>University students</subject><subject>Victimization</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><subject>Young adults</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk22L1DAQx4so3nn6DUQDgii4a9Ok2dQXwnL4cHBw-Pg2JOm0myNN1iRdXT-On9Tswx23ci-khWbS338yM5kpise4nGIyw68v_RictNOldzAtK5Zfcqc4xg2pJqwqyd0b66PiQYyXZVkTztj94ohQzqtZTY-LP3OHjFtBTKaXyXiHfIfSAlAAu7XjwiyRgvQTwCG9VhDUaO3auP7VzlwZncxgfu_U0rWohWWAGDdmXA_L5If4Bs2RDj5GFEFvQGlRTGO7RnLwrkejMysI0aT1dhtcijks9EkmGR4W9zppIzzaf0-Kb-_ffT39ODm_-HB2Oj-faNZUaVJ1TTXDM80rBrzFiteqpkoryTkhClNedRhrCqwEJhmp2Yxz3ChMWFeW2SYnxdOd36X1UezLG0WuLKeUNBxn4mxHtF5eimUwgwxr4aUR2w0feiFDMtqCyAJVSUrLVrW0rrXCDW0w5lDn2IA12dfb_WmjGqDVOeUg7YHTwz_OLETvV4KzuqF4lh282DsI_seYL1AMJmqwVjrw4y7umhDMN5k9-we9Pbs91cucgHGdz-fqjVMxZ5yVrGlqlqnpLVR-WhiMzr3Ymbx_IHh5IMhMgl-pl2OM4uzL5_9nL74fss9vsAuQNi2it-O2aQ9BugO3DRiguy4yLsVmlK6qITajJPajlGVPbl7QtehqdshfufQcgA</recordid><startdate>20211209</startdate><enddate>20211209</enddate><creator>Alrajeh, Sara Mohamed</creator><creator>Hassan, Huda Mohammed</creator><creator>Al-Ahmed, Aisha Salim</creator><creator>Alsayed Hassan, Diana</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3426-2191</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20211209</creationdate><title>An investigation of the relationship between cyberbullying, cybervictimization and depression symptoms: A cross sectional study among university students in Qatar</title><author>Alrajeh, Sara Mohamed ; Hassan, Huda Mohammed ; Al-Ahmed, Aisha Salim ; Alsayed Hassan, Diana</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-2f92717c826e8d1b85b54bcba8833b1482f11c4e60e6a635678819b136f006353</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age groups</topic><topic>Behavior</topic><topic>Bullying</topic><topic>Chi-square test</topic><topic>College students</topic><topic>Colleges & universities</topic><topic>Crime Victims - psychology</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Cyberbullying</topic><topic>Cyberbullying - psychology</topic><topic>Cyberbullying - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Depression - epidemiology</topic><topic>Depression - etiology</topic><topic>Depression - psychology</topic><topic>Depression, Mental</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gender</topic><topic>Health risks</topic><topic>Health sciences</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Internet</topic><topic>Logistic Models</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Mental depression</topic><topic>Mental disorders</topic><topic>Mental health</topic><topic>People and Places</topic><topic>Physical Sciences</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Psychological aspects</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Qatar - epidemiology</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Research and Analysis Methods</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>Sex Characteristics</topic><topic>Social Sciences</topic><topic>Statistical tests</topic><topic>Students</topic><topic>Students - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Alrajeh, Sara Mohamed</au><au>Hassan, Huda Mohammed</au><au>Al-Ahmed, Aisha Salim</au><au>Alsayed Hassan, Diana</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>An investigation of the relationship between cyberbullying, cybervictimization and depression symptoms: A cross sectional study among university students in Qatar</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2021-12-09</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>16</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>e0260263</spage><epage>e0260263</epage><pages>e0260263-e0260263</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Cyberbullying is a modern form of bullying that could be practiced electronically or on the internet. It is related to different mental health issues such as depression, which can affect both the cyberbully and the victim. Although a few studies have been conducted regarding the prevalence of cyberbullying and cyber-victimization among the younger generation in Qatar, no studies have been conducted among young adults despite studies showing that they are also prone to cyberbullying.
This is a cross-sectional study to investigate the prevalence and the relationship between cyberbullying, cyber-victimization, and depression symptoms among Qatar University students. A self-administered close-ended electronic questionnaire was used to assess student's cyberbullying/cyber-victimization behaviors and depression symptoms. The Revised Cyberbullying Inventory scale (RCBI-II) and Patient Health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were utilized to measure involvement in cyberbullying and depression symptoms, respectively. A total of 836 students participated in the study. Pearson Chi-Square test and binary logistic regression were conducted to analyze the data.
Results indicated the majority of students have been involved in cyberbullying as follows: 6.8% cyberbullies, 29.2% cybervictims, 35.8% cyberbully-victims, and 28.2% not involved in either. Approximately 50% of the students scored a ten or higher on the PHQ9 test indicating symptoms of depression. Moreover, significant associations were found between cyberbullying experiences and gender (p = 0.03), depression and gender (p = 0.046), and between cyberbullying experiences and depression (p<0.001).
Our findings indicate that among Qatar University students, cyberbullying and cyber-victimization are prevalent behaviors that could be associated with the high reported rates of depression symptoms.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>34882754</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0260263</doi><tpages>e0260263</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3426-2191</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Age groups Behavior Bullying Chi-square test College students Colleges & universities Crime Victims - psychology Cross-Sectional Studies Cyberbullying Cyberbullying - psychology Cyberbullying - statistics & numerical data Depression - epidemiology Depression - etiology Depression - psychology Depression, Mental Female Gender Health risks Health sciences Humans Internet Logistic Models Male Medicine and Health Sciences Mental depression Mental disorders Mental health People and Places Physical Sciences Prevalence Psychological aspects Public health Qatar - epidemiology Questionnaires Research and Analysis Methods Risk factors Sex Characteristics Social Sciences Statistical tests Students Students - psychology Surveys and Questionnaires Teenagers Universities University students Victimization Young Adult Young adults |
| title | An investigation of the relationship between cyberbullying, cybervictimization and depression symptoms: A cross sectional study among university students in Qatar |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-03T05%3A53%3A27IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=An%20investigation%20of%20the%20relationship%20between%20cyberbullying,%20cybervictimization%20and%20depression%20symptoms:%20A%20cross%20sectional%20study%20among%20university%20students%20in%20Qatar&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Alrajeh,%20Sara%20Mohamed&rft.date=2021-12-09&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=e0260263&rft.epage=e0260263&rft.pages=e0260263-e0260263&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0260263&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA686069956%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2608443981&rft_id=info:pmid/34882754&rft_galeid=A686069956&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_439b2a440dbd455cb1949118e58d1e69&rfr_iscdi=true |