Associations between women’s empowerment and child development, growth, and nurturing care practices in sub-Saharan Africa: A cross-sectional analysis of demographic and health survey data
Approximately 40% of children 3 to 4 years of age in low- and middle-income countries have suboptimal development and growth. Women's empowerment may help provide inputs of nurturing care for early development and growth by building caregiver capacity and family support. We examined the associa...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PLoS medicine 2021-09, Vol.18 (9), p.e1003781-e1003781 |
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| creator | Bliznashka, Lilia Udo, Ifeyinwa E Sudfeld, Christopher R Fawzi, Wafaie W Yousafzai, Aisha K |
| description | Approximately 40% of children 3 to 4 years of age in low- and middle-income countries have suboptimal development and growth. Women's empowerment may help provide inputs of nurturing care for early development and growth by building caregiver capacity and family support. We examined the associations between women's empowerment and child development, growth, early learning, and nutrition in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We pooled data on married women (15 to 49 years) and their children (36 to 59 months) from Demographic and Health Surveys that collected data on child development (2011 to 2018) in 9 SSA countries (N = 21,434): Benin, Burundi, Cameroon, Chad, Congo, Rwanda, Senegal, Togo, and Uganda. We constructed a women's empowerment score using factor analysis and assigned women to country-specific quintile categories. The child outcomes included cognitive, socioemotional, literacy-numeracy, and physical development (Early Childhood Development Index), linear growth (height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) and stunting (HAZ |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003781 |
| format | Article |
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Women's empowerment may help provide inputs of nurturing care for early development and growth by building caregiver capacity and family support. We examined the associations between women's empowerment and child development, growth, early learning, and nutrition in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We pooled data on married women (15 to 49 years) and their children (36 to 59 months) from Demographic and Health Surveys that collected data on child development (2011 to 2018) in 9 SSA countries (N = 21,434): Benin, Burundi, Cameroon, Chad, Congo, Rwanda, Senegal, Togo, and Uganda. We constructed a women's empowerment score using factor analysis and assigned women to country-specific quintile categories. The child outcomes included cognitive, socioemotional, literacy-numeracy, and physical development (Early Childhood Development Index), linear growth (height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) and stunting (HAZ <-2). Early learning outcomes were number of parental stimulation activities (range 0 to 6) and learning resources (range 0 to 4). The nutrition outcome was child dietary diversity score (DDS, range 0 to 7). We assessed the relationship between women's empowerment and child development, growth, early learning, and nutrition using multivariate generalized linear models. Women's empowerment was positively associated with early child cognitive development, child growth, early learning, and nutrition outcomes in SSA. Efforts to improve child development and growth should consider women's empowerment as a potential strategy.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1549-1676</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1549-1277</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1549-1676</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003781</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34529666</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>San Francisco: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Biology and Life Sciences ; Body height ; Child development ; Children ; Cognitive ability ; Cross-sectional studies ; Decision making ; Early childhood education ; Empowerment ; Factor analysis ; Gender equity ; Health aspects ; Learning ; Married women ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mother and child ; Nutrition ; People and Places ; Social aspects ; Social behavior ; Social Sciences ; Surveys ; Women's issues</subject><ispartof>PLoS medicine, 2021-09, Vol.18 (9), p.e1003781-e1003781</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2021 Bliznashka et al. 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Early learning outcomes were number of parental stimulation activities (range 0 to 6) and learning resources (range 0 to 4). The nutrition outcome was child dietary diversity score (DDS, range 0 to 7). We assessed the relationship between women's empowerment and child development, growth, early learning, and nutrition using multivariate generalized linear models. Women's empowerment was positively associated with early child cognitive development, child growth, early learning, and nutrition outcomes in SSA. 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Women's empowerment may help provide inputs of nurturing care for early development and growth by building caregiver capacity and family support. We examined the associations between women's empowerment and child development, growth, early learning, and nutrition in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We pooled data on married women (15 to 49 years) and their children (36 to 59 months) from Demographic and Health Surveys that collected data on child development (2011 to 2018) in 9 SSA countries (N = 21,434): Benin, Burundi, Cameroon, Chad, Congo, Rwanda, Senegal, Togo, and Uganda. We constructed a women's empowerment score using factor analysis and assigned women to country-specific quintile categories. The child outcomes included cognitive, socioemotional, literacy-numeracy, and physical development (Early Childhood Development Index), linear growth (height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) and stunting (HAZ <-2). Early learning outcomes were number of parental stimulation activities (range 0 to 6) and learning resources (range 0 to 4). The nutrition outcome was child dietary diversity score (DDS, range 0 to 7). We assessed the relationship between women's empowerment and child development, growth, early learning, and nutrition using multivariate generalized linear models. Women's empowerment was positively associated with early child cognitive development, child growth, early learning, and nutrition outcomes in SSA. Efforts to improve child development and growth should consider women's empowerment as a potential strategy.</abstract><cop>San Francisco</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>34529666</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pmed.1003781</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3203-3638</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2084-1141</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1592-8923</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Biology and Life Sciences Body height Child development Children Cognitive ability Cross-sectional studies Decision making Early childhood education Empowerment Factor analysis Gender equity Health aspects Learning Married women Medicine and Health Sciences Mother and child Nutrition People and Places Social aspects Social behavior Social Sciences Surveys Women's issues |
| title | Associations between women’s empowerment and child development, growth, and nurturing care practices in sub-Saharan Africa: A cross-sectional analysis of demographic and health survey data |
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