Domestic laundry and microfiber pollution: Exploring fiber shedding from consumer apparel textiles
Synthetic fibers are increasingly seen to dominate microplastic pollution profiles in aquatic environments, with evidence pointing to textiles as a potentially important source. However, the loss of microfibers from textiles during laundry is poorly understood. We evaluated microfiber release from a...
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| description | Synthetic fibers are increasingly seen to dominate microplastic pollution profiles in aquatic environments, with evidence pointing to textiles as a potentially important source. However, the loss of microfibers from textiles during laundry is poorly understood. We evaluated microfiber release from a variety of synthetic and natural consumer apparel textile samples (n = 37), with different material types, constructions, and treatments during five consecutive domestic laundry cycles. Microfiber loss ranged from 9.6 mg to 1,240 mg kg-1 of textile per wash, or an estimated 8,809 to > 6,877,000 microfibers. Mechanically-treated polyester samples, dominated by fleeces and jerseys, released six times more microfibers (161 ± 173 mg kg-1 per wash) than did nylon samples with woven construction and filamentous yarns (27 ± 14 mg kg-1 per wash). Fiber shedding was positively correlated with fabric thickness for nylon and polyester. Interestingly, cotton and wool textiles also shed large amounts of microfibers (165 ± 44 mg kg-1 per wash). The similarity between the average width of textile fibers here (12.4 ± 4.5 μm) and those found in ocean samples provides support for the notion that home laundry is an important source of microfiber pollution. Evaluation of two marketed laundry lint traps provided insight into intervention options for the home, with retention of up to 90% for polyester fibers and 46% for nylon fibers. Our observation of a > 850-fold difference in the number of microfibers lost between low and high shedding textiles illustrates the strong potential for intervention, including more sustainable clothing design. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0250346 |
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However, the loss of microfibers from textiles during laundry is poorly understood. We evaluated microfiber release from a variety of synthetic and natural consumer apparel textile samples (n = 37), with different material types, constructions, and treatments during five consecutive domestic laundry cycles. Microfiber loss ranged from 9.6 mg to 1,240 mg kg-1 of textile per wash, or an estimated 8,809 to > 6,877,000 microfibers. Mechanically-treated polyester samples, dominated by fleeces and jerseys, released six times more microfibers (161 ± 173 mg kg-1 per wash) than did nylon samples with woven construction and filamentous yarns (27 ± 14 mg kg-1 per wash). Fiber shedding was positively correlated with fabric thickness for nylon and polyester. Interestingly, cotton and wool textiles also shed large amounts of microfibers (165 ± 44 mg kg-1 per wash). The similarity between the average width of textile fibers here (12.4 ± 4.5 μm) and those found in ocean samples provides support for the notion that home laundry is an important source of microfiber pollution. Evaluation of two marketed laundry lint traps provided insight into intervention options for the home, with retention of up to 90% for polyester fibers and 46% for nylon fibers. Our observation of a > 850-fold difference in the number of microfibers lost between low and high shedding textiles illustrates the strong potential for intervention, including more sustainable clothing design.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250346</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34242234</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Aquatic environment ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Canada ; Causes of ; Climate change ; Clothing and dress ; Cotton ; Earth Sciences ; Ecology and Environmental Sciences ; Effluents ; Environmental aspects ; Environmental Monitoring - methods ; Fibers ; Health aspects ; Humans ; Laundering ; Laundry ; Microfibers ; Microplastics ; Microplastics - analysis ; Nylon ; Nylons - chemistry ; Physical Sciences ; Plankton ; Plastic debris ; Plastic pollution ; Pollution ; Polyester fibers ; Polyesters ; Polyesters - chemistry ; Shedding ; Sustainable fashion ; Synthetic fibers ; Textile design ; Textile fibers ; Textiles ; Washers & dryers ; Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis ; Water pollution ; Water treatment ; Wool ; Yarn ; Yarns</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2021-07, Vol.16 (7), p.e0250346</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2021 Vassilenko et al. 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The similarity between the average width of textile fibers here (12.4 ± 4.5 μm) and those found in ocean samples provides support for the notion that home laundry is an important source of microfiber pollution. Evaluation of two marketed laundry lint traps provided insight into intervention options for the home, with retention of up to 90% for polyester fibers and 46% for nylon fibers. 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However, the loss of microfibers from textiles during laundry is poorly understood. We evaluated microfiber release from a variety of synthetic and natural consumer apparel textile samples (n = 37), with different material types, constructions, and treatments during five consecutive domestic laundry cycles. Microfiber loss ranged from 9.6 mg to 1,240 mg kg-1 of textile per wash, or an estimated 8,809 to > 6,877,000 microfibers. Mechanically-treated polyester samples, dominated by fleeces and jerseys, released six times more microfibers (161 ± 173 mg kg-1 per wash) than did nylon samples with woven construction and filamentous yarns (27 ± 14 mg kg-1 per wash). Fiber shedding was positively correlated with fabric thickness for nylon and polyester. Interestingly, cotton and wool textiles also shed large amounts of microfibers (165 ± 44 mg kg-1 per wash). The similarity between the average width of textile fibers here (12.4 ± 4.5 μm) and those found in ocean samples provides support for the notion that home laundry is an important source of microfiber pollution. Evaluation of two marketed laundry lint traps provided insight into intervention options for the home, with retention of up to 90% for polyester fibers and 46% for nylon fibers. Our observation of a > 850-fold difference in the number of microfibers lost between low and high shedding textiles illustrates the strong potential for intervention, including more sustainable clothing design.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>34242234</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0250346</doi><tpages>e0250346</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4146-009X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS); PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Aquatic environment Biology and Life Sciences Canada Causes of Climate change Clothing and dress Cotton Earth Sciences Ecology and Environmental Sciences Effluents Environmental aspects Environmental Monitoring - methods Fibers Health aspects Humans Laundering Laundry Microfibers Microplastics Microplastics - analysis Nylon Nylons - chemistry Physical Sciences Plankton Plastic debris Plastic pollution Pollution Polyester fibers Polyesters Polyesters - chemistry Shedding Sustainable fashion Synthetic fibers Textile design Textile fibers Textiles Washers & dryers Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis Water pollution Water treatment Wool Yarn Yarns |
| title | Domestic laundry and microfiber pollution: Exploring fiber shedding from consumer apparel textiles |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-06T08%3A30%3A43IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Domestic%20laundry%20and%20microfiber%20pollution:%20Exploring%20fiber%20shedding%20from%20consumer%20apparel%20textiles&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Vassilenko,%20Ekaterina&rft.date=2021-07-09&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=e0250346&rft.pages=e0250346-&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0250346&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA667980280%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2549936706&rft_id=info:pmid/34242234&rft_galeid=A667980280&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_a843a32530cf48a191bc947fe02adf38&rfr_iscdi=true |