Frequency of co-seropositivities for certain pathogens and their relationship with clinical and histopathological changes and parasite load in dogs infected with Leishmania infantum
In canine leishmaniosis caused by the protozoan Leishmania infantum, little is known about how co-infections with or co-seropositivities for other pathogens can influence aggravation of this disease. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the frequency of co-infections with or co-s...
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| creator | Oliveira, Valéria da Costa Junior, Artur Augusto Velho Mendes Ferreira, Luiz Claudio Calvet, Tatiana Machado Quinates Dos Santos, Shanna Araujo Figueiredo, Fabiano Borges Campos, Monique Paiva Rodrigues, Francisco das Chagas de Carvalho de Oliveira, Raquel de Vasconcellos Carvalhaes de Lemos, Elba Regina Sampaio Rozental, Tatiana da Silva, Raphael Gomes Amendoeira, Maria Regina Reis Teles-de-Freitas, Rayane Bruno, Rafaela Vieira Morgado, Fernanda Nazaré Miranda, Luciana de Freitas Campos Menezes, Rodrigo Caldas |
| description | In canine leishmaniosis caused by the protozoan Leishmania infantum, little is known about how co-infections with or co-seropositivities for other pathogens can influence aggravation of this disease. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the frequency of co-infections with or co-seropositivities for certain pathogens in dogs seropositive for L. infantum and their relationship with clinical signs, histological changes and L. infantum load. Sixty-six L. infantum-seropositive dogs were submitted to clinical examination, collection of blood and bone marrow, culling, and necropsy. Antibodies against Anaplasma spp., Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Ehrlichia spp. and Toxoplasma gondii and Dirofilaria immitis antigens were investigated in serum. Samples from different tissues were submitted to histopathology and immunohistochemistry for the detection of Leishmania spp. and T. gondii. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to assess the L. infantum load in spleen samples. For detection of Coxiella burnetii, conventional PCR and nested PCR were performed using bone marrow samples. All 66 dogs tested positive for L. infantum by qPCR and/or culture. Fifty dogs (76%) were co-seropositive for at least one pathogen: T. gondii (59%), Ehrlichia spp., (41%), and Anaplasma spp. (18%). Clinical signs were observed in 15 (94%) dogs monoinfected with L. infantum and in 45 (90%) dogs co-seropositive for certain pathogens. The L. infantum load in spleen and skin did not differ significantly between monoinfected and co-seropositive dogs. The number of inflammatory cells was higher in the spleen, lung and mammary gland of co-seropositive dogs and in the mitral valve of monoinfected dogs. These results suggest that dogs infected with L. infantum and co-seropositive for certain pathogens are common in the region studied. However, co-seropositivities for certain pathogens did not aggravate clinical signs or L. infantum load, although they were associated with a more intense inflammatory reaction in some organs. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0247560 |
| format | Article |
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Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the frequency of co-infections with or co-seropositivities for certain pathogens in dogs seropositive for L. infantum and their relationship with clinical signs, histological changes and L. infantum load. Sixty-six L. infantum-seropositive dogs were submitted to clinical examination, collection of blood and bone marrow, culling, and necropsy. Antibodies against Anaplasma spp., Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Ehrlichia spp. and Toxoplasma gondii and Dirofilaria immitis antigens were investigated in serum. Samples from different tissues were submitted to histopathology and immunohistochemistry for the detection of Leishmania spp. and T. gondii. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to assess the L. infantum load in spleen samples. For detection of Coxiella burnetii, conventional PCR and nested PCR were performed using bone marrow samples. All 66 dogs tested positive for L. infantum by qPCR and/or culture. Fifty dogs (76%) were co-seropositive for at least one pathogen: T. gondii (59%), Ehrlichia spp., (41%), and Anaplasma spp. (18%). Clinical signs were observed in 15 (94%) dogs monoinfected with L. infantum and in 45 (90%) dogs co-seropositive for certain pathogens. The L. infantum load in spleen and skin did not differ significantly between monoinfected and co-seropositive dogs. The number of inflammatory cells was higher in the spleen, lung and mammary gland of co-seropositive dogs and in the mitral valve of monoinfected dogs. These results suggest that dogs infected with L. infantum and co-seropositive for certain pathogens are common in the region studied. However, co-seropositivities for certain pathogens did not aggravate clinical signs or L. infantum load, although they were associated with a more intense inflammatory reaction in some organs.