The influence of vermicomposting on photosynthetic activity and productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) crop under semi-arid climate
Food production and waste recycling are the two major issues faced globally with rapidly increasing population. Recycling organic wastes to crop amendments could be a possible solution to these issues. Earthworms transfer organic waste to compost, which is used to grow crops and increase crop produc...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2021-08, Vol.16 (8), p.e0256450-e0256450 |
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| creator | Younas, Muhammad Zou, Huasong Laraib, Tasmia Abbas, Waseem Akhtar, Muhammad Waqar Aslam, Muhammad Naveed Amrao, Luqman Hayat, Shoukat Abdul Hamid, Tariq Hameed, Akhtar Ayaz Kachelo, Ghalib Elseehy, Mona M El-Shehawi, Ahmed M Zuan, Ali Tan Kee Li, Yunzhou Arif, Muhammad |
| description | Food production and waste recycling are the two major issues faced globally with rapidly increasing population. Recycling organic wastes to crop amendments could be a possible solution to these issues. Earthworms transfer organic waste to compost, which is used to grow crops and increase crop productivity. This study assessed the impact of vermicompost produced from the residues of six desert plant species, i.e., (Ziziphus mauritiana, Aerva javanica, Calligonum comosum, Sacchrum benghalens, Calligonum polygonoides and Prosopis cineraria) combined with farmyard manure (5 t ha-1) on growth, yield and photosynthetic activity of maize crop. Earthworm species Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826) was used to prepare vermicomposting of all tested plant species. The desert species were collected from natural habitats, chopped, dried, mixed with FYM and then earthworms were released to prepare the vermicompost. The earthworms were excluded twenty days after release and resultant was considered as compost and used in the experiment. Results revealed that application of P. cineraria vermicompost resulted in the highest plant height (75.33 cm), stem diameter (22.66 mm), cob length (17.66 cm), number of grains/cob (374.67), 1000-grain weight (260.41 g) and grains yield (3.20 t/ha). Application of P. cineraria vermicompost resulted in the highest uptake of macronutrients, i.e., N (91.01%), P (22.07%), K (80.41%), micronutrients, i.e., Fe (19.07 ppm), Zn (40.05 ppm), and phenolic contents (150). Application of P. cineraria vermicompost also resulted in the highest quantum photosynthetic yield (0.42 mole C/mole of photon), chlorophyll florescence (355.18 moles of photon m-2s-1) and electron transport rate (310.18 micro mole m-2s-1). It is concluded that vermicomposting has the potential to improve growth and yield of maize crop. Particularly, application of vermicompost obtained from P. cineraria can be used to improve the growth and yield of maize crop. Nonetheless, field trials are necessary for a wide scale recommendation. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0256450 |
| format | Article |
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Recycling organic wastes to crop amendments could be a possible solution to these issues. Earthworms transfer organic waste to compost, which is used to grow crops and increase crop productivity. This study assessed the impact of vermicompost produced from the residues of six desert plant species, i.e., (Ziziphus mauritiana, Aerva javanica, Calligonum comosum, Sacchrum benghalens, Calligonum polygonoides and Prosopis cineraria) combined with farmyard manure (5 t ha-1) on growth, yield and photosynthetic activity of maize crop. Earthworm species Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826) was used to prepare vermicomposting of all tested plant species. The desert species were collected from natural habitats, chopped, dried, mixed with FYM and then earthworms were released to prepare the vermicompost. The earthworms were excluded twenty days after release and resultant was considered as compost and used in the experiment. Results revealed that application of P. cineraria vermicompost resulted in the highest plant height (75.33 cm), stem diameter (22.66 mm), cob length (17.66 cm), number of grains/cob (374.67), 1000-grain weight (260.41 g) and grains yield (3.20 t/ha). Application of P. cineraria vermicompost resulted in the highest uptake of macronutrients, i.e., N (91.01%), P (22.07%), K (80.41%), micronutrients, i.e., Fe (19.07 ppm), Zn (40.05 ppm), and phenolic contents (150). Application of P. cineraria vermicompost also resulted in the highest quantum photosynthetic yield (0.42 mole C/mole of photon), chlorophyll florescence (355.18 moles of photon m-2s-1) and electron transport rate (310.18 micro mole m-2s-1). It is concluded that vermicomposting has the potential to improve growth and yield of maize crop. Particularly, application of vermicompost obtained from P. cineraria can be used to improve the growth and yield of maize crop. Nonetheless, field trials are necessary for a wide scale recommendation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256450</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34432836</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Agricultural production ; Agricultural wastes ; Agriculture ; Animal manures ; Animals ; Arid climates ; Aridity ; Biodiversity ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Cereal crops ; Chlorophyll ; Chlorophyll - metabolism ; Climate ; Composting ; Composts ; Corn ; Crop production ; Crop yield ; Crop yields ; Crops ; Crops, Agricultural - growth & development ; Crops, Agricultural - physiology ; Desert Climate ; Desert plants ; Ecology and Environmental Sciences ; Electron transport ; Environmental aspects ; Experiments ; Fertilizers ; Fluorescence ; Food production ; Grain ; Growth ; Influence ; Livestock ; Management ; Manures ; Micronutrients ; Nutrients ; Oligochaeta ; Oligochaeta - physiology ; Organic farming ; Organic wastes ; Pesticides ; Phenolic compounds ; Phenols ; Photons ; Photosynthesis ; Photosystem II Protein Complex - metabolism ; Physical Sciences ; Plant pathology ; Plant species ; Population growth ; Productivity ; Recycling ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Semiarid climates ; Soil ; Soil sciences ; Transport rate ; Variance analysis ; Vermicomposting ; Worms ; Zea mays ; Zea mays - growth & development ; Zea mays - physiology</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2021-08, Vol.16 (8), p.e0256450-e0256450</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2021 Younas et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2021 Younas et al 2021 Younas et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c593t-1d905dcae9e7418b1bcc645ba34766df16e7a20e7ebc89d63bc285c29a5ebf813</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c593t-1d905dcae9e7418b1bcc645ba34766df16e7a20e7ebc89d63bc285c29a5ebf813</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-8631-4873 ; 0000-0003-4357-4904 ; 0000-0003-0473-4303</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8386841/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8386841/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79342,79343</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34432836$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Younas, Muhammad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zou, Huasong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Laraib, Tasmia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abbas, Waseem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Akhtar, Muhammad Waqar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aslam, Muhammad Naveed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Amrao, Luqman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hayat, Shoukat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdul Hamid, Tariq</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hameed, Akhtar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ayaz Kachelo, Ghalib</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elseehy, Mona M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>El-Shehawi, Ahmed M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zuan, Ali Tan Kee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Yunzhou</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arif, Muhammad</creatorcontrib><title>The influence of vermicomposting on photosynthetic activity and productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) crop under semi-arid climate</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Food production and waste recycling are the two major issues faced globally with rapidly increasing population. Recycling organic wastes to crop amendments could be a possible solution to these issues. Earthworms transfer organic waste to compost, which is used to grow crops and increase crop productivity. This study assessed the impact of vermicompost produced from the residues of six desert plant species, i.e., (Ziziphus mauritiana, Aerva javanica, Calligonum comosum, Sacchrum benghalens, Calligonum polygonoides and Prosopis cineraria) combined with farmyard manure (5 t ha-1) on growth, yield and photosynthetic activity of maize crop. Earthworm species Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826) was used to prepare vermicomposting of all tested plant species. The desert species were collected from natural habitats, chopped, dried, mixed with FYM and then earthworms were released to prepare the vermicompost. The earthworms were excluded twenty days after release and resultant was considered as compost and used in the experiment. Results revealed that application of P. cineraria vermicompost resulted in the highest plant height (75.33 cm), stem diameter (22.66 mm), cob length (17.66 cm), number of grains/cob (374.67), 1000-grain weight (260.41 g) and grains yield (3.20 t/ha). Application of P. cineraria vermicompost resulted in the highest uptake of macronutrients, i.e., N (91.01%), P (22.07%), K (80.41%), micronutrients, i.e., Fe (19.07 ppm), Zn (40.05 ppm), and phenolic contents (150). Application of P. cineraria vermicompost also resulted in the highest quantum photosynthetic yield (0.42 mole C/mole of photon), chlorophyll florescence (355.18 moles of photon m-2s-1) and electron transport rate (310.18 micro mole m-2s-1). It is concluded that vermicomposting has the potential to improve growth and yield of maize crop. Particularly, application of vermicompost obtained from P. cineraria can be used to improve the growth and yield of maize crop. Nonetheless, field trials are necessary for a wide scale recommendation.</description><subject>Agricultural production</subject><subject>Agricultural wastes</subject><subject>Agriculture</subject><subject>Animal manures</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Arid climates</subject><subject>Aridity</subject><subject>Biodiversity</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Cereal crops</subject><subject>Chlorophyll</subject><subject>Chlorophyll - metabolism</subject><subject>Climate</subject><subject>Composting</subject><subject>Composts</subject><subject>Corn</subject><subject>Crop production</subject><subject>Crop yield</subject><subject>Crop yields</subject><subject>Crops</subject><subject>Crops, Agricultural - growth & development</subject><subject>Crops, Agricultural - physiology</subject><subject>Desert Climate</subject><subject>Desert plants</subject><subject>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</subject><subject>Electron transport</subject><subject>Environmental aspects</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>Fertilizers</subject><subject>Fluorescence</subject><subject>Food