Association of tear matrix metalloproteinase 9 immunoassay with signs and symptoms of dry eye disease: A cross-sectional study using qualitative, semiquantitative, and quantitative strategies
This study aimed to analyze the association of tear matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) immunoassay with the severity of dry eye (DE) signs and symptoms through qualitative, semiquantitative, and quantitative evaluations of immunoassay band. This cross-sectional study enrolled 320 eyes of 320 patient...
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| description | This study aimed to analyze the association of tear matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) immunoassay with the severity of dry eye (DE) signs and symptoms through qualitative, semiquantitative, and quantitative evaluations of immunoassay band. This cross-sectional study enrolled 320 eyes of 320 patients. The clinical signs of DE were assessed using the Ocular Surface Disorder Index (OSDI) score, visual analogue scale (VAS), tear breakup time (tBUT), tear volume evaluation by tear meniscometry, and staining scores of the cornea and conjunctiva by the Oxford grading scheme. The tear MMP-9 immunoassay results were interpreted using qualitative (positive or negative), semi-quantitative (reagent band density on a four-point scale: 0 = negative; 1 = weakly positive; 2 = moderately positive; 3 = strongly positive), and quantitative (ratio of reagent band density to control band density) indicators. Positive MMP-9 immunoassay results were significantly related to shorter tBUT, tBUT [less than or equal to]3 seconds, higher corneal staining score, corneal staining score [greater than or equal to]2, and conjunctival staining score [greater than or equal to]2. The semi-quantitative results of the MMP-9 immunoassay were positively correlated with higher corneal staining score (r = 0.122, p = 0.029) and negatively correlated with tBUT (r = -0.125, p = 0.025). However, in the quantitative analysis, none of the DE signs or symptoms were correlated to the band density of the MMP-9 immunoassay. The positive MMP-9 immunoassay results were related to the severity of ocular signs of DE. However, using quantitative measures of the MMP-9 immunoassay to assess the clinical severity of DE requires further investigation. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0258203 |
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This cross-sectional study enrolled 320 eyes of 320 patients. The clinical signs of DE were assessed using the Ocular Surface Disorder Index (OSDI) score, visual analogue scale (VAS), tear breakup time (tBUT), tear volume evaluation by tear meniscometry, and staining scores of the cornea and conjunctiva by the Oxford grading scheme. The tear MMP-9 immunoassay results were interpreted using qualitative (positive or negative), semi-quantitative (reagent band density on a four-point scale: 0 = negative; 1 = weakly positive; 2 = moderately positive; 3 = strongly positive), and quantitative (ratio of reagent band density to control band density) indicators. Positive MMP-9 immunoassay results were significantly related to shorter tBUT, tBUT [less than or equal to]3 seconds, higher corneal staining score, corneal staining score [greater than or equal to]2, and conjunctival staining score [greater than or equal to]2. The semi-quantitative results of the MMP-9 immunoassay were positively correlated with higher corneal staining score (r = 0.122, p = 0.029) and negatively correlated with tBUT (r = -0.125, p = 0.025). However, in the quantitative analysis, none of the DE signs or symptoms were correlated to the band density of the MMP-9 immunoassay. The positive MMP-9 immunoassay results were related to the severity of ocular signs of DE. However, using quantitative measures of the MMP-9 immunoassay to assess the clinical severity of DE requires further investigation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258203</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34662364</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>San Francisco: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Conjunctiva ; Cornea ; Cross-sectional studies ; Density ; Diagnosis ; Dry eye syndromes ; Eye ; Eye diseases ; Gelatinase B ; Genetic aspects ; Immunoassay ; Matrix metalloproteinase ; Matrix metalloproteinases ; Medicine ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Metalloproteinase ; Metalloproteins ; Ophthalmology ; Pain ; Patients ; Physical Sciences ; Qualitative analysis ; Quantitative analysis ; Questionnaires ; Reagents ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Signs and symptoms ; Staining ; Tearing</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2021-10, Vol.16 (10), p.e0258203-e0258203</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2021 Lee et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2021 Lee et al 2021 Lee et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c669t-baef95977e23bdcf7bf1e7fd2e6ddac72936812668f1136675a1d68ff6122b673</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c669t-baef95977e23bdcf7bf1e7fd2e6ddac72936812668f1136675a1d68ff6122b673</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-9731-1942</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8523049/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8523049/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793,79600,79601</link.rule.ids></links><search><contributor>Madigan, Michele</contributor><creatorcontrib>Lee, You Hyun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bang, Seung-Pil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shim, Kyu-Young</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Son, Myung-Jin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Harim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jun, Jong