Sperm migration in the genital tract—In silico experiments identify key factors for reproductive success
Sperm migration in the female genital tract controls sperm selection and, therefore, reproductive success as male gametes are conditioned for fertilization while their number is dramatically reduced. Mechanisms underlying sperm migration are mostly unknown, since in vivo investigations are mostly un...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PLoS computational biology 2021-07, Vol.17 (7), p.e1009109-e1009109 |
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| creator | Diemer, Jorin Hahn, Jens Goldenbogen, Björn Müller, Karin Klipp, Edda |
| description | Sperm migration in the female genital tract controls sperm selection and, therefore, reproductive success as male gametes are conditioned for fertilization while their number is dramatically reduced. Mechanisms underlying sperm migration are mostly unknown, since in vivo investigations are mostly unfeasible for ethical or practical reasons. By presenting a spatio-temporal model of the mammalian female genital tract combined with agent-based description of sperm motion and interaction as well as parameterizing it with bovine data, we offer an alternative possibility for studying sperm migration in silico. The model incorporates genital tract geometry as well as biophysical principles of sperm motion observed in vitro such as positive rheotaxis and thigmotaxis. This model for sperm migration from vagina to oviducts was successfully tested against in vivo data from literature. We found that physical sperm characteristics such as velocity and directional stability as well as sperm-fluid interactions and wall alignment are critical for success, i.e. sperms reaching the oviducts. Therefore, we propose that these identified sperm parameters should be considered in detail for conditioning sperm in artificial selection procedures since the natural processes are normally bypassed in reproductive in vitro technologies. The tremendous impact of mucus flow to support sperm accumulation in the oviduct highlights the importance of a species-specific optimum time window for artificial insemination regarding ovulation. Predictions from our extendable in silico experimental system will improve assisted reproduction in humans, endangered species, and livestock. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009109 |
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Mechanisms underlying sperm migration are mostly unknown, since in vivo investigations are mostly unfeasible for ethical or practical reasons. By presenting a spatio-temporal model of the mammalian female genital tract combined with agent-based description of sperm motion and interaction as well as parameterizing it with bovine data, we offer an alternative possibility for studying sperm migration in silico. The model incorporates genital tract geometry as well as biophysical principles of sperm motion observed in vitro such as positive rheotaxis and thigmotaxis. This model for sperm migration from vagina to oviducts was successfully tested against in vivo data from literature. We found that physical sperm characteristics such as velocity and directional stability as well as sperm-fluid interactions and wall alignment are critical for success, i.e. sperms reaching the oviducts. Therefore, we propose that these identified sperm parameters should be considered in detail for conditioning sperm in artificial selection procedures since the natural processes are normally bypassed in reproductive in vitro technologies. The tremendous impact of mucus flow to support sperm accumulation in the oviduct highlights the importance of a species-specific optimum time window for artificial insemination regarding ovulation. 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This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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Mechanisms underlying sperm migration are mostly unknown, since in vivo investigations are mostly unfeasible for ethical or practical reasons. By presenting a spatio-temporal model of the mammalian female genital tract combined with agent-based description of sperm motion and interaction as well as parameterizing it with bovine data, we offer an alternative possibility for studying sperm migration in silico. The model incorporates genital tract geometry as well as biophysical principles of sperm motion observed in vitro such as positive rheotaxis and thigmotaxis. This model for sperm migration from vagina to oviducts was successfully tested against in vivo data from literature. We found that physical sperm characteristics such as velocity and directional stability as well as sperm-fluid interactions and wall alignment are critical for success, i.e. sperms reaching the oviducts. Therefore, we propose that these identified sperm parameters should be considered in detail for conditioning sperm in artificial selection procedures since the natural processes are normally bypassed in reproductive in vitro technologies. The tremendous impact of mucus flow to support sperm accumulation in the oviduct highlights the importance of a species-specific optimum time window for artificial insemination regarding ovulation. Predictions from our extendable in silico experimental system will improve assisted reproduction in humans, endangered species, and livestock.</description><subject>Animal reproduction</subject><subject>Artificial insemination</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Breeding success</subject><subject>Cell culture</subject><subject>Cell migration</subject><subject>Cervix</subject><subject>Computer and Information Sciences</subject><subject>Conditioning</subject><subject>Directional stability</subject><subject>Endangered & extinct species</subject><subject>Endangered species</subject><subject>Ethical standards</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Fertilization</subject><subject>Gametes</subject><subject>Genital tract</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Hypotheses</subject><subject>In vitro fertilization</subject><subject>In vivo methods and tests</subject><subject>Livestock</subject><subject>Medicine and Health 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biology</jtitle><date>2021-07-15</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>17</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>e1009109</spage><epage>e1009109</epage><pages>e1009109-e1009109</pages><issn>1553-7358</issn><issn>1553-734X</issn><eissn>1553-7358</eissn><abstract>Sperm migration in the female genital tract controls sperm selection and, therefore, reproductive success as male gametes are conditioned for fertilization while their number is dramatically reduced. Mechanisms underlying sperm migration are mostly unknown, since in vivo investigations are mostly unfeasible for ethical or practical reasons. By presenting a spatio-temporal model of the mammalian female genital tract combined with agent-based description of sperm motion and interaction as well as parameterizing it with bovine data, we offer an alternative possibility for studying sperm migration in silico. The model incorporates genital tract geometry as well as biophysical principles of sperm motion observed in vitro such as positive rheotaxis and thigmotaxis. This model for sperm migration from vagina to oviducts was successfully tested against in vivo data from literature. We found that physical sperm characteristics such as velocity and directional stability as well as sperm-fluid interactions and wall alignment are critical for success, i.e. sperms reaching the oviducts. Therefore, we propose that these identified sperm parameters should be considered in detail for conditioning sperm in artificial selection procedures since the natural processes are normally bypassed in reproductive in vitro technologies. The tremendous impact of mucus flow to support sperm accumulation in the oviduct highlights the importance of a species-specific optimum time window for artificial insemination regarding ovulation. 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| subjects | Animal reproduction Artificial insemination Biology and Life Sciences Breeding success Cell culture Cell migration Cervix Computer and Information Sciences Conditioning Directional stability Endangered & extinct species Endangered species Ethical standards Females Fertilization Gametes Genital tract Health aspects Hypotheses In vitro fertilization In vivo methods and tests Livestock Medicine and Health Sciences Mucus Normal distribution Oviduct Ovulation Parameter identification Physical Sciences Physiological aspects Propagation Reproduction Reproduction (biology) Reproductive organs Research and Analysis Methods Rheotaxis Sexual reproduction Simulation Sperm Spermatozoa Standard deviation Success Thigmotaxis Uterus Vagina Wildlife conservation Windows (intervals) |
| title | Sperm migration in the genital tract—In silico experiments identify key factors for reproductive success |
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