production</subject><subject>Grain</subject><subject>Growth</subject><subject>Influence</subject><subject>Livestock</subject><subject>Management</subject><subject>Manures</subject><subject>Micronutrients</subject><subject>Nutrients</subject><subject>Oligochaeta</subject><subject>Oligochaeta - physiology</subject><subject>Organic farming</subject><subject>Organic wastes</subject><subject>Pesticides</subject><subject>Phenolic compounds</subject><subject>Phenols</subject><subject>Photons</subject><subject>Photosynthesis</subject><subject>Photosystem II Protein Complex - metabolism</subject><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subject>Plant pathology</subject><subject>Plant species</subject><subject>Population growth</subject><subject>Productivity</subject><subject>Recycling</subject><subject>Research and Analysis Methods</subject><subject>Semiarid climates</subject><subject>Soil</subject><subject>Soil sciences</subject><subject>Transport rate</subject><subject>Variance analysis</subject><subject>Vermicomposting</subject><subject>Worms</subject><subject>Zea mays</subject><subject>Zea mays - growth & development</subject><subject>Zea mays - 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Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Younas, Muhammad</au><au>Zou, Huasong</au><au>Laraib, Tasmia</au><au>Abbas, Waseem</au><au>Akhtar, Muhammad Waqar</au><au>Aslam, Muhammad Naveed</au><au>Amrao, Luqman</au><au>Hayat, Shoukat</au><au>Abdul Hamid, Tariq</au><au>Hameed, Akhtar</au><au>Ayaz Kachelo, Ghalib</au><au>Elseehy, Mona M</au><au>El-Shehawi, Ahmed M</au><au>Zuan, Ali Tan Kee</au><au>Li, Yunzhou</au><au>Arif, Muhammad</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The influence of vermicomposting on photosynthetic activity and productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) crop under semi-arid climate</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2021-08-25</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>16</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>e0256450</spage><epage>e0256450</epage><pages>e0256450-e0256450</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Food production and waste recycling are the two major issues faced globally with rapidly increasing population. Recycling organic wastes to crop amendments could be a possible solution to these issues. Earthworms transfer organic waste to compost, which is used to grow crops and increase crop productivity. This study assessed the impact of vermicompost produced from the residues of six desert plant species, i.e., (Ziziphus mauritiana, Aerva javanica, Calligonum comosum, Sacchrum benghalens, Calligonum polygonoides and Prosopis cineraria) combined with farmyard manure (5 t ha-1) on growth, yield and photosynthetic activity of maize crop. Earthworm species Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826) was used to prepare vermicomposting of all tested plant species. The desert species were collected from natural habitats, chopped, dried, mixed with FYM and then earthworms were released to prepare the vermicompost. The earthworms were excluded twenty days after release and resultant was considered as compost and used in the experiment. Results revealed that application of P. cineraria vermicompost resulted in the highest plant height (75.33 cm), stem diameter (22.66 mm), cob length (17.66 cm), number of grains/cob (374.67), 1000-grain weight (260.41 g) and grains yield (3.20 t/ha). Application of P. cineraria vermicompost resulted in the highest uptake of macronutrients, i.e., N (91.01%), P (22.07%), K (80.41%), micronutrients, i.e., Fe (19.07 ppm), Zn (40.05 ppm), and phenolic contents (150). Application of P. cineraria vermicompost also resulted in the highest quantum photosynthetic yield (0.42 mole C/mole of photon), chlorophyll florescence (355.18 moles of photon m-2s-1) and electron transport rate (310.18 micro mole m-2s-1). It is concluded that vermicomposting has the potential to improve growth and yield of maize crop. Particularly, application of vermicompost obtained from P. cineraria can be used to improve the growth and yield of maize crop. Nonetheless, field trials are necessary for a wide scale recommendation.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>34432836</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0256450</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8631-4873</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4357-4904</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0473-4303</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2021-08, Vol.16 (8), p.e0256450-e0256450 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2564474692 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| subjects | Agricultural production Agricultural wastes Agriculture Animal manures Animals Arid climates Aridity Biodiversity Biology and Life Sciences Cereal crops Chlorophyll Chlorophyll - metabolism Climate Composting Composts Corn Crop production Crop yield Crop yields Crops Crops, Agricultural - growth & development Crops, Agricultural - physiology Desert Climate Desert plants Ecology and Environmental Sciences Electron transport Environmental aspects Experiments Fertilizers Fluorescence Food production Grain Growth Influence Livestock Management Manures Micronutrients Nutrients Oligochaeta Oligochaeta - physiology Organic farming Organic wastes Pesticides Phenolic compounds Phenols Photons Photosynthesis Photosystem II Protein Complex - metabolism Physical Sciences Plant pathology Plant species Population growth Productivity Recycling Research and Analysis Methods Semiarid climates Soil Soil sciences Transport rate Variance analysis Vermicomposting Worms Zea mays Zea mays - growth & development Zea mays - physiology |
| title | The influence of vermicomposting on photosynthetic activity and productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) crop under semi-arid climate |
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