Inactivated rabies virus vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccine prevents disease in a Syrian hamster model
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emergent coronavirus that has caused a worldwide pandemic. Although human disease is often asymptomatic, some develop severe illnesses such as pneumonia, respiratory failure, and death. There is an urgent need for a vaccine to preven...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PLoS pathogens 2021-03, Vol.17 (3), p.e1009383 |
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| creator | Kurup, Drishya Malherbe, Delphine C Wirblich, Christoph Lambert, Rachael Ronk, Adam J Zabihi Diba, Leila Bukreyev, Alexander Schnell, Matthias J |
| description | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emergent coronavirus that has caused a worldwide pandemic. Although human disease is often asymptomatic, some develop severe illnesses such as pneumonia, respiratory failure, and death. There is an urgent need for a vaccine to prevent its rapid spread as asymptomatic infections accounting for up to 40% of transmission events. Here we further evaluated an inactivated rabies vectored SARS-CoV-2 S1 vaccine CORAVAX in a Syrian hamster model. CORAVAX adjuvanted with MPLA-AddaVax, a TRL4 agonist, induced high levels of neutralizing antibodies and generated a strong Th1-biased immune response. Vaccinated hamsters were protected from weight loss and viral replication in the lungs and nasal turbinates three days after challenge with SARS-CoV-2. CORAVAX also prevented lung disease, as indicated by the significant reduction in lung pathology. This study highlights CORAVAX as a safe, immunogenic, and efficacious vaccine that warrants further assessment in human trials. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009383 |
| format | Article |
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Although human disease is often asymptomatic, some develop severe illnesses such as pneumonia, respiratory failure, and death. There is an urgent need for a vaccine to prevent its rapid spread as asymptomatic infections accounting for up to 40% of transmission events. Here we further evaluated an inactivated rabies vectored SARS-CoV-2 S1 vaccine CORAVAX in a Syrian hamster model. CORAVAX adjuvanted with MPLA-AddaVax, a TRL4 agonist, induced high levels of neutralizing antibodies and generated a strong Th1-biased immune response. Vaccinated hamsters were protected from weight loss and viral replication in the lungs and nasal turbinates three days after challenge with SARS-CoV-2. CORAVAX also prevented lung disease, as indicated by the significant reduction in lung pathology. 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This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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Although human disease is often asymptomatic, some develop severe illnesses such as pneumonia, respiratory failure, and death. There is an urgent need for a vaccine to prevent its rapid spread as asymptomatic infections accounting for up to 40% of transmission events. Here we further evaluated an inactivated rabies vectored SARS-CoV-2 S1 vaccine CORAVAX in a Syrian hamster model. CORAVAX adjuvanted with MPLA-AddaVax, a TRL4 agonist, induced high levels of neutralizing antibodies and generated a strong Th1-biased immune response. Vaccinated hamsters were protected from weight loss and viral replication in the lungs and nasal turbinates three days after challenge with SARS-CoV-2. CORAVAX also prevented lung disease, as indicated by the significant reduction in lung pathology. This study highlights CORAVAX as a safe, immunogenic, and efficacious vaccine that warrants further assessment in human trials.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antibodies</subject><subject>Antibodies, Neutralizing - immunology</subject><subject>Antibodies, Viral - immunology</subject><subject>Binding sites</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Coronaviruses</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>COVID-19 - immunology</subject><subject>COVID-19 - prevention & control</subject><subject>COVID-19 Vaccines - immunology</subject><subject>Disease Models, Animal</subject><subject>Ebola virus</subject><subject>Glycoproteins</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immune response</subject><subject>Immune system</subject><subject>Immunogenicity</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin G</subject><subject>Lymphocytes T</subject><subject>Lyssavirus</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Mesocricetus</subject><subject>mRNA vaccines</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Rabies</subject><subject>Rabies virus - 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Although human disease is often asymptomatic, some develop severe illnesses such as pneumonia, respiratory failure, and death. There is an urgent need for a vaccine to prevent its rapid spread as asymptomatic infections accounting for up to 40% of transmission events. Here we further evaluated an inactivated rabies vectored SARS-CoV-2 S1 vaccine CORAVAX in a Syrian hamster model. CORAVAX adjuvanted with MPLA-AddaVax, a TRL4 agonist, induced high levels of neutralizing antibodies and generated a strong Th1-biased immune response. Vaccinated hamsters were protected from weight loss and viral replication in the lungs and nasal turbinates three days after challenge with SARS-CoV-2. CORAVAX also prevented lung disease, as indicated by the significant reduction in lung pathology. 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| subjects | Animals Antibodies Antibodies, Neutralizing - immunology Antibodies, Viral - immunology Binding sites Biology and Life Sciences Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 - immunology COVID-19 - prevention & control COVID-19 Vaccines - immunology Disease Models, Animal Ebola virus Glycoproteins Humans Immune response Immune system Immunogenicity Immunoglobulin G Lymphocytes T Lyssavirus Medicine and Health Sciences Mesocricetus mRNA vaccines Prevention Proteins Public health Rabies Rabies virus - immunology Research and Analysis Methods SARS-CoV-2 - immunology Severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Storage temperature Temperature requirements Vaccination Vaccines Vectors (Biology) Viral diseases Viral infections Viruses |
| title | Inactivated rabies virus vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccine prevents disease in a Syrian hamster model |
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