Community-based conservation with formal protection provides large collateral benefits to Amazonian migratory waterbirds

Populations of migratory waterbirds are facing dramatic declines worldwide due to illegal hunting, habitat loss and climate change. Conservation strategies to reverse these trends are imperative, especially in tropical developing countries, which almost invariably allocate insufficient levels of inv...

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Veröffentlicht in:PloS one 2021-04, Vol.16 (4), p.e0250022
Hauptverfasser: Campos-Silva, João Vitor, Peres, Carlos A, Hawes, Joseph E, Abrahams, Mark I, Andrade, Paulo C M, Davenport, Lisa
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container_start_page e0250022
container_title PloS one
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creator Campos-Silva, João Vitor
Peres, Carlos A
Hawes, Joseph E
Abrahams, Mark I
Andrade, Paulo C M
Davenport, Lisa
description Populations of migratory waterbirds are facing dramatic declines worldwide due to illegal hunting, habitat loss and climate change. Conservation strategies to reverse these trends are imperative, especially in tropical developing countries, which almost invariably allocate insufficient levels of investment for environmental protection. Here, we compared the effectiveness of sustainable-use Protected Areas (PAs) and Community-based Conservation (CBC) arrangements for the conservation of migratory waterbirds that breed on seasonal riverine sandy beaches in Brazilian Amazonia. We modeled local population responses of four migratory waterbird species on 155 beaches along a ~1,600 km section of a major tributary of the Amazon, as a function of community enforcement, official protection status, human pressure and landscape features. We show that 21 community-protected beaches within the study area host more than 80% of all sampled birds. Black Skimmers showed the most dramatic response, with breeding numbers 135-fold larger in CBC arrangements compared to beaches with no official protection status. The same pattern was observed for nesting Large-Billed and Yellow-Billed Terns. For the Near Threatened Orinoco Goose, PA status was the strongest predictor of local population size. These dramatic results demonstrate the value of protected refugia, achieved through the concerted action of participating local communities, to support breeding populations of key waterbird species. This highly-effective and low-cost conservation model can potentially be replicated in other regions of the developing world experiencing increasingly intensive exploitation of riverine natural resources.
doi_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pone.0250022
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subjects Animal reproduction
Aquatic birds
Beaches
Behavior
Biodiversity
Biology and Life Sciences
Birds
Breeding
Climate change
Community
Community involvement
Community participation
Conservation
Developing countries
Earth Sciences
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Environmental aspects
Environmental policy
Environmental protection
Environmental science
Exploitation
Habitat loss
Habitats
Hunting
LDCs
Life sciences
Local communities
Local population
Migratory birds
Migratory species
Natural resource management
Natural resources
Neochen jubata
Nesting
People and places
Phaetusa simplex
Population number
Populations
Protected areas
Protection and preservation
Refugia
Research parks
Rivers
Rynchops niger
Social Sciences
Sterna superciliaris
Taxonomy
Tributaries
Water birds
Waterfowl
Wildlife conservation
title Community-based conservation with formal protection provides large collateral benefits to Amazonian migratory waterbirds
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