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247560</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33705437</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Alertness ; Alopecia ; Analysis ; Animals ; Antibodies, Protozoan - blood ; Atrophy ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Bone marrow ; Cachexia ; Coinfection - blood ; Coinfection - parasitology ; Coinfection - pathology ; Coinfection - veterinary ; Cost analysis ; Development and progression ; Diagnosis ; Disease transmission ; Dog Diseases - blood ; Dog Diseases - parasitology ; Dog Diseases - pathology ; Dogs ; Ehrlichia canis - immunology ; Ehrlichiosis - blood ; Ehrlichiosis - parasitology ; Ehrlichiosis - pathology ; Ehrlichiosis - veterinary ; Emotional behavior ; Enlargement ; Female ; Gait ; Immunohistochemistry - methods ; Infections ; Infectious diseases ; Inspection ; Kala-azar ; Keratoconjunctivitis ; Leishmania ; Leishmania infantum - immunology ; Leishmaniasis ; Leishmaniasis, Visceral - blood ; Leishmaniasis, Visceral - parasitology ; Leishmaniasis, Visceral - pathology ; Leishmaniasis, Visceral - veterinary ; Leukocytes - immunology ; Lymph nodes ; Lymphatic system ; Male ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Muscles ; Myeloid Cells - immunology ; Organs ; Parasite Load ; Parasites ; Pathogens ; Posture ; Protozoa ; Public health ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Skeletal muscle ; Spleen ; Toxoplasma - immunology ; Toxoplasmosis, Animal - blood ; Toxoplasmosis, Animal - parasitology ; Toxoplasmosis, Animal - pathology ; Ulcers ; Vector-borne diseases</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2021-03, Vol.16 (3), p.e0247560-e0247560</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2021 Oliveira et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2021 Oliveira et al 2021 Oliveira et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-785d6a4aaef5bfb06d76d2cb6165ff7294b3f9ae457d2065923562375bf92d5b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-785d6a4aaef5bfb06d76d2cb6165ff7294b3f9ae457d2065923562375bf92d5b3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-1853-3449</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7951870/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7951870/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2095,2914,23846,27903,27904,53769,53771,79346,79347</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33705437$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Ionica, Angela Monica</contributor><creatorcontrib>Oliveira, Valéria da Costa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Junior, Artur Augusto Velho Mendes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ferreira, Luiz Claudio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Calvet, Tatiana Machado Quinates</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dos Santos, Shanna Araujo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Figueiredo, Fabiano Borges</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Campos, Monique Paiva</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodrigues, Francisco das Chagas de Carvalho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Oliveira, Raquel de Vasconcellos Carvalhaes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Lemos, Elba Regina Sampaio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rozental, Tatiana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>da Silva, Raphael Gomes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Amendoeira, Maria Regina Reis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Teles-de-Freitas, Rayane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bruno, Rafaela Vieira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morgado, Fernanda Nazaré</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miranda, Luciana de Freitas Campos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Menezes, Rodrigo Caldas</creatorcontrib><title>Frequency of co-seropositivities for certain pathogens and their relationship with clinical and histopathological changes and parasite load in dogs infected with Leishmania infantum</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>In canine leishmaniosis caused by the protozoan Leishmania infantum, little is known about how co-infections with or co-seropositivities for other pathogens can influence aggravation of this disease. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the frequency of co-infections with or co-seropositivities for certain pathogens in dogs seropositive for L. infantum and their relationship with clinical signs, histological changes and L. infantum load. Sixty-six L. infantum-seropositive dogs were submitted to clinical examination, collection of blood and bone marrow, culling, and necropsy. Antibodies against Anaplasma spp., Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Ehrlichia spp. and Toxoplasma gondii and Dirofilaria immitis antigens were investigated in serum. Samples from different tissues were submitted to histopathology and immunohistochemistry for the detection of Leishmania spp. and T. gondii. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to assess the L. infantum load in spleen samples. For detection of Coxiella burnetii, conventional PCR and nested PCR were performed using bone marrow samples. All 66 dogs tested positive for L. infantum by qPCR and/or culture. Fifty dogs (76%) were co-seropositive for at least one pathogen: T. gondii (59%), Ehrlichia spp., (41%), and Anaplasma spp. (18%). Clinical signs were observed in 15 (94%) dogs monoinfected with L. infantum and in 45 (90%) dogs co-seropositive for certain pathogens. The L. infantum load in spleen and skin did not differ significantly between monoinfected and co-seropositive dogs. The number of inflammatory cells was higher in the spleen, lung and mammary gland of co-seropositive dogs and in the mitral valve of monoinfected dogs. These results suggest that dogs infected with L. infantum and co-seropositive for certain pathogens are common in the region studied. However, co-seropositivities for certain pathogens did not aggravate clinical signs or L. infantum load, although they were associated with a more intense inflammatory reaction in some organs.</description><subject>Alertness</subject><subject>Alopecia</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antibodies, Protozoan - blood</subject><subject>Atrophy</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Bone marrow</subject><subject>Cachexia</subject><subject>Coinfection - blood</subject><subject>Coinfection - parasitology</subject><subject>Coinfection - pathology</subject><subject>Coinfection - veterinary</subject><subject>Cost analysis</subject><subject>Development and progression</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Disease transmission</subject><subject>Dog Diseases - blood</subject><subject>Dog Diseases - parasitology</subject><subject>Dog Diseases - pathology</subject><subject>Dogs</subject><subject>Ehrlichia canis - immunology</subject><subject>Ehrlichiosis - blood</subject><subject>Ehrlichiosis - parasitology</subject><subject>Ehrlichiosis - pathology</subject><subject>Ehrlichiosis - veterinary</subject><subject>Emotional behavior</subject><subject>Enlargement</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gait</subject><subject>Immunohistochemistry - methods</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Inspection</subject><subject>Kala-azar</subject><subject>Keratoconjunctivitis</subject><subject>Leishmania</subject><subject>Leishmania infantum - immunology</subject><subject>Leishmaniasis</subject><subject>Leishmaniasis, Visceral - blood</subject><subject>Leishmaniasis, Visceral - parasitology</subject><subject>Leishmaniasis, Visceral - pathology</subject><subject>Leishmaniasis, Visceral - veterinary</subject><subject>Leukocytes - immunology</subject><subject>Lymph nodes</subject><subject>Lymphatic system</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Muscles</subject><subject>Myeloid Cells - immunology</subject><subject>Organs</subject><subject>Parasite Load</subject><subject>Parasites</subject><subject>Pathogens</subject><subject>Posture</subject><subject>Protozoa</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Research and Analysis Methods</subject><subject>Skeletal muscle</subject><subject>Spleen</subject><subject>Toxoplasma - immunology</subject><subject>Toxoplasmosis, Animal - blood</subject><subject>Toxoplasmosis, Animal - parasitology</subject><subject>Toxoplasmosis, Animal - pathology</subject><subject>Ulcers</subject><subject>Vector-borne 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of co-seropositivities for certain pathogens and their relationship with clinical and histopathological changes and parasite load in dogs infected with Leishmania infantum</title><author>Oliveira, Valéria da Costa ; Junior, Artur Augusto Velho Mendes ; Ferreira, Luiz Claudio ; Calvet, Tatiana Machado Quinates ; Dos Santos, Shanna Araujo ; Figueiredo, Fabiano Borges ; Campos, Monique Paiva ; Rodrigues, Francisco das Chagas de Carvalho ; de Oliveira, Raquel de Vasconcellos Carvalhaes ; de Lemos, Elba Regina Sampaio ; Rozental, Tatiana ; da Silva, Raphael Gomes ; Amendoeira, Maria Regina Reis ; Teles-de-Freitas, Rayane ; Bruno, Rafaela Vieira ; Morgado, Fernanda Nazaré ; Miranda, Luciana de Freitas Campos ; Menezes, Rodrigo Caldas</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-785d6a4aaef5bfb06d76d2cb6165ff7294b3f9ae457d2065923562375bf92d5b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Alertness</topic><topic>Alopecia</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Antibodies, Protozoan - blood</topic><topic>Atrophy</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Bone marrow</topic><topic>Cachexia</topic><topic>Coinfection - blood</topic><topic>Coinfection - parasitology</topic><topic>Coinfection - pathology</topic><topic>Coinfection - veterinary</topic><topic>Cost analysis</topic><topic>Development and progression</topic><topic>Diagnosis</topic><topic>Disease transmission</topic><topic>Dog Diseases - blood</topic><topic>Dog Diseases - parasitology</topic><topic>Dog Diseases - pathology</topic><topic>Dogs</topic><topic>Ehrlichia canis - immunology</topic><topic>Ehrlichiosis - blood</topic><topic>Ehrlichiosis - parasitology</topic><topic>Ehrlichiosis - pathology</topic><topic>Ehrlichiosis - veterinary</topic><topic>Emotional behavior</topic><topic>Enlargement</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gait</topic><topic>Immunohistochemistry - methods</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Infectious diseases</topic><topic>Inspection</topic><topic>Kala-azar</topic><topic>Keratoconjunctivitis</topic><topic>Leishmania</topic><topic>Leishmania infantum - immunology</topic><topic>Leishmaniasis</topic><topic>Leishmaniasis, Visceral - blood</topic><topic>Leishmaniasis, Visceral - parasitology</topic><topic>Leishmaniasis, Visceral - pathology</topic><topic>Leishmaniasis, Visceral - veterinary</topic><topic>Leukocytes - immunology</topic><topic>Lymph nodes</topic><topic>Lymphatic system</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Muscles</topic><topic>Myeloid Cells - immunology</topic><topic>Organs</topic><topic>Parasite Load</topic><topic>Parasites</topic><topic>Pathogens</topic><topic>Posture</topic><topic>Protozoa</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Research and Analysis Methods</topic><topic>Skeletal muscle</topic><topic>Spleen</topic><topic>Toxoplasma - immunology</topic><topic>Toxoplasmosis, Animal - blood</topic><topic>Toxoplasmosis, Animal - parasitology</topic><topic>Toxoplasmosis, Animal - pathology</topic><topic>Ulcers</topic><topic>Vector-borne diseases</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Oliveira, Valéria da Costa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Junior, Artur Augusto Velho Mendes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ferreira, Luiz Claudio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Calvet, Tatiana Machado Quinates</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dos Santos, Shanna Araujo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Figueiredo, Fabiano Borges</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Campos, Monique Paiva</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodrigues, Francisco das Chagas de Carvalho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Oliveira, Raquel de Vasconcellos Carvalhaes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Lemos, Elba Regina Sampaio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rozental, Tatiana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>da Silva, Raphael Gomes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Amendoeira, Maria Regina Reis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Teles-de-Freitas, Rayane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bruno, Rafaela Vieira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morgado, Fernanda Nazaré</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miranda, Luciana de Freitas Campos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Menezes, Rodrigo Caldas</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale in Context : Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health Journals</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health 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Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest advanced technologies & aerospace journals</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Materials science collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Oliveira, Valéria da Costa</au><au>Junior, Artur Augusto Velho Mendes</au><au>Ferreira, Luiz Claudio</au><au>Calvet, Tatiana Machado Quinates</au><au>Dos Santos, Shanna Araujo</au><au>Figueiredo, Fabiano Borges</au><au>Campos, Monique Paiva</au><au>Rodrigues, Francisco das Chagas de Carvalho</au><au>de Oliveira, Raquel de Vasconcellos Carvalhaes</au><au>de Lemos, Elba Regina Sampaio</au><au>Rozental, Tatiana</au><au>da Silva, Raphael Gomes</au><au>Amendoeira, Maria Regina Reis</au><au>Teles-de-Freitas, Rayane</au><au>Bruno, Rafaela Vieira</au><au>Morgado, Fernanda Nazaré</au><au>Miranda, Luciana de Freitas Campos</au><au>Menezes, Rodrigo Caldas</au><au>Ionica, Angela Monica</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Frequency of co-seropositivities for certain pathogens and their relationship with clinical and histopathological changes and parasite load in dogs infected with Leishmania infantum</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2021-03-11</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>e0247560</spage><epage>e0247560</epage><pages>e0247560-e0247560</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>In canine leishmaniosis caused by the protozoan Leishmania infantum, little is known about how co-infections with or co-seropositivities for other pathogens can influence aggravation of this disease. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the frequency of co-infections with or co-seropositivities for certain pathogens in dogs seropositive for L. infantum and their relationship with clinical signs, histological changes and L. infantum load. Sixty-six L. infantum-seropositive dogs were submitted to clinical examination, collection of blood and bone marrow, culling, and necropsy. Antibodies against Anaplasma spp., Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Ehrlichia spp. and Toxoplasma gondii and Dirofilaria immitis antigens were investigated in serum. Samples from different tissues were submitted to histopathology and immunohistochemistry for the detection of Leishmania spp. and T. gondii. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to assess the L. infantum load in spleen samples. For detection of Coxiella burnetii, conventional PCR and nested PCR were performed using bone marrow samples. All 66 dogs tested positive for L. infantum by qPCR and/or culture. Fifty dogs (76%) were co-seropositive for at least one pathogen: T. gondii (59%), Ehrlichia spp., (41%), and Anaplasma spp. (18%). Clinical signs were observed in 15 (94%) dogs monoinfected with L. infantum and in 45 (90%) dogs co-seropositive for certain pathogens. The L. infantum load in spleen and skin did not differ significantly between monoinfected and co-seropositive dogs. The number of inflammatory cells was higher in the spleen, lung and mammary gland of co-seropositive dogs and in the mitral valve of monoinfected dogs. These results suggest that dogs infected with L. infantum and co-seropositive for certain pathogens are common in the region studied. However, co-seropositivities for certain pathogens did not aggravate clinical signs or L. infantum load, although they were associated with a more intense inflammatory reaction in some organs.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>33705437</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0247560</doi><tpages>e0247560</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1853-3449</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2021-03, Vol.16 (3), p.e0247560-e0247560 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2500367474 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; PubMed (Medline); Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; EZB Electronic Journals Library |
| subjects | Alertness Alopecia Analysis Animals Antibodies, Protozoan - blood Atrophy Biology and Life Sciences Bone marrow Cachexia Coinfection - blood Coinfection - parasitology Coinfection - pathology Coinfection - veterinary Cost analysis Development and progression Diagnosis Disease transmission Dog Diseases - blood Dog Diseases - parasitology Dog Diseases - pathology Dogs Ehrlichia canis - immunology Ehrlichiosis - blood Ehrlichiosis - parasitology Ehrlichiosis - pathology Ehrlichiosis - veterinary Emotional behavior Enlargement Female Gait Immunohistochemistry - methods Infections Infectious diseases Inspection Kala-azar Keratoconjunctivitis Leishmania Leishmania infantum - immunology Leishmaniasis Leishmaniasis, Visceral - blood Leishmaniasis, Visceral - parasitology Leishmaniasis, Visceral - pathology Leishmaniasis, Visceral - veterinary Leukocytes - immunology Lymph nodes Lymphatic system Male Medicine and Health Sciences Muscles Myeloid Cells - immunology Organs Parasite Load Parasites Pathogens Posture Protozoa Public health Research and Analysis Methods Skeletal muscle Spleen Toxoplasma - immunology Toxoplasmosis, Animal - blood Toxoplasmosis, Animal - parasitology Toxoplasmosis, Animal - pathology Ulcers Vector-borne diseases |
| title | Frequency of co-seropositivities for certain pathogens and their relationship with clinical and histopathological changes and parasite load in dogs infected with Leishmania infantum |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-24T20%3A50%3A53IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Frequency%20of%20co-seropositivities%20for%20certain%20pathogens%20and%20their%20relationship%20with%20clinical%20and%20histopathological%20changes%20and%20parasite%20load%20in%20dogs%20infected%20with%20Leishmania%20infantum&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Oliveira,%20Val%C3%A9ria%20da%20Costa&rft.date=2021-03-11&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=e0247560&rft.epage=e0247560&rft.pages=e0247560-e0247560&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0247560&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA654635466%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2500367474&rft_id=info:pmid/33705437&rft_galeid=A654635466&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_495f6eb880a946f8aa79bc1d7e821b8b&rfr_iscdi=true |