Hwa</creatorcontrib><title>Association of tear matrix metalloproteinase 9 immunoassay with signs and symptoms of dry eye disease: A cross-sectional study using qualitative, semiquantitative, and quantitative strategies</title><title>PloS one</title><description>This study aimed to analyze the association of tear matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) immunoassay with the severity of dry eye (DE) signs and symptoms through qualitative, semiquantitative, and quantitative evaluations of immunoassay band. This cross-sectional study enrolled 320 eyes of 320 patients. The clinical signs of DE were assessed using the Ocular Surface Disorder Index (OSDI) score, visual analogue scale (VAS), tear breakup time (tBUT), tear volume evaluation by tear meniscometry, and staining scores of the cornea and conjunctiva by the Oxford grading scheme. The tear MMP-9 immunoassay results were interpreted using qualitative (positive or negative), semi-quantitative (reagent band density on a four-point scale: 0 = negative; 1 = weakly positive; 2 = moderately positive; 3 = strongly positive), and quantitative (ratio of reagent band density to control band density) indicators. Positive MMP-9 immunoassay results were significantly related to shorter tBUT, tBUT [less than or equal to]3 seconds, higher corneal staining score, corneal staining score [greater than or equal to]2, and conjunctival staining score [greater than or equal to]2. The semi-quantitative results of the MMP-9 immunoassay were positively correlated with higher corneal staining score (r = 0.122, p = 0.029) and negatively correlated with tBUT (r = -0.125, p = 0.025). However, in the quantitative analysis, none of the DE signs or symptoms were correlated to the band density of the MMP-9 immunoassay. The positive MMP-9 immunoassay results were related to the severity of ocular signs of DE. However, using quantitative measures of the MMP-9 immunoassay to assess the clinical severity of DE requires further investigation.</description><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Conjunctiva</subject><subject>Cornea</subject><subject>Cross-sectional studies</subject><subject>Density</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Dry eye syndromes</subject><subject>Eye</subject><subject>Eye diseases</subject><subject>Gelatinase B</subject><subject>Genetic aspects</subject><subject>Immunoassay</subject><subject>Matrix metalloproteinase</subject><subject>Matrix metalloproteinases</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Metalloproteinase</subject><subject>Metalloproteins</subject><subject>Ophthalmology</subject><subject>Pain</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subject>Qualitative analysis</subject><subject>Quantitative 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one</jtitle><date>2021-10-18</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>16</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>e0258203</spage><epage>e0258203</epage><pages>e0258203-e0258203</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>This study aimed to analyze the association of tear matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) immunoassay with the severity of dry eye (DE) signs and symptoms through qualitative, semiquantitative, and quantitative evaluations of immunoassay band. This cross-sectional study enrolled 320 eyes of 320 patients. The clinical signs of DE were assessed using the Ocular Surface Disorder Index (OSDI) score, visual analogue scale (VAS), tear breakup time (tBUT), tear volume evaluation by tear meniscometry, and staining scores of the cornea and conjunctiva by the Oxford grading scheme. The tear MMP-9 immunoassay results were interpreted using qualitative (positive or negative), semi-quantitative (reagent band density on a four-point scale: 0 = negative; 1 = weakly positive; 2 = moderately positive; 3 = strongly positive), and quantitative (ratio of reagent band density to control band density) indicators. Positive MMP-9 immunoassay results were significantly related to shorter tBUT, tBUT [less than or equal to]3 seconds, higher corneal staining score, corneal staining score [greater than or equal to]2, and conjunctival staining score [greater than or equal to]2. The semi-quantitative results of the MMP-9 immunoassay were positively correlated with higher corneal staining score (r = 0.122, p = 0.029) and negatively correlated with tBUT (r = -0.125, p = 0.025). However, in the quantitative analysis, none of the DE signs or symptoms were correlated to the band density of the MMP-9 immunoassay. The positive MMP-9 immunoassay results were related to the severity of ocular signs of DE. However, using quantitative measures of the MMP-9 immunoassay to assess the clinical severity of DE requires further investigation.</abstract><cop>San Francisco</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>34662364</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0258203</doi><tpages>e0258203</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9731-1942</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Analysis Biology and Life Sciences Conjunctiva Cornea Cross-sectional studies Density Diagnosis Dry eye syndromes Eye Eye diseases Gelatinase B Genetic aspects Immunoassay Matrix metalloproteinase Matrix metalloproteinases Medicine Medicine and Health Sciences Metalloproteinase Metalloproteins Ophthalmology Pain Patients Physical Sciences Qualitative analysis Quantitative analysis Questionnaires Reagents Research and Analysis Methods Signs and symptoms Staining Tearing |
| title | Association of tear matrix metalloproteinase 9 immunoassay with signs and symptoms of dry eye disease: A cross-sectional study using qualitative, semiquantitative, and quantitative strategies |
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