The mobility limitation in healthy older people is due to weakness and not slower muscle contractile properties
The maximal power generating capacity of a muscle declines with age and has a negative impact on the performance of daily life activities. As muscle power is the product of force and velocity, we recruited 20 young (10 men, 10 women: 20-31 years) and 20 older (10 men, 10 women: 65-86 years) people t...
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| creator | Degens, Hans Attias, Julia Evans, Daniel Wilkins, Frederick Hodson-Tole, Emma |
| description | The maximal power generating capacity of a muscle declines with age and has a negative impact on the performance of daily life activities. As muscle power is the product of force and velocity, we recruited 20 young (10 men, 10 women: 20-31 years) and 20 older (10 men, 10 women: 65-86 years) people to investigate which of these components contributes to the lower power and performance in old age. After determination of the maximal isometric knee extension torque (MVC), they performed a countermovement jump (CMJ) in 1) the normal situation (normal), 2) with an extra load of 15% body weight (loaded) and 3) 15% lower body weight (unloaded with a pulley system), and a timed up-and-go test (TUG) in the normal or loaded condition. The TUG and CMJ performance was lower in old than young participants (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0253531 |
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As muscle power is the product of force and velocity, we recruited 20 young (10 men, 10 women: 20-31 years) and 20 older (10 men, 10 women: 65-86 years) people to investigate which of these components contributes to the lower power and performance in old age. After determination of the maximal isometric knee extension torque (MVC), they performed a countermovement jump (CMJ) in 1) the normal situation (normal), 2) with an extra load of 15% body weight (loaded) and 3) 15% lower body weight (unloaded with a pulley system), and a timed up-and-go test (TUG) in the normal or loaded condition. The TUG and CMJ performance was lower in old than young participants (p<0.001). Below a critical CMJ peak power of ~23.7 W·kg.sup.-1 TUG showed a progressive decrease. The CMJ take-off velocity (V.sub.off) in the normal condition was lower in old than young participants (p<0.001). However, the V.sub.off vs. body weight/MVC relationship of the normal, loaded and unloaded data combined was similar in the old and young participants and fitted the Hill equation (R.sup.2 = 0.396). This indicates that 1) only when peak power drops below a critical threshold TUG becomes impaired and 2) there was no evidence for intrinsic slowing of the muscle contractile properties in older people, but rather the older people were working on a slower part of the force-velocity relationship due to weaker muscles.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253531</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34143856</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>San Francisco: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Age ; Aging ; Atrophy ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Body weight ; Consent ; Data analysis ; Demographic aspects ; Editing ; Engineering ; Evaluation ; Fibers ; Generating capacity ; Medicine ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Methodology ; Mobility ; Muscle contraction ; Muscle strength ; Muscles ; Older people ; People and Places ; Physical Sciences ; Research facilities ; Reviews ; Sports medicine ; Velocity ; Visualization ; Warm up (exercise)</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2021-06, Vol.16 (6), p.e0253531-e0253531</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2021 Degens et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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As muscle power is the product of force and velocity, we recruited 20 young (10 men, 10 women: 20-31 years) and 20 older (10 men, 10 women: 65-86 years) people to investigate which of these components contributes to the lower power and performance in old age. After determination of the maximal isometric knee extension torque (MVC), they performed a countermovement jump (CMJ) in 1) the normal situation (normal), 2) with an extra load of 15% body weight (loaded) and 3) 15% lower body weight (unloaded with a pulley system), and a timed up-and-go test (TUG) in the normal or loaded condition. The TUG and CMJ performance was lower in old than young participants (p<0.001). Below a critical CMJ peak power of ~23.7 W·kg.sup.-1 TUG showed a progressive decrease. The CMJ take-off velocity (V.sub.off) in the normal condition was lower in old than young participants (p<0.001). However, the V.sub.off vs. body weight/MVC relationship of the normal, loaded and unloaded data combined was similar in the old and young participants and fitted the Hill equation (R.sup.2 = 0.396). This indicates that 1) only when peak power drops below a critical threshold TUG becomes impaired and 2) there was no evidence for intrinsic slowing of the muscle contractile properties in older people, but rather the older people were working on a slower part of the force-velocity relationship due to weaker muscles.</description><subject>Age</subject><subject>Aging</subject><subject>Atrophy</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Body weight</subject><subject>Consent</subject><subject>Data analysis</subject><subject>Demographic aspects</subject><subject>Editing</subject><subject>Engineering</subject><subject>Evaluation</subject><subject>Fibers</subject><subject>Generating capacity</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Methodology</subject><subject>Mobility</subject><subject>Muscle contraction</subject><subject>Muscle strength</subject><subject>Muscles</subject><subject>Older people</subject><subject>People and 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As muscle power is the product of force and velocity, we recruited 20 young (10 men, 10 women: 20-31 years) and 20 older (10 men, 10 women: 65-86 years) people to investigate which of these components contributes to the lower power and performance in old age. After determination of the maximal isometric knee extension torque (MVC), they performed a countermovement jump (CMJ) in 1) the normal situation (normal), 2) with an extra load of 15% body weight (loaded) and 3) 15% lower body weight (unloaded with a pulley system), and a timed up-and-go test (TUG) in the normal or loaded condition. The TUG and CMJ performance was lower in old than young participants (p<0.001). Below a critical CMJ peak power of ~23.7 W·kg.sup.-1 TUG showed a progressive decrease. The CMJ take-off velocity (V.sub.off) in the normal condition was lower in old than young participants (p<0.001). However, the V.sub.off vs. body weight/MVC relationship of the normal, loaded and unloaded data combined was similar in the old and young participants and fitted the Hill equation (R.sup.2 = 0.396). This indicates that 1) only when peak power drops below a critical threshold TUG becomes impaired and 2) there was no evidence for intrinsic slowing of the muscle contractile properties in older people, but rather the older people were working on a slower part of the force-velocity relationship due to weaker muscles.</abstract><cop>San Francisco</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>34143856</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0253531</doi><tpages>e0253531</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7399-4841</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1200-1724</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Age Aging Atrophy Biology and Life Sciences Body weight Consent Data analysis Demographic aspects Editing Engineering Evaluation Fibers Generating capacity Medicine Medicine and Health Sciences Methodology Mobility Muscle contraction Muscle strength Muscles Older people People and Places Physical Sciences Research facilities Reviews Sports medicine Velocity Visualization Warm up (exercise) |
| title | The mobility limitation in healthy older people is due to weakness and not slower muscle contractile properties |
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